identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
63E73445E45C542CA2F84825BE8AF754.text	63E73445E45C542CA2F84825BE8AF754.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina asiatica Okido, Ogata & Hosoishsi 2020	<div><p>Myrmecina asiatica Okido, Ogata &amp; Hosoishi, 2020</p><p>Fig. 28</p><p>Myrmecina asiatica Okido, Ogata &amp; Hosoishsi, 2020: 17, fig. 4 (w.) CHINA.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Unexamined. High-resolution images of the holotype from Okido et al. (2020) were reviewed.</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Eyes small, composed of 7–11 ommatidia; (2) mandible with a curved masticatory margin, apical tooth strong, third tooth robust, followed by 5 small teeth and a basal tooth; (3) propodeal spines triangular, variable in length, usually extending beyond (sometimes just reaching) the posterior propodeal margin; (4) petiole short, as long as or slightly longer than height in lateral view, dorsal crest positioned at middle length; (5) head and mesosoma with longitudinal rugae, sometimes interspersed with puncta.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Yunnan; THAILAND, MALAYSIA, INDONESIA.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/63E73445E45C542CA2F84825BE8AF754	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
136E08753F385962A4E7D37796676041.text	136E08753F385962A4E7D37796676041.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina asthena Okido, Ogata & Hosoishsi 2020	<div><p>Myrmecina asthena Okido, Ogata &amp; Hosoishi, 2020</p><p>Fig. 29</p><p>Myrmecina asthena Okido, Ogata &amp; Hosoishsi, 2020: 21, fig. 6 (w.) CHINA.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Unexamined. High-resolution images of the holotype from Okido et al. (2020) were reviewed.</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Eyes extremely small, composed of 5–8 ommatidia; (2) head subrectangular, distinctly longer than broad (CI 86–88), with dense puncta and sometimes faint longitudinal rugae; (3) mandible with a curved masticatory margin, apical tooth strong, third tooth robust, followed by 5 small teeth and a basal tooth; (4) propodeal spines triangular, usually extending beyond posterior propodeal margin; (5) petiole distinctly longer than height in profile and longer than broad in dorsal view; (6) postpetiole with 4 ventral hairs.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Yunnan; VIETNAM, MALAYSIA.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/136E08753F385962A4E7D37796676041	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
1A750C9F85A15D5AA49705077F16B28F.text	1A750C9F85A15D5AA49705077F16B28F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina carinolateralis Gu & Chen 2025	<div><p>Myrmecina carinolateralis Gu &amp; Chen sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 30</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype. • worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=95.3401&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.3201" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 95.3401/lat 29.3201)">Motuo</a>, Xizang, China, 29.3201°N, 095.3401°E, 1230 m, secondary forest, soil, 27. VIII. 2016, Zhilin Chen, GXNU 160058 [GXNU] . Paratype. • 1 worker, with the same collection data as the holotype; • 2 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=95.1901&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.2501" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 95.1901/lat 29.2501)">Motuo</a>, Xizang, China, 29.2501°N, 095.1901°E, 840 m, secondary forest, soil, 28. VIII. 2016, Zhilin Chen, GXNU 160604 [2 workers, GXNU; 1 worker, IZCAS] .</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Coarse longitudinal carinae on the lateroventral surface of head; (2) gastal tergite I with very fine reticulation (visible at 50 × magnification); (3) propodeal spines needle-like, weakly downcurved, approximately 1.5 times longer than their basal width; (4) eyes medium-sized, composed of 10–12 ommatidia; (5) body uniformly black, with yellowish-brown appendages and gastral apex; (6) mesosomal dorsum with abundant longitudinal carinae, more rugose than in related species.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>M. carinolateralis Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is characterized by its coarsely carinate lateroventral surface of head and finely reticulated gaster, key diagnostic features distinguishing it from closely related taxa. It most closely resembles M. curvispina but can be separated by the following combination of characters: (1) M. carinolateralis Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. possesses coarse longitudinal carinae on the lateroventral portion and rugose dorsal carinae, contrasting with M. curvispina ’ s completely smooth lateroventral surface and uniformly striate dorsum; (2) the gaster of M. carinolateralis Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. exhibits very fine reticulations (visible at 50 × magnification), while that of M. curvispina is entirely smooth; (3) Propodeal spines in M. carinolateralis Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. are needle-like, weakly downcurved, approximately 1.5 times longer than their basal width, whereas in M. curvispina are broadly triangular, strongly outcurved, and approximately equal length and width; (4) eyes in M. carinolateralis Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. are medium-sized (10–12 ommatidia), compared to reduced eyes (&lt;10 ommatidia) of M. curvispina . These consistent morphological differences separate the two species.</p><p>Worker measurements.</p><p>(N = 4). HL 0.58–0.63, HW 0.56–0.60, CI 95–97, SL 0.44–0.46, SI 77–79, ED 0.06–0.07, MSL 0.66–0.70, PW 0.41–0.44, PL 0.16–0.18, PH 0.17–0.19, DPW 0.17–0.19, LPI 105–106, DPI 100–101, GL 0.71–0.79, TL 2.69–2.75.</p><p>Worker description.</p><p>Head. In full-face view, head subquadrate, with weakly convex lateral margins and medially a shallow concave posterior margin. Mandibles with 7 teeth: apical two robust, teeth 3–6 small and indistinct, basal tooth smaller than apical tooth but more distinct than intermediate teeth; masticatory margin approximately equal in length to inner margin. Clypeus with nearly straight anterior margin, distinct lateral corners, and a prominent median denticle. Frontal lobes broad and laterally expanded. Antennae 12 - segmented, scapes extending posteriorly to reach posterolateral corners of head. Eyes medium-sized, composed of 10–12 ommatidia. Mesosoma. In lateral view, dorsal outline evenly convex; eumetanotal spines (sensu Okido et al. 2020) blunt, not interrupting dorsal profile. Propodeal spines robust and elongate, approximately 1.5 times longer than their basal width, weakly downcurved and directed posteriorly. Propodeal spiracle small, diameter about one-third its distance to propodeal declivity. In dorsal view, anterior margin of mesosoma evenly convex, with distinct humeral corners; lateral margins gradually converging posteriorly toward bases of propodeal spines. Propodeal spines needle-like, weakly curved, directed posterolaterally. Metasoma. In lateral view, petiole slightly higher than long, with triangular dorsal projection; ventral margin straight. Postpetiole dorsally weakly concave, with distinct anterodorsal corner; gaster ovoid. In dorsal view, petiole with concave anterior margin and straight lateral and posterior margins; postpetiole with distinct anterodorsal and posterodorsal corners; gaster with rounded anterolateral corners. Sculpture. Mandibles with two basal longitudinal grooves on frontal surface, otherwise smooth and shining. Clypeus smooth and shining. Head in full-face and lateral views with coarse longitudinal carinae, some extending across frontal lobes surfaces. Mesosoma with abundant longitudinal carinae laterally and dorsally. Petiole and postpetiole with short longitudinal carinae laterally, dorsal carinae somewhat rugose; gaster with microreticulations. Pilosity and pubescence. Body with moderately dense erect hairs. Pubescence sparse, restricted to antennal club. Coloration. Mandibles, anterior clypeal margin, antennae, legs, and posterior gastral segments yellowish-brown to reddish-brown; remainder of body black.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet “ carinolateralis ” is a compound Latin adjective, derived from “ carina ” (meaning “keel” or “ridge”) and “ lateralis ” (meaning “lateral”), referring to the diagnostic character of coarse longitudinal carinae on the lateroventral portion of the head capsule. The name highlights this distinctive sculptural feature that distinguishes this new species from M. curvispina .</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Xizang.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1A750C9F85A15D5AA49705077F16B28F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
D7FD39ADC76E5B768AE66AF06B714A85.text	D7FD39ADC76E5B768AE66AF06B714A85.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina Curtis 1829	<div><p>Myrmecina Curtis, 1829</p><p>Myrmecina Curtis, 1829: 265. Type-species: Myrmecina latreillii (junior synonym of Formica graminicola), by monotypy.</p><p>Archaeomyrmex Mann, 1921: 448. Synonymized by Brown 1971: 1.</p><p>Worker morphology.</p><p>(1) Monomorphic; small body size; (2) head rectangular, posterior cephalic carina distinct, extending to the lower part of the posterior cephalic margin and gradually expanding to the anterior lateral sides of the ventral head; (3) mandibles subtriangular, apical and subapical teeth well developed, remaining teeth usually reduce or indistinct; (4) palpal formula typically 4, 3 or 3, 2; (5) clypeus with posterior portion inserted between frontal lobes; anterior margin emarginate, with two lateral corners, usually bearing a small median denticle; (6) frontal lobes covering the antennal fossae; (7) antennae 11–12 segments, with a distinct 3 - segmented club; (8) eyes small to medium-sized, ocelli absent; (9) promesonotal suture and metanotal groove absent, promesonotal dorsum weakly convex; (10) propodeum armed with distinct spines or teeth; (11) petiole without anterior peduncle, dorsal surface usually with a median denticular projection.</p><p>This study documents the following 28 species in China, including 11 new species, as listed below:</p><p>M. asiatica Okido, Ogata &amp; Hosoishi, 2020 Yunnan; THAILAND, MALAYSIA, INDONESIA.</p><p>M. asthena Okido, Ogata &amp; Hosoishi, 2020 Yunnan; VIETNAM, MALAYSIA.</p><p>M. carinolateralis Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. Xizang.</p><p>M. curvispina Zhou, Huang &amp; Ma, 2008 Guangxi.</p><p>M. eowilsoni Liu, 2022 Yunnan.</p><p>M. flavipeda Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. Guangxi, Guangdong.</p><p>M. gaoligongensis Liu, 2022 Yunnan.</p><p>M. globicephala Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. Guangxi.</p><p>M. graminicola (Latreille, 1802) Guangxi, Guangdong, Zhejiang; UK, DENMARK, Germany, RUSSIA.</p><p>M. guangxiensis Zhou, 2001 Guangxi, Hunan, Yunnan; VIETNAM.</p><p>M. hamula Zhou, Huang &amp; Ma, 2008 Guangxi, Shaanxi.</p><p>M. hirsuta Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. Zhejiang.</p><p>M. jiachengi Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. Shaanxi.</p><p>M. kaigong Terayama, 2009 Taiwan.</p><p>M. laevidorsa Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. Guangxi.</p><p>M. pauca Huang, Huang &amp; Zhou, 2008 Guangxi, Hunan.</p><p>M. pierceae Liu, 2022 Yunnan.</p><p>M. planiclypea Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. Guangxi.</p><p>M. raviwonghei Jaitrong, Samung, Waengsothorn &amp; Okido, 2019 Yunnan; THAILAND.</p><p>M. rugosodorsum Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. Chongqing.</p><p>M. sauteri Forel, 1912 Guangxi, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Taiwan.</p><p>M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. Hainan.</p><p>M. shixui Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. Yunnan.</p><p>M. sinensis Wheeler, 1921 Guangxi, Yunan, Zhejiang, Liaoning.</p><p>M. striata Emery, 1889 Jiangsu (dubious), Sichuan (dubious), Yunnan (dubious); INDIA, MYANMAR, SRI LANKA.</p><p>M. strigis Lin &amp; Wu, 1998 Taiwan.</p><p>M. subuncinata Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. Hainan.</p><p>M. taiwana Terayama, 1985 Guangxi, Yunnan, Taiwan.</p><p>Key to Chinese Myrmecina species based on the worker caste</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D7FD39ADC76E5B768AE66AF06B714A85	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
2B31E82D26CF59A7A6499AE8CE8D3679.text	2B31E82D26CF59A7A6499AE8CE8D3679.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina curvispina Zhou, Huang & Ma 2008	<div><p>Myrmecina curvispina Zhou, Huang &amp; Ma, 2008</p><p>Fig. 31</p><p>Myrmecina curvispina Zhou, Huang &amp; Ma, 2008: 286, figs 1–3 (w.) CHINA.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype. • worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.5001&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.9001" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.5001/lat 25.9001)">Maoershan</a>, Guangxi, China, 25.9001°N, 110.5001°E, 1550 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 22. VIII. 1998, Shanyi Zhou .</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Propodeal spines distinctly outcurved apically in dorsal view; (2) gastral tergite I completely smooth and shining; (3) anteroventral pronotal angle acute and rectangular, projecting forward; (4) eyes small, composed of fewer than 10 ommatidia; (5) head square-shaped (CI 103), with strongly developed occipital carina and concave posterior margin; (6) mandibles massive, masticatory margin with two prominent apical teeth followed by small blunt denticles; (7) mesosomal dorsum less convex than in related species, gradually tapering posteriorly; (8) petiole quadrangular, with distinct cross ridge, subpetiolar process small and triangular; (9) head and mesosoma strongly longitudinally striate.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Guangxi.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B31E82D26CF59A7A6499AE8CE8D3679	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
E9D2F7A47FA25F5E953F2B85CBABD1E4.text	E9D2F7A47FA25F5E953F2B85CBABD1E4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina eowilsoni Liu 2022	<div><p>Myrmecina eowilsoni Liu, 2022</p><p>Fig. 32</p><p>Myrmecina eowilsoni Liu, 2022: 156, fig. 3 (w.) CHINA.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Unexamined. High-resolution images of the holotype from Liu et al. (2022) were reviewed.</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Postpetiole strongly expanded laterally, more than twice as broad as petiole; (2) lateral portions of clypeus raised into sharp ridges (shield-like) in front of antennal torulus; (3) propodeal spines straight in dorsal view; (4) gastral tergite I smooth and shining; (6) ventrolateral portion of head with puncta or rugae; (7) anterior clypeal margin with a median denticle; (8) eyes small, composed of ≤ 10 ommatidia.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Yunnan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E9D2F7A47FA25F5E953F2B85CBABD1E4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
66EF9AC917CF55DBAAED70C0211FF3C0.text	66EF9AC917CF55DBAAED70C0211FF3C0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina flavipeda Gu & Chen 2025	<div><p>Myrmecina flavipeda Gu &amp; Chen sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 33</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype. • worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.4661&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.9153" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.4661/lat 25.9153)">Maoershan</a>, Guangxi, China, 25.9153°N, 110.4661°E, 1550 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 12. VII. 2020, Chunxuan Luo, GXNU 20002732 [GXNU] . Paratypes. • 4 workers and 1 queen, with the same collection date as holotype; • 2 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=114.1809&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.699" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 114.1809/lat 24.699)">Huangzhushan</a>, Guangdong, China, 24.6990°N, 114.1809°E, 497 m, secondary forest, soil, 25. VII. 2022, Benan Zhang, GXNU 2201299 ; • 5 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.4472&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.9153" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.4472/lat 25.9153)">Maoershan</a>, Guangxi, China, 25.9153°N, 110.4472°E, 1700 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 12. VIII. 2020, Danni Chen, GXNU 20003038 ; • 3 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=112.9868&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.6791" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 112.9868/lat 24.6791)">Tianjingshan</a>, Guangdong, China, 24.6791°N, 112.9868°E, 653 m, secondary forest, soil, 19. VIII. 2023, Yanping Wu, GXNU 2302412 [13 workers and 1 queen, GXNU; 1 worker, IZCAS].</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Mesosoma with a pair of blunt-tipped dentiform eumetanotal spines; (2) propodeal spines robust, length subequal to its basal width, interspinal distance approximately twice spine length; (3) propodeal spiracle diameter distinctly greater than its distance to propodeal declivity; (4) petiole in dorsal view slightly longer than height, dorsal outline triangular.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>M. flavipeda Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is most similar to M. flava but can be readily distinguished by the following characters: (1) eumetanotal spines bluntly denticulate in M. flavipeda Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. (vs. small right-angled triangular teeth in M. flava); (2) propodeal spines robust, with length subequal to its basal width in M. flavipeda Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. (vs. triangular spines longer than broad in M. flava); (3) M. flavipeda Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. exhibits fine longitudinal striae mixed with puncta on the dorsum of head (vs. 11–13 inconspicuous longitudinal rugae in M. flava); (4) eyes smaller in M. flavipeda Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov., composed of 4–6 ommatidia (vs. 10–12 in M. flava); (5) propodeal spiracle large, its diameter greater than its distance to propodeal declivity in M. flavipeda Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. (vs. spiracle small, its diameter only equal to its distance to propodeal declivity in M. flava); (6) petiole with triangular dorsal outline in M. flavipeda Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. (vs. subtriangular in M. flava).</p><p>Worker measurements.</p><p>(N = 5). HL 0.57–0.61, HW 0.55–0.60, CI 96–98, SL 0.46–0.50, SI 84–86, ED 0.05–0.06, MSL 0.70–0.74, PW 0.38–0.40, PL 0.17–0.19, PH 0.15–0.16, DPW 0.17–0.18, LPI 84–86, DPI 95–100, GL 1.01–1.13, TL 2.69–2.75.</p><p>Worker description.</p><p>Head. In full-face view, head rectangular, longer than broad; lateral margins nearly straight, posterior margin broadly and shallowly concave. Mandibles with 7–8 teeth: apical two teeth robust, teeth 3–6 reduced to inconspicuous denticles, with a distinct gap between teeth 2 and 3, sub-basal tooth slightly larger than basal tooth. Clypeus with nearly straight anterior margin, lateral teeth and median clypeal denticle indistinct. Antennal fossa bordered anteriorly by a carinate ridge, continuous with lateral clypeal ridge. Frontal lobes broad and flat, not laterally expanded. Antennae 12 - segmented, scapes when extending posteriorly, their apices just reaching posterior margin of head. Eyes small, composed of 4–6 ommatidia. Mesosoma. In lateral view, dorsal outline evenly convex; eumetanotal spines bluntly denticulate. Propodeal spines robust, length subequal to their basal width; propodeal spiracle large, its diameter distinctly greater than its distance to propodeal declivity. In dorsal view, pronotum convex anteriorly, with distinct humeral corners; lateral margins gradually converging posteriorly. Two transverse carinae present between eumetanotal spines; propodeal spines approximately half as long as inter-spinal distance. Metasoma. In lateral view, petiole slightly longer than its height, dorsal margin triangular, subpetiolar process small tooth, ventral margin concave medially; postpetiole higher than long, with rounded anterodorsal corners; dorsal surface weakly concave; sternite rectangular, anteroventral and posteroventral corners angulate; gaster elongate-ovoid. In dorsal view, petiole and postpetiole rectangular, postpetiole broader than length; gaster ovoid, with straight anterior margin and weakly angular anterolateral corners. Sculpture. Mandibles, clypeus, and median frons smooth and shining; remainder dorsum of head with fine longitudinal striae interspersed with puncta, appearing dull. Lateroventral portion of head with minute puncta (sometimes nearly imperceptible), weakly shining. Pronotal dorsum with short, obliquely ascending striae; sometimes anteroventral area smooth and shining. Mesopleura and lateral propodeum with longitudinal striae. In dorsal view, mesosomal dorsum with 10–15 longitudinal striae. Petiole and postpetiole striate; gaster smooth and shining. Pilosity and pubescence. Subdecumbent hairs present along lateral head margins and antennal scapes. Body densely covered with erect hairs. Pubescence restricted to antennal club. Coloration. Head, mesosomal dorsum, petiole, postpetiole, and gastral tergite I (excluding anterior and posterior margins) reddish-brown to dark brown. Antennal club, legs, lateral mesosoma, lateral gaster, and gastral apex yellow to yellowish-brown.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet “ flavipeda ” is a Latin compound adjective meaning “ yellow-footed ” (flavus, yellow + pes / pedis, foot), referring to the species’ distinctive reddish-brown to yellowish legs, which is one of the key diagnostic traits that contrasts with the predominantly dark appendages of other congeners, and the etymology merely defines a category of characters.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Guangxi, Guangdong.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/66EF9AC917CF55DBAAED70C0211FF3C0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
C502F8581C105B7EBD348973C2C87421.text	C502F8581C105B7EBD348973C2C87421.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina gaoligongensis Liu 2022	<div><p>Myrmecina gaoligongensis Liu, 2022</p><p>Fig. 34</p><p>Myrmecina gaoligongensis Liu, 2022: 158, fig. 4 (w.) CHINA.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Unexamined. High-resolution images of the holotype from Liu et al. (2022) were reviewed.</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Propodeal spines triangular, shorter than their basal width; (2) petiole subrectangular (1.5 × longer than its width); (3) postpetiole quadratic (PPI 100–103); (4) head densely punctate, with weak longitudinal rugae; (5) eyes small (6 ommatidia).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Yunnan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C502F8581C105B7EBD348973C2C87421	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
7FA4A8C14AE359CC8D644B00FF2E1108.text	7FA4A8C14AE359CC8D644B00FF2E1108.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina globicephala Gu & Chen 2025	<div><p>Myrmecina globicephala Gu &amp; Chen sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 35</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype. • worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.6817&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.2021" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.6817/lat 25.2021)">Jiuwanshan</a>, Guangxi, China, 25.2021°N, 108.6817°E, 1206 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 22. VII. 2023, Zhuojian Gu, GXNU 2300350 [GXNU] .</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Head outline rounded in full-face view (unique among Chinese congeners); (2) ventrolateral portion of head smooth and shining; (3) propodeal dorsum without eumetanotal spines; (4) the lateral and dorsal surfaces of mesosoma with irregular, coarse rugoreticulae.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Comparing to other Myrmecina species, M. globicephala Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. head shape similar to M. breviata and M. dolichothrix from Philippine. Head with broad, shallow longitudinal rugae and sparse piligerous puncta in M. globicephala Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. (vs. head without striae in M. breviata); Mesosomal dorsum with waved rugae in M. globicephala Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. (vs. with transverse striae in M. dolichothrix).</p><p>Worker measurements.</p><p>(N = 1). HL 0.75, HW 0.82, CI 109, SL 0.65, SI 80, ED 0.11, MSL 0.89, PW 0.50, PL 0.21, PH 0.14, DPW 0.20, LPI 66, DPI 97, GL 0.83, TL 3.29.</p><p>Worker description.</p><p>Head. In full-face view, head subcircular, broader than long, with evenly convex lateral and posterior margins, posterior corners broadly rounded. Mandibles with 7 teeth: apical tooth broad, teeth 2–5 subequal in size, sub-basal tooth stout and blunt, basal tooth inconspicuous. Clypeus projecting anteriorly, anterior margin arcuately emarginate, with stout lateral teeth and a single small median denticle. Frontal lobes broad and flat, not expanded laterally, diverging posteriorly. Antennae 12 - segmented, scapes long, extending beyond posterior margin of head. Eyes relatively well-developed, composed of 20–22 ommatidia. Mesosoma. In lateral view, dorsal outline evenly arched; eumetanotal spines absent. Propodeal spines robust and elongate, approximately 1.2 times longer than their basal width, weakly upturned apically. Propodeal spiracle small, slit-shaped, positioned far from propodeal declivity (distance to declivity&gt; 8 times spiracle diameter). In dorsal view, pronotum convex anteriorly, with prominent humeral corners; lateral margins gradually converging posteriorly. Propodeal spines stout and straight, directed posteriorly and slightly laterally; propodeal spines length half of the distance between their apices; the distance of inter-spinal slightly wider than petiole. Metasoma. In lateral view, petiole higher than long, with a prominent median denticulate projection dorsally; ventral margin flat. Postpetiole dorsally convex, lacking anterodorsal corner; ventral margin shallowly concave anteriorly. In dorsal view, postpetiole approximately 1.2 times wider than long, anterolateral corners broadly rounded (not angular); gaster lacking humeral corners. Sculpture. Head with broad, shallow longitudinal rugae and sparse piligerous puncta, shining; ventrolateral portion of head smooth and shining. Antennal scapes smooth and shining, except for piligerous puncta. Mesosoma with coarse rugoreticulate sculpture dorsally and laterally. Petiole laterally carinate, dorsally with faint rugae; postpetiole dorsally with shallow wrinkles. Gaster smooth and shining. Pilosity and pubescence. Body densely covered with erect hairs; pubescence absents, except on apical three antennal segments. Coloration. Body black, except for reddish-brown anterior head margin and posterior margins of gastral segments; antennae and legs reddish-brown, except for antennal club and tarsi yellowish-brown.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet “ globicephala ” is a compound Latinized adjective derived from the Greek roots “ globo- ” (γλοβός, globós, “ sphere, ball ”) and “ - cephala ” (κεφαλή, kephal ḗ, “head”), meaning “ globular-headed ” or “ spherical-headed. ” The name refers to the species’ distinctive rounded head shape, which is a key diagnostic character distinguishing it from related Myrmecina taxa.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Guangxi.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7FA4A8C14AE359CC8D644B00FF2E1108	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
756AA157AA5E5BC2A48ECC8DF96399B5.text	756AA157AA5E5BC2A48ECC8DF96399B5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina graminicola (Latreille 1802)	<div><p>Myrmecina graminicola (Latreille, 1802)</p><p>Fig. 36</p><p>Formica graminicola Latreille, 1802: 255 (w. q. m.) DENMARK.</p><p>Myrmecina latreillii Curtis, 1829: 265 (m.) GREAT BRITAIN. Curtis 1854: 219 (q.). Junior synonym of graminicola: Mayr 1855: 421.</p><p>Myrmica striatula Nylander, 1849: 40 (w.) RUSSIA. Subspecies of graminicola: Emery 1898: 131. Junior synonym of graminicola: Mayr 1855: 421.</p><p>Myrmica bidens Foerster, 1850: 50 (w. q.) GERMANY. Schenck 1852: 95 (m.). Junior synonym of graminicola: Mayr 1855: 421.</p><p>Myrmecina kutteri Forel, 1914: 1 (w.) ITALY. Subspecies of graminicola: Emery 1916: 171. Junior synonym of graminicola: Brown 1951: 106.</p><p>Myrmecina graminicola var. grouvellei Bondroit, 1918: 116, fig. 58 (w.) FRANCE. Junior synonym of graminicola: Müller 1923: 81.</p><p>Myrmecina graminicola subsp. gotlandica Karavaiev, 1930: 146 (w.) SWEDEN. Junior synonym of graminicola: Rigato 1999: 86.</p><p>Myrmecina graminicola subsp. oelandica Karavaiev, 1930: 146 (w. q.) SWEDEN. Junior synonym of graminicola: Rigato 1999: 86.</p><p>Myrmecina graminicola var. dentata Santschi, 1939: 77 (w.) TUNISIA. Junior synonym of graminicola: Rigato 1999: 86.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>High-resolution images of the syntype of M. graminicola dentata (https://www.antweb.org, CASENT 0913028, photographed by Will Ericson), of the holotype of M. graminicola gotlandica (https://www.antweb.org/, CASENT 0917028, photographed by Kate Martynova), of the syntype of M. graminicola oelandica (https://www.antweb.org/, CASENT 0917029, photographed by Kate Martynova) were reviewed. Non-type. • 3 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=112.7228&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.9249" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 112.7228/lat 24.9249)">Dadongshan</a>, Guangdong, China, 24.9249°N, 112.7228°E, 653 m, 26. VIII. 2023, Xiaoyun Liang, GXNU 2302646 .</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Antennal scape base dorsoventrally flattened (appearing equally wide at basal bend and apex in dorsal view, unlike the cylindrical, gradually thickening scape of related species); (2) body sculpture coarse, with pronounced rugae on head and mesosoma; (3) body color dark brown to black, typically with reddish-brown highlights on clypeus, mesosoma sides, pedicel, and gastral segments II – IV, and bright ferruginous appendages; (4) anteropropodeal processes developed into a sharp tooth in profile; and (5) longer, more erect pilosity compared to M. melonii (though some Greek specimens exhibit intermediate states).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Guangxi, Guangdong, Zhejiang; UK, DENMARK, Germany, RUSSIA.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Unfortunately, to date, we have not been able to examine the type specimens or high-resolution images of the type of M. graminicola, and have only reviewed photographs of three type subspecies of workers: the specimen of M. graminicola dentata (https://www.antweb.org, CASENT 0913028, photographed by Will Ericson), the holotype of M. graminicola gotlandica (https://www.antweb.org/, CASENT 0917028, photographed by Kate Martynova), and M. graminicola oelandica (https://www.antweb.org/, CASENT 0917029, photographed by Kate Martynova). All three subspecies have been synonymized under M. graminicola by Rigato (1999), and the high-resolution images of these specimens reveal no meaningful morphological differences, confirming they represent the same species. The morphology of specimens from our collection fully matches these specimens in morphological features, and if their original descriptions were scientifically valid — meaning they are indeed synonyms of M. graminicola — then the presence of M. graminicola (Latreille) (Guangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Zhejiang), and subspecies M. graminicola sinensis Wheeler (Guangxi, Liaoning, Zhejiang) in China is also confirmed (Guénard and Dunn 2012). We hope future comprehensive revisions of this genus by other myrmecologists will provide a more rigorous taxonomic diagnosis for M. graminicola .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/756AA157AA5E5BC2A48ECC8DF96399B5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
84FD360DAC3650E88471836D25C9BFF4.text	84FD360DAC3650E88471836D25C9BFF4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina guangxiensis Zhou 2001	<div><p>Myrmecina guangxiensis Zhou, 2001</p><p>Fig. 37</p><p>Myrmecina guangxiensis Zhou, 2001: 139, 237, figs 275, 276 (w.) CHINA.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype. • worker, Huashuichong, Guangxi, China, secondary forest, leaf litter, 01. IX. 1998, Shanyi Zhou . Paratypes. • 4 workers, Dapingshan, Guangxi, China, 18. IX. 1998, John R Fellowes . Non-type. • 5 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.185&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.1083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.185/lat 24.1083)">Dayaoshan</a>, Guangxi, China, 24.1083°N, 110.1850°E, 1173 m, 16. VIII. 2021, Defu Chen, GXNU 212989 ; • 3 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.185&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.1083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.185/lat 24.1083)">Huapincun</a>, Guangxi, China, 24.1083°N, 110.1850°E, 997 m, 19. VII. 2021, Benann Zhang, GXNU 210267 .</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Head with convex sides and slightly concave occipital margin; (2) lateral margins of clypeus raised into a sharp ridge, connected with the front ridge of the antennal torulus; (3) mandibles smooth, with apical and preapical teeth plus 5–6 indistinct denticles; (4) antennal scapes short (SI 83), not reaching occipital corners; (5) eyes small, composed of 6–10 ommatidia; (6) mesosoma with anteriorly diverging rugae; propodeal spines triangular, broad-based and straight backward (not upturned); (7) petiole short, sculptured, not expanded anteriorly in dorsal view; (8) postpetiole slightly broader anteriorly, with the dorsal anterior portion smooth and shining.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Guangxi, Hunan, Yunnan; VIETNAM.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/84FD360DAC3650E88471836D25C9BFF4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
FB76CC5522E65A30830824C6D2EF0695.text	FB76CC5522E65A30830824C6D2EF0695.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina hamula Zhou, Huang, Ma 2008	<div><p>Myrmecina hamula Zhou, Huang, Ma, 2008</p><p>Fig. 38</p><p>Myrmecina hamula Zhou, Huang &amp; Ma, 2008: 288, figs 4–6 (w.) CHINA.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype. • worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.4667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.9159" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.4667/lat 25.9159)">Nonggang</a>, Guangxi, CHINA 22.1833°N, 106.9833°E, 23. V. 1998, secondary forest, leaf litter, John R Fellowes . Non-type. • 2 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.4667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.9159" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.4667/lat 25.9159)">Maoershan</a>, Guangxi, China, 25.9153°N, 110.4661°E, 1973 m, 07. VIII. 2020, Chunxuan Luo, GXNU 202223 ; • 4 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.4667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.9159" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.4667/lat 25.9159)">Maoershan</a>, Guangxi, China, 25.9154°N, 110.4662°E, 1972 m, 07. VIII. 2020, Chunxuan Luo, GXNU 202214 ; • 1 worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.4667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.9159" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.4667/lat 25.9159)">Maoershan</a>, Guangxi, China, 25.9155°N, 110.4663°E, 1967 m, 07. VIII. 2020, Chunxuan Luo, GXNU 202217 ; • 3 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.4667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.9159" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.4667/lat 25.9159)">Maoershan</a>, Guangxi, China, 25.9156°N, 110.4664°E, 1956 m, 07. VIII. 2020, Yuqing He, GXNU 202304 ; • 7 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.4667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.9159" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.4667/lat 25.9159)">Maoershan</a>, Guangxi, China, 25.9157°N, 110.4665°E, 1970 m, 08. VIII. 2020, Danni Chen, GXNU 202394 ; • 3 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.4667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.9159" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.4667/lat 25.9159)">Maoershan</a>, Guangxi, 25.9158°N, 110.4666°E, 1975 m, 08. VIII. 2020, Danni Chen, GXNU 202396 ; • 5 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.4667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.9159" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.4667/lat 25.9159)">Maoershan</a>, Guangxi, China, 25.9159°N, 110.4667°E, 1714 m, 15. VII. 2019, Chunxuan Luo, GXNU 192984 .</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>Hooked propodeal spines (apices strongly recurved outward, forming distinct small hooks).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Guangxi, Shaanxi.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB76CC5522E65A30830824C6D2EF0695	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
9CB2241FB3A05E83B0812A24B94E159C.text	9CB2241FB3A05E83B0812A24B94E159C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina hirsuta Gu & Chen 2025	<div><p>Myrmecina hirsuta Gu &amp; Chen sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 39</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype. • worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.4152&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.0319" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.4152/lat 30.0319)">Qiandaohu</a>, Zhejiang, China, 30.0319°N, 119.4152°E, 550 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 04. VII. 2018, Yuhao Zhao, GXNU 179961 [GXNU] . Paratype. • 1 worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.4152&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.0319" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.4152/lat 30.0319)">Qiandaohu</a>, Zhejiang, China, 30.0319°N, 119.4152°E, 550 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 10. VII. 2017, Yuhao Zhao, GXNU 179962 ; • 1 worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.4152&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.0319" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.4152/lat 30.0319)">Qiandaohu</a>, Zhejiang, China, 30.0319°N, 119.4152°E, 550 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 18. VII. 2017, Yuhao Zhao, GXNU 179963 ; • 1 worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.4152&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.0319" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.4152/lat 30.0319)">Qiandaohu</a>, Zhejiang, China, 30.0319°N, 119.4152°E, 550 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 03. VIII. 2017, Yuhao Zhao, GXNU 179964 ; • 1 worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.4152&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.0319" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.4152/lat 30.0319)">Qiandaohu</a>, Zhejiang, China, 30.0319°N, 119.4152°E, 550 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 04. VII. 2018, Yuhao Zhao, GXNU 179965 [3 workers, GXNU; 1 worker, IZCAS] .</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Eyes exceptionally large, composed of 37–40 ommatidia, exceeding the count in most congeners; (2) body with dense, long erect hairs, particularly elongated on the mesosoma.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>M. hirsuta Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is characterized by its subquadrate head with weakly convex lateral margins, exceptionally large eyes composed of 37–40 ommatidia, distinctive longitudinal sinuous rugae on the head dorsum, and dense body pilosity with elongated erect hairs on the mesosoma, key diagnostic features distinguishing it from closely related taxa. It most closely resembles M. pierceae but can be readily distinguished by the following combination of characters: (1) the head of M. hirsuta Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is subquadrate (width ≈ length), with weakly convex lateral margins and a medially shallowly concave posterior margin bordered by a faint carina, while the head of M. pierceae is subrectangular (CI 100), with a weakly concave median occipital portion and rounded occipital corners; (2) the dorsal surface of the head in M. hirsuta Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. bears distinctive longitudinal, sinuous rugae, whereas M. pierceae exhibits thin longitudinal rugae that curve toward the occipital corners; (3) the eyes of M. hirsuta Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. are exceptionally large (37–40 ommatidia), significantly exceeding the small eyes (10 ommatidia) of M. pierceae; (4) the antennal scapes of M. hirsuta Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. extend just to the posterior corners of the head in full-face view, while those of M. pierceae are shorter and do not reach the posterolateral corners; (5) the mesosoma of M. hirsuta Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. features a bluntly denticulate eumetanotal spines and robust, weakly upturned propodeal spines (length subequal to their basal width), whereas M. pierceae has a pair of vestigial eumetanotal spine (visible as a small denticle) and short, triangular propodeal spines directed posteriorly; (6) the postpetiole of M. hirsuta Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is broadly U-shaped in dorsal view and lacks anterolateral corners, while in M. pierceae it is rectangular and with anterolateral corners; (7) the body of M. hirsuta Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. displays dense, elongated erect hairs, particularly on the mesosoma, while the body of M. pierceae displays uniformly short erect pilosity. In addition, comparing to other Myrmecina species, M. hirsuta Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is similar to M. macrops from Malaysia. mesosomal dorsum with straight longitudinal striae in M. hirsuta Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. (vs. mesosomal dorsum with waved longitudinal rugae in M. macrops) and postpetiole with longitudinal striae in M. hirsuta Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. (vs. postpetiole without longitudinal striae in M. macrops).</p><p>Worker measurements.</p><p>(N = 4). HL 0.78–0.83, HW 0.88–0.92, CI 107–111, SL 0.59–0.63, SI 66–68, ED 0.11–0.12, MSL 0.83–0.86 PW 0.60–0.62, PL 0.24–0.26, PH 0.25–0.27, DPW 0.23–0.25, LPI 103–106, DPI 92–96, GL 1.24–1.33, TL 3.70–3.76.</p><p>Worker description.</p><p>Head. In full-face view, head subquadrate, slightly broader than long, with weakly convex lateral margins and nearly straight (somewhat medially shallowly concave) posterior margin. Mandibles with 6 teeth: apical and subapical teeth robust, teeth 3–5 relatively small, basal tooth broader and blunter than teeth 3 and 4. Clypeus projecting beyond anterior head margin, its anterior margin arcuately emarginate, with stout lateral teeth and a transverse median prominence (non-denticulate). Frontal lobes well-developed, flattened and laterally expanded. Antennae 12 - segmented, scapes extending just to the posterior corners of head in full-face view. In lateral view, eyes well-developed, composed of 37–40 ommatidia. Mesosoma. In lateral view, mesosoma stout and short, dorsal outline convex, eumetanotal spines bluntly denticulate. Propodeal spines robust, length subequal to their basal width, weakly upturned apically. Propodeal spiracle large, positioned close to the propodeal declivity, distance to propodeal declivity equal to spiracle diameter. In dorsal view, pronotum convex anteriorly, humeral corners prominent; lateral margins gradually converging posteriorly toward the eumetanotal spines, which blunt and laterally denticulate. Propodeal spines short, directed posterolaterally, their apices slightly outwardly curved; spine length equal to 1 / 3 the distance between their apices. Inter-spinal distance greater than petiolar width and slightly less than postpetiolar width. Metasoma. In lateral view, petiole as long as high, with a triangular denticulate projection posterodorsally; ventral margin straight, anteroventral corner angulate. Postpetiole dorsally convex, anterior margin sloping, with a distinct anterodorsal corner; ventral margin short, anteroventral corner weakly denticulate; gaster ovoid. In dorsal view, postpetiole U-shaped, lacking anterolateral corners; gaster circular, without humeral corners. Sculpture. Mandibles smooth and shining, except for short longitudinal striae basolaterally. Head in full-face view with longitudinal, sinuous rugae, except for clypeus and medial portion between and frontal lobes smooth and shining. Lateroventral portion of head smooth and shining. Antennal scapes with longitudinal striae ventroapically, otherwise smooth and shining, except for piligerous puncta. Mesosoma laterally with oblique, posteriorly ascending carinae; dorsum with about 12 longitudinal carinae converging posteriorly (sometimes intersecting); 2–3 transverse carinae present between eumetanotal spines. Petiole and postpetiole with weaker, shorter longitudinal carinae than mesosoma. Gaster smooth and shining. Pilosity and pubescence. Body densely covered with erect long hairs, those on mesosoma longer than on head. Pubescence restricted to apical two segments of antennae. Coloration. Mandibles, antennae, and legs reddish-brown, except antennal club dark yellowish-brown. Body predominantly black, with anterior margin of head and gastral apex reddish-brown.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet “ hirsuta ” is a Latin adjective meaning “hairy” or “bristly”, referring to the remarkably dense pilosity covering the body of this species, particularly notable on the dorsum of the head, mesosoma, and gaster. The name highlights one of the most distinctive diagnostic traits of this taxon compared to congeners.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Zhejiang.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9CB2241FB3A05E83B0812A24B94E159C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
97C854CF688A59B3A998646B21A94302.text	97C854CF688A59B3A998646B21A94302.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina jiachengi Gu & Chen 2025	<div><p>Myrmecina jiachengi Gu &amp; Chen sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 40</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype. • worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.7894&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.0207" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.7894/lat 34.0207)">Shifushi</a>, Changanqu, Xian, Shaanxi, China, 34.0207°N, 108.7894°E, 5560 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 10. VI. 2019, Jiacheng Zhang, GXNU 19400156 [GXNU] . Paratypes. • 5 workers, with the same collection data as the holotype [4 worker, GXNU; 1 worker, IZCAS] .</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Nearly the entire head (except smooth medial frons) and mesosoma with coarse reticulation, a unique feature among Chinese Myrmecina (which typically exhibit longitudinal striae, rugae, or smooth surfaces); (2) anterolateral clypeal projections and arcuately concave anterior clypeal margin with a median denticle; (3) conical anterior pronotal projection and stout propodeal spines (basal width&gt; length), directed posterodorsally with upturned apices; (4) petiole much higher than long, with steep anterior face, concave posterior face, and a distinct subpetiolar process; (5) large eyes (&gt; 20 ommatidia).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>M. jiachengi Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is unambiguously distinguished from all other Chinese Myrmecina species — which typically exhibit longitudinal striae, rugae, or smooth surfaces — by its unique coarse reticulations covering nearly the entire head (except the smooth medial frons) and mesosoma. The only congener sharing this reticulate sculpturing pattern, M. dasynota, differs markedly in multiple traits: (1) M. jiachengi Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. possesses anterolateral clypeal projections and an arcuately concave anterior clypeal margin bearing a median denticle, contrasting with M. dasynota ’ s straight, denticle-free clypeal margin and absence of lateral projections; (2) the mesosoma of M. jiachengi Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. features stout propodeal spines (basal width&gt; length) directed posterodorsally with upturned apices, and a small propodeal spiracle (diameter 1 / 3 of distance to propodeal declivity), whereas M. dasynota with a slender, laterally directed spines (length&gt; basal width), and a proportionally larger spiracle (diameter approximately 1 / 2 of distance to propodeal declivity); (3) the petiole of M. jiachengi Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. much higher than long, with a steep anterior face, concave posterior face, and distinct subpetiolar process, while the petiole of M. dasynota is subequal in height and length, with gentle slopes and a reduced subpetiolar process; (4) the eyes of M. jiachengi Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. larger (&gt; 20 ommatidia), while eyes of M. dasynota smaller (≤ 15 ommatidia). The combination of these morphological and sculptural traits provides unequivocal diagnostic separation from all regional congeners.</p><p>Worker measurements.</p><p>(N = 5). HL 0.56–0.62, HW 0.56–0.61, CI 93–97, SL 0.45–0.47, SI 78–83, ED 0.06–0.07, MSL 0.68–0.72, PW 0.40–0.44, PL 0.16–0.18, PH 0.17–0.20, DPW 0.17–0.18, LPI 104–106, DPI 100–102, GL 0.84–0.91, TL 2.54–2.61.</p><p>Worker description.</p><p>Head. In full-face view, head subquadrate, lateral margins nearly parallel and posterior margin arcuately concave; posterolateral corners rounded. Mandibles with 8 teeth: apical two teeth robust, teeth 3–7 small but distinct, basal tooth larger than teeth 3–7 but distinctly smaller than apical tooth, with a denticle near inner margin. Clypeus with prominent anterolateral projections and arcuately concave anterior margin bearing a median denticle. Frontal lobes strongly laterally expanded. Antennae 12 - segmented, scapes reaching posterolateral corners. Eyes relatively large, composed of&gt; 20 ommatidia. Mesosoma. In lateral view, propodeum stout, dorsum convex, eumetanotal spines inconspicuous. Propodeal spines robust, basal width greater than long, directed posterodorsally with apices slightly upturned. Propodeal spiracle small, its maximum diameter equal to 1 / 3 of its distance to propodeal declivity. In dorsal view, pronotum with prominent humeral corners; lateral margins nearly straight, converging posteriorly to propodeal spine bases. Propodeal spines stout, directed posterolaterally, length &lt;1 / 3 of inter-spinal distance. Metasoma. In lateral view, petiole much higher than long, with triangular dorsal projection (anterior face steep, posterior face concave); subpetiolar process distinct, ventral margin shallowly concave. Gaster ovoid in shape. In dorsal view, both petiole and postpetiole wider than long; postpetiole with rounded anterodorsal corners and obtuse posterodorsal corners. Gaster with straight anterior margin and distinct anterolateral corners. Sculpture. Mandibles with two longitudinal grooves (inner wider than outer), otherwise smooth and shining. Clypeus smooth and shining. Scapes with dense longitudinal rugae. Head with coarse reticulations except smooth and shining medial area between frontal lobes. Lateroventral area of head with faint striae, generally smooth and shining. Mesosoma with coarse reticulations, pronotal sides with partial longitudinal striae ventrally. Petiole with longitudinal rugae; gaster smooth and shining. Pilosity and pubescence. Body with moderately dense erect hairs. Pubescence limited to antennal club. Coloration. Head black; mesosoma black dorsally, reddish-brown posterolaterally. Petiole and gaster reddish-brown to black, gaster predominantly black. Mandibles, antennae and legs yellowish-brown to reddish-brown.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The species epithet “ jiachengi ” is a Latinized noun in the genitive case, derived from the given name “ Jiacheng ” of the collector, Mr. Jiacheng Zhang. The name is proposed to honor Mr. Zhang’s invaluable contribution in collecting the type series of this new species, thereby recognizing his pivotal role in its discovery.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Shaanxi.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/97C854CF688A59B3A998646B21A94302	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
C96B8ED51A1F5450ADA472417B8A58EA.text	C96B8ED51A1F5450ADA472417B8A58EA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina kaigong Terayama 2009	<div><p>Myrmecina kaigong Terayama, 2009</p><p>Fig. 41</p><p>Myrmecina kaigong Terayama, 2009: 188, figs 252, 253 (w.) TAIWAN.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Unexamined. High-resolution images of the holotype of M. kaigong (http://www.niaes.affrc.go.jp/inventory/insect/inssys/hymlst.htm, HYM- 206, photographed by Hiraku Yoshitake &amp; Takashi Kurihara) were reviewed.</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) 12 - segmented antennae; (2) head with about 20 evenly spaced, thick straight rugae on the vertex (genal area smooth); (3) clypeal anterior margin straight, lacking a median denticle; (4) mesosomal dorsum with about 12 uniform longitudinal rugae (lacking deeper primary striae); (5) short triangular propodeal spines directed posteriorly; (6) petiole with a distinct dull mid-dorsal angle; (7) gastral tergite I completely smooth; (8) small body size (TL 2.2). It differs from similar species like M. flavipeda Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. (which has deeper primary mesosomal striae and a clypeal denticle) and M. taiwana (with longer, upturned propodeal spines) by these consistent traits.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Taiwan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C96B8ED51A1F5450ADA472417B8A58EA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
E14C9D89E71D5781BD43BD421D620A02.text	E14C9D89E71D5781BD43BD421D620A02.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina laevidorsa Gu & Chen 2025	<div><p>Myrmecina laevidorsa Gu &amp; Chen sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 42</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype. • worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.4146&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.881" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.4146/lat 26.881)">Maoershan</a>, Guangxi, China, 26.8810°N, 110.4146°E, 1551 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 09. VIII. 2020, Zhilin Chen, GXNU 20002688 [GXNU] . Paratypes. • 3 workers, with the same collection data as the holotype [2 worker, GXNU; 1 worker, IZCAS] .</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Eyes small, composed of 4–6 ommatidia; (2) densely punctate over most of head surface except for smooth and shining medial frons, clypeus and lateroventral portions; (3) mesosomal dorsum completely smooth and shining; (4) propodeal spiracle unusually large, diameter approximately twice as its distance to propodeal declivity; (5) propodeal spines slender, posteriorly directed, length about 1 / 3 the distance between their apices; (6) predominantly yellowish-brown body, with dark brown posterior head and mid-gaster.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>M. laevidorsa Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov is characterized by its completely smooth and shining mesosomal dorsum, a key diagnostic feature that distinguishes it from closely related taxa. It most closely resembles M. breviata but can be readily distinguished by the following combination of characters: (1) the head of M. laevidorsa Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is rectangular, with nearly parallel lateral margins and medially concave posterior margin, while the head of M. breviata is subquadrate, with convex lateral margins and straight to weakly convex posterior margin; (2) the cephalic sculpture of M. laevidorsa Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is densely punctate except for smooth medial frons and clypeus, whereas M. breviata exhibits longitudinal rugae across the entire dorsum of head; (3) the mesosomal dorsum of M. laevidorsa Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is smooth and shining, contrasting with M. breviata ’ s weakly carinate pronotum and mesonotum. (4) the propodeal spiracle of M. laevidorsa Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is exceptionally large (diameter twice its distance to declivity), compared to M. breviata ’ s smaller spiracle (diameter ≤ 1 / 6 × the distance); (5) the postpetiole of M. laevidorsa Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is rectangular, with distinct anteroventral corners, versus M. breviata ’ s more globular postpetiole with less-defined corners; (6) the eyes of M. laevidorsa Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. extremely reduced (4–6 ommatidia) compared to M. breviata (typically 10–12 ommatidia).</p><p>Worker measurements.</p><p>(N = 3). HL 0.44–0.46, HW 0.40–0.42, CI 90–93, SL 0.31–0.35, SI 76–78, ED 0.02–0.03, MSL 0.52–0.54, PW 0.27–0.29, PL 0.13–0.15, PH 0.14–0.16, DPW 0.12–0.14, LPI 106–108, DPI 92–96, GL 0.64–0.67, TL 2.08–2.12.</p><p>Worker description.</p><p>Head. In full-face view, head distinctly rectangular, longer than broad, lateral margins nearly parallel, posterior margin medially concave, posterolateral corners rounded. Mandibular masticatory margin bearing 8–9 teeth: apical two teeth 1–2 robust, teeth 3–6 small and uniform in size, aligned on the same line as the major teeth; teeth 7–8 slightly larger than 3–6 but lower in height; basal tooth indistinct or occasionally absent. Clypeal anterior margin nearly straight, lacking a median denticle. Frontal lobes thin, subtranslucent, and slightly laterally expanded. Antennae 12 - segmented, scapes barely reaching posterolateral corners of head. Eyes small, composed of 4–6 ommatidia. Mesosoma. In lateral view, dorsal outline of mesosoma weakly convex; eumetanotal spines inconspicuous. Propodeal spines slightly longer than their basal width, directed posteriorly. Propodeal spiracle large, circular, diameter twice as its distance to propodeal declivity. In dorsal view, anterior pronotal margin evenly convex, humeral corners prominent; pronotum slightly broader anteriorly than posteriorly; mesonotum abruptly constricted posteriorly. Propodeum with a transverse carina anteriorly; propodeal spines slender, directed posteriorly, length approximately 1 / 3 the distance between their apices. Metasoma. In lateral view, petiole slightly higher than long, dorsum with a triangular projection; ventral margin almost straight, anteroventral corner rounded. Postpetiole rectangular, anteroventral corner angulate, posteroventral corner angular; gaster ovoid. In dorsal view, petiolar dorsum carinate; postpetiole broader anteriorly, with distinct rounded anterodorsal corners; gaster with prominent anterolateral corners. Sculpture. Mandibles, clypeus, and median frons smooth and shining; remainder of head densely punctate, except lateroventral portions smooth and shining. Mesopleura with shallow puncta and weak rugae; rest of mesosoma dorsally and laterally smooth and shining. Petiole laterally with 2–3 weak carinae. Postpetiole anteriorly smooth and shining, posteriorly with longitudinal rugae; gaster entirely smooth, except for short basal striae near insertion. Pilosity and pubescence. Body densely covered with short erect hairs; pubescence absents, except on antennal club. Coloration. Body predominantly yellowish-brown; posterior head and mid-gaster dark brown. Mandibles and appendages yellow.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet “ laevidorsa ” is a Latin compound adjective derived from “ laevis ” (smooth) and “ dorsum ” (back), referring to the characteristically smooth and unsculptured dorsal surface of the mesosoma, a key diagnostic feature distinguishing this species from its congeners.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Guangxi.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E14C9D89E71D5781BD43BD421D620A02	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
C3F0C36A0E395BE9AB0FFECDF84B0DA4.text	C3F0C36A0E395BE9AB0FFECDF84B0DA4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina pauca Huang, Huang & Zhou 2008	<div><p>Myrmecina pauca Huang, Huang &amp; Zhou, 2008</p><p>Fig. 43</p><p>Myrmecina pauca Huang, Huang &amp; Zhou, 2008: 275, figs 1–6 (w. q.) CHINA.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype. • worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=113.75&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.0333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 113.75/lat 26.0333)">Bamianshan</a>, Hunan, China, 26.0333°N, 113.7500°E, secondary forest, leaf litter, 1300 m, 14. VI. 2004, Jianhua Huang . Paratypes. • 3 workers, from the same collection date as holotype . Non-type. • 4 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.0864&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.1356" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.0864/lat 24.1356)">Dayaoshan</a>, Guangxi, China, 24.1356°N, 110.0864°E, 624 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 26. VI. 2021, Yulin Xie, GXNU 201857 ; • 4 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.4697&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.8983" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.4697/lat 25.8983)">Maoershan</a>, Guangxi, China, 25.8983°N, 110.4697°E, 1100 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 16. VII. 2020, Chunxuan Luo, GXNU 203468 ; • 5 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.4697&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.8983" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.4697/lat 25.8983)">Maoershan</a>, Guangxi, China, 25.8983°N, 110.4697°E, 1100 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 15. VII. 2020, Chunxuan Luo, GXNU 203356 ; • 3 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.4697&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.8983" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.4697/lat 25.8983)">Maoershan</a>, Guangxi, China, 25.8983°N, 110.4697°E, 1100 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 16. VII. 2020, Chunxuan Luo, GXNU 203399 ; • 2 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.4697&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.8983" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.4697/lat 25.8983)">Maoershan</a>, Guangxi, China, 25.8983°N, 110.4697°E, 1100 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 16. VII. 2020, Chunxuan Luo, GXNU 203458 .</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>Antenna 11 - segmented (unique among Myrmecina species).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Guangxi, Hunan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C3F0C36A0E395BE9AB0FFECDF84B0DA4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
135CACCCFB585BD0A9173781447ABAC9.text	135CACCCFB585BD0A9173781447ABAC9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina pierceae Liu 2022	<div><p>Myrmecina pierceae Liu, 2022</p><p>Fig. 44</p><p>Myrmecina pierceae Liu, 2022: 160, fig. 5 (w.) CHINA.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Unexamined. High-resolution images of the holotype from Liu et al. (2022) were reviewed.</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Propodeal spines triangular, shorter than their basal width, posteriorly directed; (2) petiole node subrectangular in dorsal view (1.5 × longer than width); (3) head with thin longitudinal rugae, curving toward occipital corners; ventrolateral portion smooth and shining (1–2 rugae visible laterally); (4) clypeus smooth, anterior margin concave, with median process; (5) gaster entirely smooth and shining; (6) mesosoma and metasoma with coarse longitudinal rugae dorsally, oblique and irregular laterally; (7) body black, with yellowish-brown mandibles, antennae, and legs.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Yunnan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/135CACCCFB585BD0A9173781447ABAC9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
CF0194EB040C53078E4989ABFDE437AC.text	CF0194EB040C53078E4989ABFDE437AC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina planiclypea Gu & Chen 2025	<div><p>Myrmecina planiclypea Gu &amp; Chen sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 45</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype. • worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.2908&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.081" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.2908/lat 25.081)">Guilin</a>, Guangxi, China, 25.0810°N, 110.2908°E, 145 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 10. VI. 2018, Zhilin Chen, GXNU 180016 [GXNU] . Paratypes. • 4 workers and 1 queen, with the same collection data as the holotype [3 workers and 1 queen, GXNU; 1 worker, IZCAS] .</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Head subquadrate, lateral margins nearly parallel and posterior margin arcuately concave; (2) mandibles with 7 distinct teeth, including 2 robust apical and subapical teeth, and a prominent basal denticle; (3) clypeus with a straight anterior margin, lacking a median denticle; (4) antennal scapes nearly reaching posterolateral corners; (5) eyes medium-sized, 10–12 ommatidia; (6) propodeal spines robust and acute, subequal in length to basal width, apices weakly curved outward; (7) anterolateral pronotal corners strongly convex, with prominent humeral corners; (8) mesosoma with longitudinal rugae and short oblique branches.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>M. planiclypea Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is most closely resembles M. guangxiensis but can be readily distinguished by the following combination of characters: (1) the lateroventral portion of the head in M. planiclypea Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. bears longitudinal rugae that become sparser posteriorly, whereas M. guangxiensis exhibits irregular striations on the sides and reticulate occipital corners; (2) anterior clypeal margin in M. planiclypea Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is straight, without a median denticle, contrasting with clypeal margin in M. guangxiensis is concave, with a median denticle; (3) the eyes of M. planiclypea Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. are medium-sized (10–12 ommatidia), significantly larger than the very small eyes (4–5 ommatidia) of M. guangxiensis; (4) the propodeal spines of M. planiclypea Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. are robust, acute, and subequal in length to their basal width, with apices weakly curved outward, while those of M. guangxiensis are triangular, broad at the base, and straight without upward curvature; (5) the dorsal mesosoma of M. planiclypea Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. bears longitudinal rugae, with short oblique branches, while M. guangxiensis exhibits two straight longitudinal striations medially and irregular striations laterally; (6) the petiole and postpetiole in M. planiclypea Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. have longitudinal rugae dorsally and laterally, whereas those in M. guangxiensis are shagreened or smooth and shining.</p><p>Worker measurements.</p><p>(N = 5). HL 0.64–0.69, HW 0.62–0.67, CI 93–96, SL 0.64–0.67, SI 102–105, ED 0.08–0.10, MSL 0.72–0.76, PW 0.43–0.44, PL 0.19–0.22, PH 0.16–0.18, DPW 0.15–0.16, LPI 88–92, DPI 79–83, GL 0.91–0.98, TL 2.64–2.88.</p><p>Worker description.</p><p>Head. In full-face view, head subquadrate, lateral margins nearly parallel and posterior margin arcuately concave; posterolateral corners rounded. Mandibles with 7 teeth: apical two teeth robust and acutely pointed, teeth 3–6 small but distinct; basal tooth larger than teeth 3–6, with a prominent denticle near inner margin. Clypeus with straight anterior margin, lacking a median denticle. Frontal lobes weakly laterally expanded. Antennae 12 - segmented, scapes nearly reaching posterolateral corners. Eyes medium-sized, composed of 10–12 ommatidia. Mesosoma. In lateral view, dorsal outline evenly convex, eumetanotal spines small, weakly projecting above dorsal outline. Propodeal spines robust and acute, length subequal to their basal width. Propodeal spiracle large, diameter almost equal to its distance to propodeal declivity. In dorsal view, anterior pronotum strongly convex, with prominent humeral corners; lateral margins gradually converging posteriorly to propodeal spine bases. Propodeal spines directed posteriorly, their apices weakly curved outward. Metasoma. In lateral view, petiole slightly longer than its height, with triangular denticulate projection posterodorsally; ventral margin straight. Postpetiole with nearly straight dorsal margin and distinct anterodorsal corners; anteroventral corner weakly denticulate; gaster ovoid. In dorsal view, petiole rectangular with concave anterior margin and straight lateral margins; postpetiole broader than its length with shallowly concave anterior margin; gaster with distinct anterolateral corners. Sculpture. Mandibles and clypeus smooth and shining, except for one long and one short basal pit on frontal mandibular surface. Head with longitudinal rugae, bearing short branchings (not forming reticulations), except smooth and shining medial frons between frontal carinae. Lateroventral portion of head with longitudinal rugae, becoming sparser posteriorly. Mesosoma with longitudinal rugae bearing short oblique branches (not reticulate). Petiole and postpetiole laterally with longitudinal rugae, dorsally with finer and denser rugae. Gaster smooth and shining. Pilosity and pubescence. Body with moderately dense erect hairs. Pubescence limited to antennal club. Coloration. Anterior head margin, posterior and ventral margins of mesosoma, petiole, pospetiole, and base and posterior of gaster reddish-brown; remainder of body black. Mandibles, clypeus, and antennae reddish-brown, except antennal club and legs yellowish-brown.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet “ planiclypea ” is a Latin compound adjective derived from “ planus ” (flat, level) + “ clypeus ” (referring to the clypeus), meaning “ flat-clypeus ”. This name highlights the diagnostic straight and non-protruding anterior clypeal margin that distinguishes this species from congeners with medially denticulate or concave clypeal structures.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Guangxi.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CF0194EB040C53078E4989ABFDE437AC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
69EA6BA609E35B4981BA7ACEE6248EED.text	69EA6BA609E35B4981BA7ACEE6248EED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina raviwonghei Jaitrong, Samung, Waengsothorn & Okido 2019	<div><p>Myrmecina raviwonghei Jaitrong, Samung, Waengsothorn &amp; Okido, 2019</p><p>Fig. 46</p><p>Myrmecina raviwonghei Jaitrong, Samung, Waengsothorn &amp; Okido, 2019: 3, figs 1–5 (w.) THAILAND.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Unexamined. High-resolution images of the holotype from Jaitrong et al. (2019) were reviewed.</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Clypeus with shallowly concave dorsal face and tridentate median projection on anterior margin; (2) antennal scapes short (SI 71–78), not reaching posterolateral corners of head; (3) eyes extremely reduced (4–6 ommatidia); (3) propodeal spines relatively long; (4) petiole rectangular in dorsal view (PTI 92–100), ventral margin straight, with small anterior denticle; (5) gastral tergite I strongly concave anteriorly and densely punctate, gastral sternite I reticulate; (6) dorsum of head and mesosoma densely punctate-rugose, ventrolateral portion of head with irregular rugae.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Yunnan; THAILAND.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/69EA6BA609E35B4981BA7ACEE6248EED	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
E14F650E8A9059DEA43997F1360494AB.text	E14F650E8A9059DEA43997F1360494AB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina rugosodorsum Gu & Chen 2025	<div><p>Myrmecina rugosodorsum Gu &amp; Chen sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 47</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype. • worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.3897&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.8073" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.3897/lat 29.8073)">Jinyunshan</a>, Chongqing, China, 29.8073°N, 106.3897°E, 550 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 28. VII. 2003, Jianhua Huang, GXNU 030551 [GXNU] .</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Posterolateral corners of head rounded and projecting; (2) clypeus with deeply arcuate anterior margin, bearing a tiny median denticle; (3) eumetanotal spines absent or vestigial; (4) petiole with triangular median dorsal projection and flat ventral margin; (5) postpetiole trapezoidal, lacking anterodorsal corner; (6) coarse irregular rugae on mesosomal dorsum (shared with M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov.), but latter lacks oblique frons rugae and punctate-rugulose lateroventral area of head.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Comparing to other Myrmecina species, M. rugosodorsum Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is most similar to M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. in possessing a rugose mesosomal dorsum and robust propodeal spines, but M. rugosodorsum Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. can be unequivocally distinguished by the following traits: (1) the clypeal anterior margin in M. rugosodorsum Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is deeply and arcuately concave, with a tiny median denticle (vs. the clypeal anterior margin in M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is nearly straight margin, lacking a denticle), though both share projecting anterolateral clypeal corners; (2) posterolateral corners of head of rounded and projecting in M. rugosodorsum Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. (vs. broadly rounded but not projecting in M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov.); (3) eumetanotal spines of M. rugosodorsum Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. absent or extremely reduced (vs. stout, tooth-like, and projecting above dorsal outline in M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov.); (4) interspinal space of propodeal spines of M. rugosodorsum Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. U-shaped (vs. broadly V-shaped in M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov.); (5) petiole with a triangular median dorsal projection and flat ventral margin (vs. posterodorsally directed tooth-like projection and convex ventral margin with subpetiolar process in M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov.); (6) postpetiole lacking an anterodorsal corner and not compressed anteroposteriorly (vs. strongly compressed with straight dorsal margin in M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov.); (7) while both species exhibit coarse irregular rugae on the mesosomal dorsum, M. rugosodorsum Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. lacks the oblique posterolateral rugae on the frons and punctate-rugulose lateroventral head sculpture seen in M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. M. rugosodorsum Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is also similar to M. padangensis from Indonesia, both of them possessing a rugose mesosomal dorsum. length of petiole nearly equal with its height in M. rugosodorsum Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. (vs. the length of petiole approximately 1.5 times longer than its height in M. padangensis).</p><p>Worker measurements.</p><p>(N = 1). HL 0.68, HW 0.63, CI 93, SL 0.57, SI 90, ED 0.09, MSL 0.81, PW 0.45, PL 0.17, PH 0.21, DPW 0.20, LPI 124, DPI 118, GL 0.87, TL 2.89.</p><p>Worker description.</p><p>Head. In full-face view, head rectangular, lateral margins nearly parallel, posterior margin deeply concave medially, posterolateral corners rounded and projecting. Mandibles with 7 teeth on masticatory margin: apical two teeth broad and prominent, teeth 3–6 minute and indistinct, basal tooth larger than teeth 3–6, but distinctly smaller than apical teeth. Clypeus with projecting anterolateral corners, anterior margin of clypeus deeply and arcuately concave, bearing a tiny median denticle. Frontal lobes well-developed, laterally expanded. 12 - segmented, scapes just reaching posterolateral corners. Eyes relatively large, composed of 16–18 ommatidia. Mesosoma. In lateral view, dorsal outline of mesosoma convex, eumetanotal spines absent or extremely reduced. Propodeal spines robust at base, acutely tapered apically, length slightly greater than their basal width. Propodeal spiracle moderate size, its diameter approximately 1 / 2 as its distance to propodeal declivity. In dorsal view, anterior margin of pronotum rounded and convex, anterolateral corners broadly rounded (not angular). Propodeal spines 1.5 times longer than their basal width; interspinal space U-shaped. Metasoma. In lateral view, petiole distinctly higher than long, dorsal margin with a triangular median projection; ventral margin flat. Postpetiole lacking a pronounced anterodorsal angle, not forming a distinct node; sternite trapezoidal. In dorsal view, petiole wider than long; postpetiole lacking anterolateral corners. Gaster oval. Sculpture. Mandibles and clypeus smooth and shining. Head in full-face view with coarse longitudinal rugae; lateroventral portion of head smooth and shining. Mesosomal dorsum with irregular rugae. Petiole and postpetiole with longitudinal striae; gaster smooth and shining. Pilosity and pubescence. Body densely covered with long erect hairs. Appressed pubescence restricted to antennal club. Coloration. Body dark brown to black; mandibles, antennae, and legs yellowish-brown.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet “ rugosodorsum ” is a Latin neuter compound adjective, combining “ rugosus ” (wrinkled or rugose) and “ dorsum ” (the back or dorsum). It refers to the distinctly rugose dorsal surface of the mesosoma, a key diagnostic trait of this species.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Chongqing.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E14F650E8A9059DEA43997F1360494AB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
61C10BAB49625BE7A48F7C5B73657CC6.text	61C10BAB49625BE7A48F7C5B73657CC6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina sauteri Forel 1912	<div><p>Myrmecina sauteri Forel, 1912</p><p>Fig. 48</p><p>Myrmecina sauteri Forel, 1912: 54 (w. q.) CHINA.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>High-resolution images of the syntype (https://www.antweb.org, CASENT 0908954, Will Ericson) were reviewed . Non-type. • 2 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.6817&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.2015" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.6817/lat 25.2015)">Jiuwanshan</a>, Guangxi, China, 25.2015°N, 108.6817°E, 1188 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 26. VII. 2022, Yuqing He, GXNU 221993 ; • 4 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.9447&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.5539" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.9447/lat 25.5539)">Huapincun</a>, Guangxi, China, 25.5539°N, 109.9447°E, 1371 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 01. VIII. 2019, Defu Chen, GXNU 191773 ; • 2 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.2436&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.1697" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.2436/lat 24.1697)">Dayaoshan</a>, Guangxi, China, 24.1697°N, 110.2436°E, 1173 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 16. VII. 2021, Defu Chen, GXNU 212989 .</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Antennae 12 - segmented; (2) lateral portions of clypeus raised into a sharp ridge, connected to the front ridge of the antennal torulus; (3) scapes smooth, appearing shining; (4) postpetiole with anterior portion, nearly as wide as posterior in dorsal view; (5) mesosomal dorsum with dense striae or rugosity; (6) gastral tergite I sculptured.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Guangxi, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Taiwan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/61C10BAB49625BE7A48F7C5B73657CC6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
99ACB097979652CD8614AF2C14B5BE95.text	99ACB097979652CD8614AF2C14B5BE95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina shanyii Gu & Chen 2025	<div><p>Myrmecina shanyii Gu &amp; Chen sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 49</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype. • worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.8463&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.7482" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.8463/lat 18.7482)">Jianfengling</a>, Hainan, China, 18.7482°N, 108.8463°E, 895 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 15. VII. 2023, Xiaoyun Liang, GXNU 230741 [GXNU] . Paratypes. • 6 workers, with the same collection data as the holotype; • 4 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.8491&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.7423" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.8491/lat 18.7423)">Jianfengling</a>, Hainan, China, 18.7423°N, 108.8491°E, 926 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 19. VI. 2024, Benan Zhang, GXNU 240512 [8 workers, GXNU; 1 worker, IZCAS] .</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Head rectangular (CI 101–104), lateral margins rounded and posterolateral corners convex; (2) mandibles with 6–7 teeth, including a basal denticle; (3) anterior margin of clypeus nearly straight, lacking median denticle but bearing distinct anterolateral projections; (4) eumetanotal spines projecting above mesosomal outline; (5) propodeal spines with length equal to their basal width and upturned apices; (6) distinctly compressed postpetiole (height&gt; length) with straight dorsal margin; (7) oblique posterolateral rugae on frons combined with punctate-rugulose lateroventral head sculpture.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is closely resembles M. shixui Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. in sharing rugose antennal scapes, M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. differs markedly from M. shixui Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. through the following diagnostic traits: (1) the head of M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is rectangular (CI 101–104), with convex lateral margins and rounded posterolateral corners (vs. the head of M. shixui Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is subrectangular (CI 95–97), with projecting posterolateral corners); (2) the anterior margin of clypeus in M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. nearly straight, lacking a median denticle (vs. arcuately concave with median denticle in M. shixui Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov.); (3) the eumetanotal spines of M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. projects conspicuously above the dorsal outline (vs. M. shixui Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. lacks such prominence); (4) propodeal spines differ in proportions — length equal to their basal width with upturned tips in M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. (vs. length 2 times basal width and straight in M. shixui Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov.); (5) the postpetiole in M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. exhibits strong anteroposterior compression (height&gt; length) (vs. while height equal to length in M. shixui Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov.); (6) dorsum of head in M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. exhibits rugulose-reticulated (vs. longitudinal striae in M. shixui Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov.); (7) punctate-rugulose lateroventral area of head (vs. faint striae with smooth interspaces in M. shixui Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov.); (8) mesosomal with anterior margin dorsum rugae in M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. (vs. dense parallel longitudinal rugae in M. shixui Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov.).</p><p>Worker measurements.</p><p>(N = 5). HL 0.51–0.56, HW 0.54–0.58, CI 100–104, SL 0.43–0.45, SI 77–78, ED 0.07–0.08, MSL 0.62–0.66, PW 0.39–0.42, PL 0.17–0.18, PH 0.18–0.20, DPW 0.18–0.21, LPI 106–111, DPI 106–116, GL 0.88–0.91, TL 2.61–2.67.</p><p>Worker description.</p><p>Head. In full-face view, head rectangular (length&gt; width), lateral margins slightly convex, posterior margin medially concave; posterolateral corners rounded and prominent. Mandibles with 6–7 teeth: apical two teeth robust; teeth 3–6 indistinct, basal tooth distinct but markedly smaller than apical teeth, with one denticle near inner margin. Clypeus projecting anteriorly beyond head margin, with distinct lateral teeth, anterior margin nearly straight, lacking median denticle. Frontal lobes weakly expanded laterally. Antennae 12 - segmented, scapes just reaching posterolateral corners of head. Eyes medium size, composed of 14–16 ommatidia. Mesosoma. In lateral view, mesosoma convex, eumetanotal spines stout, tooth-like, projecting above dorsal outline. Propodeal spines robust at base, tapering apically, length equal to their basal width, with tips slightly upturned. Propodeal spiracle diameter equal to half its distance to propodeal declivity. In dorsal view, pronotum convex anteriorly with prominent humeral corners; lateral margins gradually converging posteriorly to propodeal spines. Propodeal spines 1.7 times longer than their basal width; inter-spinal space broadly V-shaped. Metasoma. In lateral view, petiole distinctly higher than long, with posterodorsally directed tooth-like projection in middle; ventral margin convex with distinct subpetiolar process. Postpetiole with anterodorsal corner, dorsal margin straight, strongly compressed anteroposteriorly (height much&gt; length). In dorsal view, both petiole and postpetiole wider than long; gaster with nearly straight anterior margin and rounded anterolateral corners. Sculpture. Mandibles and clypeus smooth and shining. Antennal scapes with dense rugae on proximal half, distal half smoother. Dorsum of head rugulose-reticulated; lateroventral area of head punctate-rugulose. Pronotal sides with oblique posterodorsally directed striae; mesopleura and metapleura with longitudinal rugae; mesosomal dorsum with coarse irregular rugae. Petiole and postpetiole with short longitudinal rugae; gaster smooth and shining. Pilosity and pubescence. Body with moderately dense erect hairs. Pubescence restricted to antennal club. Coloration. Predominantly black; genae and mid-lateral portions of gaster with longitudinal reddish-brown bands. Antennae and legs reddish-brown to dark brown.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet is a genitive noun honoring Professor Shanyi Zhou, the renowned myrmecologist from Guangxi Normal University, for his significant contributions to Chinese ant taxonomy. The species name retains Professor Zhou’s personal name “ Shanyi ” in its pinyin romanization with Latin genitive suffix * - i *.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Hainan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/99ACB097979652CD8614AF2C14B5BE95	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
730429A239F554DFB00BA8D471447A84.text	730429A239F554DFB00BA8D471447A84.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina shixui Gu & Chen 2025	<div><p>Myrmecina shixui Gu &amp; Chen sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 50</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype. • worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.7205&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.8701" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.7205/lat 24.8701)">Chenggong Area</a>, Yunnan, China, 24.8701°N, 102.7205°E, 1900 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 17. VI. 2024, Shixu Sun, GXNU 249762 [GXNU] . Paratype. • 3 workers, with the same collection data as the holotype [2 workers, GXNU; 1 worker, IZCAS] .</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Densely rugose antennal scapes; (2) head subrectangular (CI 92–98), posterior margin deeply concave; (3) clypeal margin arcuately concave, bearing a median denticle; (4) propodeal spines slender, 2 times longer than their basal width, with broadly V-shaped inter-spinal space; (5) lateroventral area of head with faint striae and smooth interspaces; dense mesosomal longitudinal rugae.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>M. shixui Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is unambiguously distinguished from all other Chinese Myrmecina species by the characters of densely rugose antennal scapes (a trait shared only with M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. and M. hamula among regional congeners). The species is most similar to M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. but differs markedly in multiple diagnostic traits: (1) the head of M. shixui Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is subrectangular (CI 95–97), with projecting posterolateral corners, clypeal margin arcuately concave, bearing a median denticle, (vs. the head of M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is rectangular (CI 101–104), with rounded corners, clypeal margin straight, denticle-free; (2) while both species share robust propodeal spines, M. shixui Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. exhibits spines 2 times longer than their basal width (vs. length equal to basal width in M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov.); (3) though both species exhibit rugose antennal scapes, M. shixui Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. shows coarse longitudinal frontal rugae (vs. oblique in M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov.); lateroventral head with faint striae and smooth interspaces in M. shixui Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. (vs. punctate-rugulose in M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov.); mesosoma with dense parallel rugae (vs. irregular in M. shanyii Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov.).</p><p>Worker measurements.</p><p>(N = 3). HL 0.62–0.64, HW 0.59–0.62, CI 92–97, SL 0.47–0.48, SI 77–80, ED 0.07–0.08, MSL 0.76–0.80, PW 0.42–0.45, PL 0.17–0.19, PH 0.19–0.20, DPW 0.19–0.20, LPI 104–112, DPI 105–112, GL 0.91–0.98, TL 2.88–2.94.</p><p>Worker description.</p><p>Head. In full-face view, head subrectangular, slightly narrower anteriorly; posterior margin deeply concave medially. Mandibles with 8 teeth: apical two teeth largest, teeth 3–7 minutes, basal tooth larger than teeth 3–7 but distinctly smaller than apical teeth. Clypeus with prominent anterolateral projections and anterior margin arcuately concave, bearing a small median denticle. Frontal lobes strongly expanded laterally. Antennae 12 - segmented, scapes just reaching posterolateral corners. Eyes relatively large, composed of 18–20 ommatidia. Mesosoma. In lateral view, dorsal outline evenly convex, eumetanotal spines visible but not projecting above dorsal silhouette. Propodeal spines robust, basal width&gt; length. Propodeal spiracle small, diameter about half of its distance to propodeal declivity. In dorsal view, pronotum weakly convex, with prominent humeral corners anteriorly; lateral margins gradually converging posteriorly to propodeal spine bases. Propodeal spines slender, length twice as their basal width; inter-spinal space broadly V-shaped. Metasoma. In lateral view, petiole slightly higher than long, with triangular dorsal projection; subpetiolar process bluntly angular. Postpetiole lacking a distinct node, dorsal margin nearly straight, ventral margin concave medially with a distinct anteroventral tooth. Gaster ovoid. In dorsal view, petiole and postpetiole wider than long; postpetiole without distinct anterolateral corners. Sculpture. Mandibles smooth and shining, except for two basal longitudinal grooves. Clypeus smooth and shining. Head with coarse longitudinal rugae, bearing dense fine puncta; lateroventral portion of head with faint, sparse striae, appearing mostly smooth and shining. Antennae with dense longitudinal rugae. Mesosoma with dense longitudinal rugae. Petiole and postpetiole with short longitudinal rugae; gaster smooth and shining. Pilosity and pubescence. Body with moderately dense erect hairs. Pubescence restricted to antennal club. Coloration. Body black; mandibles, antennae, and legs dark brown, antennal club slightly lighter.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet “ shixui ” is a Latinized genitive noun derived from the given name “ Shixu ” of the collector Mr. Shixu Sun. The name is formed by adding the patronymic suffix * - i * to the stem “ Shixu ” and honors Mr. Sun’s contributions in collecting the type specimens of M. shixui Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Yunnan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/730429A239F554DFB00BA8D471447A84	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
A02B577C49C5588791E2CFD195B9CF8E.text	A02B577C49C5588791E2CFD195B9CF8E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina sinensis Wheeler 1921	<div><p>Myrmecina sinensis Wheeler, 1921</p><p>Fig. 51</p><p>Myrmecina graminicola subsp. sinensis Wheeler, W. M. 1921: 539 (w.) CHINA. Raised to species: Zhou et al. 2008: 290.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Non-type. • 2 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.7483&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.0553" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.7483/lat 25.0553)">Jiuwanshan</a>, Guangxi, China, 25.0553°N, 108.7483°E, 622 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 30. VII. 2022, Zhilin Chen, GXNU 222289 ; • 2 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.0861&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.1356" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.0861/lat 24.1356)">Dayaoshan</a>, Guangxi, China, 24.1356°N, 110.0861°E, 640 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 26. VI. 2021, Xiaoyun Liang, GXNU 211658 ; • 3 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=111.8044&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.0997" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 111.8044/lat 24.0997)">Daguishan</a>, Guangxi, China, 24.0997°N, 111.8044°E, 127 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 01. VIII. 2021, Defu Chen, GXNU 210145 .</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Head with concave posterior margin, rounded occipital corners, and convex sides; (2) anterior margin of clypeus nearly straight, lacking median denticle; (3) mandibles subtriangular, with 2 distinct apical teeth followed by indistinct denticles; (4) antennae 12 - segmented, scapes reaching occipital corners; (5) mesosoma arched in profile with angular pronotal corners and slightly upturned; propodeal spines stout (broad-based, triangular); (6) petiole rectangular, dorsum bluntly angular; (7) postpetiole dorsum flat with angular anteroventral corner; (8) gaster smooth and shining; (9) mandibles and clypeus smooth and shining; frons and vertex with radiating longitudinal rugae; head sides with curved striae and dense puncta; (10) mesosomal dorsum with sinuous longitudinal rugae, sides rugose; (11) petiole and postpetiole weakly rugulose-punctate.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Guangxi, Yunan, Zhejiang, Liaoning.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A02B577C49C5588791E2CFD195B9CF8E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
8BB1E7781B0A564099B1E95FC9900947.text	8BB1E7781B0A564099B1E95FC9900947.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina striata Emery 1889	<div><p>Myrmecina striata Emery, 1889</p><p>Myrmecina striata Emery, 1889: 500 (w.) MYANMAR.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Unexamined.</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Body predominantly black; mandibles, antennae, legs, and posterior abdominal segments reddish; (2) head and mesosoma regularly and deeply grooved, with shining intergroove ridges nearly smooth (lacking transverse rugae); (3) clypeus not bilobed, with paired faint carinae and no median denticle (vs. median denticle present in some congeners); (4) mesonotum lacks teeth or spinules; instead bears a minute tubercle on each side (vs. acute spinules in M. latreillei); (5) metanotal spines, morphology identical to M. latreillei (retained plesiomorphic condition); (6) petiolar nodes finely grooved, abdomen glossy and smooth (vs. rugose or punctate in related species); (7) small body length (TL 3.5), typical for the genus; (8) resembles M. sulcata in clypeal structure but differs in smoother intergroove ridges and reduced mesonotal armature (tubercles vs. spines).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Jiangsu (dubious), Sichuan (dubious), Yunnan (dubious); INDIA, MYANMAR, SRI LANKA.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>To date, we have been unable to examine the type specimens or high-resolution images of the type material of M. striata . Therefore, the diagnostic features summarized above are based solely on the original description by Emery (1895). Regarding the reported distribution of this species in China, the records remain doubtful or questionable. A further practical reason for provisional retention is the sheer number of published records that already cite M. striata from China. According to AntWiki. org, the species has been reported from: Guangxi 3 records (Li 2006; Huang and Zhou 2007; Guénard and Dunn 2012); Jiangsu 4 records (Li et al. 2011; Guénard and Dunn 2012); Yunnan 27 records (Xu 1998; Xu et al. 1999; Xu et al. 2001; Li et al. 2009; Chen et al. 2011; Guénard and Dunn 2012; Lu et al. 2016; Fontanilla et al. 2019; Huang et al. 2019); Sichuan 2 records (Luo et al. 2019 a, 2019 b; He et al. 2020). These citations involve at least 15 different institutions. The combination of diagnostic traits does not match any confirmed specimens from known regional congeners. Whether M. striata truly occurs in China requires further verification by direct examination of type specimens (or high-resolution photographs of type) and critical comparison with Chinese specimens currently identified as this species. At present we have no practical means of verifying every locality or re-examining every voucher. Deleting the species from the Chinese fauna would therefore imply that all of these records are definitively erroneous — a conclusion we cannot yet be justified. Flagging the taxon as “dubious” preserves the existing information while clearly signaling to future workers that confirmation is required. Current Chinese records should be treated with caution until comparative studies confirm their validity.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8BB1E7781B0A564099B1E95FC9900947	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
93A6BCB0A07B587D877D310107F11FA2.text	93A6BCB0A07B587D877D310107F11FA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina strigis Lin & Wu 1998	<div><p>Myrmecina strigis Lin &amp; Wu, 1998</p><p>Fig. 52</p><p>Myrmecina strigis Lin &amp; Wu, 1998: 91, figs 9, 11, 21–24 (w.) TAIWAN.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Unexamined.</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) 12 - segmented antennae; (2) head and mesosoma with striate-rugose sculpture (frons smooth); (3) anterior margin of clypeus convex (lacking a median denticle); (4) propodeal spines short, acute (shorter than their basal width, directed posteriorly); (5) gastral tergite I smooth; and (6) body size large (TL&gt; 3.5 mm).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>To date, we have been unable to examine the type specimens or obtain high-resolution images of the type material of M. strigis, except for SEM photographs of its holotype. This species closely resembles M. asiatica in general morphology, but can be reliably distinguished by the following diagnostic characters: (1) significantly larger body size (TL&gt; 3.5) (vs. &lt;2.6 in M. asiatica), (2) anterior clypeal margin convex (vs. straight in M. asiatica), and (3) propodeal spines proportionally shorter. Additional distinguishing features include its propodeal spine orientation (compared to M. taiwana) and gastral tergite I completely smooth (vs. the reticulate sculpture in M. raviwonghei).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Taiwan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/93A6BCB0A07B587D877D310107F11FA2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
70D1A656B94C5ECF94617821032B218C.text	70D1A656B94C5ECF94617821032B218C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina subuncinata Gu & Chen 2025	<div><p>Myrmecina subuncinata Gu &amp; Chen sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 53</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype. • worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.4525&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.6698" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.4525/lat 18.6698)">Wuzhishan</a>, Hainan, China, 18.6698°N, 109.4525°E, 737 m, secondary forest, soil, 11. VII. 2024, Xiaoyun Liang, GXNU 242026 [GXNU] . Paratypes. • 3 workers, with the same collection data as the holotype; • 5 workers and 1 queens, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.8766&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.7113" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.8766/lat 18.7113)">Jianfengling</a>, Hainan, China, 18.7113°N, 108.8766°E, 995 m, secondary forest, soil, 20. VI. 2024, Xiaoyun Liang, GXNU 240678 ; • 1 worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.9162&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.7491" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.9162/lat 18.7491)">Jianfenglin</a>, Hainan, China, 18.7491°N, 108.9162°E, 672 m, secondary forest, dead wood, 22. VI. 2024, Xiaoyun Liang, GXNU 240835 ; • 2 workers, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.8666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.7508" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.8666/lat 18.7508)">Jianfengling</a>, Hainan, China, 18.7508°N, 108.8666°E, 811 m, secondary forest, soil, 08. VIII. 2023, Yanping Wu, GXNU 231415 [11 workers, GXNU; 1 worker, IZCAS] .</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Anterior margin of clypeus concave, bearing a distinct transverse rectangular projection medially (non-dentiform); (2) antennal scapes smooth and shining, with sparse piliferous puncta; (3) lateroventral area of head entirely smooth and shining; (4) ventral margin of petiole convex in lateral view; (5) propodeal spines long (approximately 1.5 times basal width), abruptly tapered, and sharply upturned apically into semicircular hooks; (6) gastral tergite I with only faint striae or weak reticulation, remainder smooth and shining.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>M. subuncinata Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. is most similar to M. raviwonghei but differs consistently in: (1) anterior margin of the clypeus is medially concave and bears a distinct transverse rectangular projection (non-dentiform) in M. subuncinata Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. (vs. clypeal margin straight or weakly concave, with a median dentiform in M. raviwonghei . (2) antennal scapes smooth except for sparse piliferous puncta in M. subuncinata Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. (vs. antennal scapes distinctly punctate in M. raviwonghei); (3) lateroventral area of head smooth and shining in M. subuncinata Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov.; (vs. ventrolateral portion of head with rugae in M. raviwonghei); (4) petiole of M. subuncinata Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. with a ventral margin convex, postpetiole with rounded anterodorsal corner; sternite of postpetiole trapezoidal with straight ventral margin and dentiform postpetiolar process (vs. ventral margin of petiole is straight ventrally, ventral margin of postpetiole stronger concave with a stronger postpetiolar process in M. raviwonghei); (5) M. subuncinata Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. exhibits very faint striae or weak reticulation on the gastral tergite I, while the rest is smooth and shining in M. subuncinata Gu &amp; Chen, sp. nov. (vs. gastral tergite I with finely punctate and gastral sternite I with reticulate in M. raviwonghei).</p><p>Worker measurements.</p><p>(N = 3). HL 0.70–0.74, HW 0.80–0.83, CI 112–116, SL 0.53–0.54, SI 65–66, ED 0.08–0.09, MSL 0.81–0.85, PW 0.54–0.57, PL 0.24–0.26, PH 0.25–0.27, DPW 0.24–0.25, LPI 104–113, DPI 96–100, GL 1.21–1.25, TL 3.45–3.51.</p><p>Worker description.</p><p>Head. In full-face view, head trapezoidal, broader posteriorly; lateral margins convex, posterior margin medially concave with rounded posterolateral corners. Mandibles with 7 teeth: apical two teeth robust, teeth 3–6 small, low and blunt; basal tooth smaller than apical teeth. Clypeus with prominent anterolateral corners, anterior margin concave, bearing a transverse rectangular projection medially (non-dentiform). Frontal lobes strongly laterally expanded. Antennae 12 - segmented, scapes not reaching posterolateral corners. Eyes medium-sized, composed of 14–16 ommatidia. Mesosoma. In lateral view, dorsal outline weakly convex, eumetanotal spines slightly projecting above dorsal outline. Propodeal spines relatively long (1.5 times basal width), abruptly tapered apically, tips sharply upturned, forming semicircular hooks. Propodeal spiracle diameter half its distance to propodeal declivity. In dorsal view, pronotum evenly convex with prominent humeral corners; propodeal spines approximately&gt; 2.0 times basal length, apices outwardly curved. Metasoma. In lateral view, petiole higher than long, dorsally with triangular projection posteromedially; subpetiolar process prominent, ventral margin convex. Postpetiole with rounded anterodorsal corner; sternite of postpetiole trapezoidal with straight ventral margin and dentiform postpetiolar process. Gaster ovoid. In dorsal view, petiole slightly narrower anteriorly, broader than long; postpetiole rectangular with rounded anterolateral corners; gaster anterior margin concave with distinct anterolateral corners. Sculpture. Mandibles smooth and shining except for two longitudinal basal pits; clypeus smooth. Antennal scapes smooth, except for piliferous puncta. Head densely longitudinally rugoreticulate, with punctate interrugal spaces; lateroventral areas smooth. Pronotal sides with posteriorly oblique rugae (not continuous with mesopleural and propodeal rugae). Propodeum with coarse longitudinal rugae extending to transverse inter-spinal carina; single short median carina posterior to spines. Petiole and postpetiole with short longitudinal rugae. Gastral tergite I with faint basolateral striae-reticulation, otherwise smooth. Pilosity. Body densely covered with long erect hairs; pubescence restricted to antennal club. Coloration. Mandibles, frontal lobes, antennae, and legs yellowish-brown to reddish-brown. Head, mesosoma, petiole, and postpetiole black. Gaster black with narrow midlateral area yellow-brown bands and segmental posterior margins.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet “ subuncinata ” is derived from the Latin prefix “ sub - “ (meaning “somewhat” or “slightly”) combined with “ uncinatus ” (“hooked”), referring to the weakly upturned propodeal spines that distinguish this species. The name reflects the characteristic subtly curved propodeal spines, which is intermediate between the strongly hooked spines of some congeners (e. g., M. hamula) and the weakly hooked spines of some congeners (e. g., M. eruga from Australasia).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Hainan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/70D1A656B94C5ECF94617821032B218C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
2BAFE4C104665F1E86124F5BB25B0D69.text	2BAFE4C104665F1E86124F5BB25B0D69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrmecina taiwana Terayama 1985	<div><p>Myrmecina taiwana Terayama, 1985</p><p>Fig. 54</p><p>Myrmecina taiwana Terayama, 1985: 38, figs 6–10 (w. q.) TAIWAN.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>High-resolution images of the paratype ((https://www.antweb.org, CASENT 0901731, Will Ericson) were reviewed . Non-type. • 1 worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.2936&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.7452" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.2936/lat 25.7452)">Jiuwanshan</a>, Guangxi, China, 25.0580°N, 108.7435°E, secondary forest, leaf litter, 550 m, 30. VIII. 2001, Shanyi Zhou, GXNU 0014321 ; • 1 worker, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.2936&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.7452" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.2936/lat 25.7452)">Jingshi</a>, Guangxi, China, 25.7452°N, 110.2936°E, 320 m, secondary forest, leaf litter, 09. VII. 1999, Shanyi Zhou, GXNU 003721 .</p><p>Diagnostic features.</p><p>(1) Antennae 12 - segmented; (2) median portion of occipital margin straight, without a median denticle; (3) lateral portions of clypeus raised into a sharp ridge, connected to the front ridge of the antennal torulus; (4) postpetiole with anterior portion nearly as wide as posterior in dorsal view; (5) mesosomal dorsum with irregular longitudinal rugae; (6) gastral tergite I smooth and shining; (7) propodeal spines elongate, length&gt; 1.5 times basal width, apex slightly upturned in lateral view.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Guangxi, Yunnan, Taiwan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2BAFE4C104665F1E86124F5BB25B0D69	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gu, Zhuojian;Zhang, Chen;Du, Congcong;Chen, Zhilin	Gu, Zhuojian, Zhang, Chen, Du, Congcong, Chen, Zhilin (2025): Synopsis of the ant genus Myrmecina Curtis, 1829 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with description of eleven new species. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 72 (2): 395-448, DOI: 10.3897/dez.72.162491
