identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
D63E87AA840DFFCC64D5510FFAB06B8E.text	D63E87AA840DFFCC64D5510FFAB06B8E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fritillaria marivanensis M. Advay 2024	<div><p>Fritillaria marivanensis M.Advay,  sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 2, 3, Table 1)</p><p>Type:— IRAN. Kurdistan Province: Marivan,  Miraje Mountain,  Nie Village, 352909° N, 460517° E, in  Quercus forest, mountain steppe, subalpine pasture and grassy ledges, 1930 m, 22 Apr. 2013, Advay 11496 (holotype: HKS;  isotype: TUH) .</p><p>The new species is like  F. armena,  F. kordestanica,  F. chlorantha,  F. shahuensis in its narrowly campanulate flowers and habit but differs from these species in number and size of leaves and size and colour of perianth segments, filament colour and length, anthers length, nectary length and colour, style surface and branching (Table 1).</p><p>Bulb-bearing herbs, bulbs globose 1.0– 1.5 cm in diameter, without bulblets. Stem 5.0– 15 cm, 5.0– 10 cm above ground, sometimes to 20 cm in fruiting stage, glabrous. Leaves 5–8 per stem, sessile, alternate, green, the lowest 9.0–10 × 2.0– 2.5 cm, oblong, lanceolate, acute, sometimes twisted. Bracts 3.5–12.0 × 0.3–0.5 cm, narrowly oblanceolate, acute. Flower 1–2, perigone narrowly campanulate, dark purplish brown, sometimes yellowish, greenish orange outside, not glaucous outside, purplish brown, yellowish orange on brown background inside, outer tepals 21.0–25.5 × 5.2–6.6 mm, oblonglanceolate, subacute to obtuse, sometimes recurved, ciliate-tufted at apex, inner tepals 20.0–29.3 × 5.5–6.8 mm, lanceolate, obtuse. Nectaries 3.5–4.5 × 0.8–1.0 mm, linear, greenish yellow, 1 mm above the base tepal. Filaments 7.5–8.0 mm, yellow, cylindric, densely papillose; anthers 7–8 mm, ellipsoid, yellow, basifixed. Ovary 8–11 mm long, style 7.0–8.0 × 1.5–2.5 mm, cylindrical, greenish, divided at apex, slightly trilobed, 1.0– 1.5 mm, branched, densely papillose. Capsule 3.2–5.7 × 1.6–2.6 mm, obovoid-oblong, cuneate, not winged; seeds 6.7–9.0 × 4.9–6.8 mm, obovate, brown (Figs 2, 3).</p><p>Etymology:— Referring to the type locality, Marivan City.</p><p>Distribution, habitat and phenology:— Known also from Kurdistan and Kermanshah Provinces. It is an element of the Irano-Turanian floristic region and grows in  Quercus forest, mountain steppes and grassy ledges, 1600–2300 m. Flowering</p><p>April–May, fruiting June–July (Fig. 5).</p><p>Species conservation assessment:— Following the criteria of IUCN (2022), the extent of occurrence (EOO) is less than 5.000 km 2, and the area of occupancy (AOO) is less than 500 km 2 (criterion B1, B2); locations are less than five (a) with an estimated continuing decline (a, b) of occurrence (i), of occupancy (ii), quality of habitat (iii), and number of subpopulations (iv). Its populations are threatened by grazing. The developing capsules are usually grazed before maturation. This new species is assessed to be considered as endangered, EN B1ab (i, iv) B2ab (ii, iii, iv)” (IUCN 2019).</p><p>Notes:— The new species is similar in terms of general facies to other species of the  F. caucasica group (Table 1), which is is diverse in Turkey and Iran. The size of leaves (especially lowest leaves) and outside and inside colour of the tepals are usually variable in  Fritillaria, particularly in this group, and these species have generally been broadly circumscribed.</p><p>Selected specimens examined:—   IRAN. Kurdistan Province: Marivan ca. 40 km from  Marivan to saqqez,  Ghemchian Village, 15 May 2014, Advay 12463 (HKS).   Baneh,  Terkhan Abad Village,  Babos Mountain, 22 Apr. 2013, Advay 11496 (HKS).   Avroman (=  Hawraman) region: North slope of the  Zarraveh Mountain, 21 Apr 2023, Advay 48215 (TUH).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63E87AA840DFFCC64D5510FFAB06B8E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Advay, Mahfouz	Advay, Mahfouz (2024): Fritillaria marivanensis (Liliaceae), a new species from western Iran. Phytotaxa 675 (3): 292-300, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.675.3.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.675.3.8
D63E87AA8404FFC664D5577FFA576BC8.text	D63E87AA8404FFC664D5577FFA576BC8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fritillaria Linnaeus 1753	<div><p>Diagnostic key including related species of subgenus  Fritillaria:  Fritillaria caucasica group.</p><p>1. Flowers in an umbel, surmounted by numerous bracts .......................................................................................... subgenus  Petilium</p><p>2. Flowers zygomorphic, the nectary of the upper perianth segment larger than that of the rest, forming a curved protuberance on the back of the segment ....................................................................................................................................... subgenus  Rhinopetalum</p><p>3. Flowers actinomorphic, the nectaries all equal, not forming protuberances on the back of the perianth segments ............................ ................................................................................................................................................................................subgenus  Theresia</p><p>4. Flowers usually solitary or 2–3 per stem (rarely up to 8–12), style papillose or bifid (subgenus  Fritillaria)...................................5</p><p>5. Perianth broadly campanulate, the nectary at the point of inflection of the segment, ca. 5 mm above its base, style glabrous, usually divided for 1/4–1/2 .......................................................................................................( F. kotschyan group and  F. crassifolia group)</p><p>- Perianth narrowly campanulate; the nectary at the base or up to 2 mm above the base of the perianth segment ( F. caucasica group) .................................................................................................................................................................................................6</p><p>6. Leaves glaucous..................................................................................................................................................................................7</p><p>-. Leaves green or shiny green .............................................................................................................................................................23</p><p>7. Style slender .......................................................................................................................................................................................8</p><p>- Style stout (thick) .............................................................................................................................................................................17</p><p>8. Tepal purple, style 9–17 mm, nectary greenish ................................................................................................................  F. caucasica</p><p>- Tepal purple apex thoroughly bright yellow, nectary green-purplish...................................................................................  F. zagrica</p><p>17. Perianth purple..................................................................................................................................................................................18</p><p>- Perianth yellowish or green ..............................................................................................................................................................22</p><p>18. Perianth segments often with narrowly median yellowish or greenish stripe in outside and inside ................................................19</p><p>- Perianth segments without yellow or green striped..........................................................................................................................21</p><p>19. Lowest leaves wide up to 4.5 cm, ovate, obovate or lanceolate....................................................................................  F. avromanica</p><p>- Lowest leaves wide up to 2 cm, linear, lanceolate ...........................................................................................................................20</p><p>20. Perianth purple-brown, always with yellowish or greenish stripe; nectary dark green, 3.5–5 mm long ............................  F. selenica</p><p>- Perianth dusky purplish-grey, sometimes with green stripes; nectary green, 2–4 mm long ............................................  F. assyriaca</p><p>21. Leaves usually 4–7, narrowly oblanceolate to elliptic-oblong; perianth inside with yellow striped; nectary green ........................... .................................................................................................................................................................................  F. chlororhabdota</p><p>- Leaves usually 4, oblanceolate; perianth inside with a yellow median stripe and blackish striations towards margins; nectariy blackish..............................................................................................................................................................................  F. shehbazii</p><p>22. Leaves mostly 4–5; perianth yellowish-green to green; nectary black, 4–6 mm long...................................................  F. atrolineata</p><p>- Leaves mostly 4–7; perianth yellow-greenish, yellow whitish, green to grayish brownish, rarely reddish purplish or blackish; nectary black rarely greenish, 3–4.5 mm long ...............................................................................................................  F. shahuensis</p><p>23. Perianth purple; style undivided.......................................................................................................................................................24</p><p>- Perianth green, yellow; style divided 1–1.5 mm ..............................................................................................................................26</p><p>24. Leaves usually 4, perianth purplish grey with yellow tips ...............................................................................................  F.uva-vulpis</p><p>- Leaves 3–5 mostly 4, perianth outside purplish grey, rarely with a green or yellowish stripe, inside greenish yellow striped or purplish brown.............................................................................................................................................................  F. kordestanica</p><p>26. Lowest leaves broadly ovate, lanceolate to linear; perianth green, yellowish, rarely purple; nectary green, 3 mm long.................... ........................................................................................................................................................................................  F. chlorantha</p><p>- Lowest leaves broadly lanceolate; perianth dark purplish-brown, sometimes yellowish, greenish-bright orange outside; nectary greenish- yellow, 3.5–4.5 mm long ...............................................................................................................  F. marivanensis sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63E87AA8404FFC664D5577FFA576BC8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Advay, Mahfouz	Advay, Mahfouz (2024): Fritillaria marivanensis (Liliaceae), a new species from western Iran. Phytotaxa 675 (3): 292-300, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.675.3.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.675.3.8
