identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
8CBAE79AFD435D899DBE3601A9EF419F.text	8CBAE79AFD435D899DBE3601A9EF419F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calodesma maculifrons (Walker 1865)	<div><p>Calodesma maculifrons (Walker, 1865)</p><p>Fig. 1 A</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Calodesma maculifrons has highly distinctive wing patterns in comparison to other species within the same genus, but lacks sexual dimorphism. Its forewing pattern has an orange background pattern, a yellow post-discal cell maculae, and a submarginal band consisting of parallel yellow stripes on a black background; the hindwing has orange background, the costal and the outer margin black, and parallel yellow stripes on the outer margin. Moths from other families share the same wing patterns, for instance Mapeta xanthomela ( Pyralidae), Pseudatteria volcania ( Tortricidae), Pseudomennis bipennis ( Geometridae), Pyromorpha radialis ( Zygaenidae) Phostria lithosialis ( Crambidae) Oricia homalochroa ( Notodontidae), and some butterflies in the genus Mesene from Central America (e. g. Mesene margaretta) ( Riodinidae), suggesting a mimicry ring. Some specimens may show polychromatism with fore and hindwings entirely black and yellow parallel stripes on the outer margin.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 male, Guatemala.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8CBAE79AFD435D899DBE3601A9EF419F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
6270A8A682F653449D53CA74735C46B1.text	6270A8A682F653449D53CA74735C46B1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chetone isse (Hubner 1831)	<div><p>Chetone isse (Hübner, [1831])</p><p>Fig. 1 B</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Chetone isse is a species that does not exhibit sexual dimorphism and has a dark tiger-pattern which is quite different from that dominant in the Atlantic Forest. Some specimens might show polychromatism on the hindwings, in the black submarginal band, which has led to the description of Pericopis decisa, later considered a synonym by Buttler in 1875 (Lamas 2017).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 male, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro; 1 male, Brazil, Santa Catarina; 1 female, Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6270A8A682F653449D53CA74735C46B1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
A5E64C7339965657A3C4ABC10917D157.text	A5E64C7339965657A3C4ABC10917D157.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chetone kenara (Butler 1871)	<div><p>Chetone kenara (Butler, 1871)</p><p>Fig. 1 C</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Chetone kenara is a non-sexually dimorphic species with a dark tiger-pattern mimicry coloration quite different from other Amazonian aposematic butterflies.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 male, Venezuela.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A5E64C7339965657A3C4ABC10917D157	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
A29E33352526507982933B3058CD20F2.text	A29E33352526507982933B3058CD20F2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chetone phaeba Boisduval 1879	<div><p>Chetone phaeba Boisduval, 1879</p><p>Fig. 1 E</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Chetone phaeba is non-sexually dimorphic species with a mimicry coloration resembling some butterflies, occurring in the same region, such as Heliconius erato emma, Heliconius melpomene aglaope, Heliconius demeter demeter, Heliconius xanthocles melittus and Castilia perilla ( Nymphalidae).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 female, Peru, Iquitos.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A29E33352526507982933B3058CD20F2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
69970A9C4CCE54018D7C9577A75F5C96.text	69970A9C4CCE54018D7C9577A75F5C96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Composia credula (Fabricius 1775)	<div><p>Composia credula (Fabricius, 1775)</p><p>Fig. 1 F</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Composia credula is non-sexually dimorphic and is distributed mainly in Central America, with records in the islands of Puerto Rico, Jamaica, Cuba and the Dominican Republic. Scant information regarding this species can be found in the literature.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 male, Jamaica.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/69970A9C4CCE54018D7C9577A75F5C96	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
B148E15CBC7D5F808726EF8BDBE83CF5.text	B148E15CBC7D5F808726EF8BDBE83CF5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dysschema amphissa (Geyer 1832)	<div><p>Dysschema amphissa (Geyer, 1832)</p><p>Figs 1 G male, 1 H female</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species has a considerable level of sexual dimorphism in terms of its wing pattern. Immature reared by Lauro Travassos and deposited in the MZUSP corroborate the establishment of synonymy between Episteme amphissa and Pericopis vestalis . Males have a white wing pattern with the forewings (mainly on the costal margin, apical region and posterior margin) and hindwings (submarginal band) showing brown obscured regions. Specimens recently collected in Brazil show this pattern, although the material studied in collections revealed the presence of some individuals whose brown markings on the wings are faded. However, such variation seems to be due to the storage of specimens rather than polychromatism. Females have an orange pattern, similar to that of other Dysschema species involved in mimetic rings with several species of Heliconiinae and Ithomiini butterflies ( Nymphalidae).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>2 males, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro; 2 females, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B148E15CBC7D5F808726EF8BDBE83CF5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
691A1704A4E8571E8DF5CEE70C6E3645.text	691A1704A4E8571E8DF5CEE70C6E3645.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dysschema boisduvalii (Hoeven 1840)	<div><p>Dysschema boisduvalii (Hoeven, 1840)</p><p>Figs 1 I male, 1 J female</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Sexually dimorphic species. Males and females show slightly chromatic variation, usually limited to the intensity of red tones on the hindwing spots. Males of D. boisduvalii are distinguished from other species associated with this complex ( D. centenaria and D. inominatum) by showing spiniform projections at the base of the valva, whereas females are distinguished by having the opening of ostium in the middle of the seventh sternite and an enlarged ductus bursae. Based on the similarity of wing pattern, males could participate in a mimicry ring with other similar species in this genus, such as D. centenaria (see below) and D. inominatum, among others.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 male, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro; 1 female, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/691A1704A4E8571E8DF5CEE70C6E3645	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
4CAE0CED1E8E5CFEB452150D55296C36.text	4CAE0CED1E8E5CFEB452150D55296C36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dysschema centenaria (Burmeister 1878)	<div><p>Dysschema centenaria (Burmeister, 1878)</p><p>Figs 1 K male, 1 L female</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Sexually dimorphic species. Males and females show a slightly chromatic variation, on the intensity of red tones on the forewing spots, sometimes absence of the discal spot on the hindwing. Some females, with red spots approximated or fused on the forewing discal region, may show more evident red spots in the submarginal band of the hindwing. Immatures were reared in Eryngium paniculatum ( Apiaceae) by Achaval (1968) and in E. eburneum by Jörgensen (1935), allowing the association between males and females.</p><p>In the original description of D. centenaria, Burmeister calls attention to the possibility that this species can be just a variation of D. boisduvalii . However, the first is externally distinguished from D. boisduvalii by having white or yellow scales dorsally on the apex of forewings and ventral surface of the forewings; hindwings with yellow spots on the base; and abdomen ventrally brown. Differences in the morphology of female and male genitalia corroborate the status of distinct species.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 male, Paraguay, Villarica; 1 female, Paraguay, Villarica.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4CAE0CED1E8E5CFEB452150D55296C36	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
CCF8F333DF7B596FBA33038B09C00457.text	CCF8F333DF7B596FBA33038B09C00457.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dysschema hilara (Weymer 1895)	<div><p>Dysschema hilara (Weymer, 1895)</p><p>Fig. 1 M</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Sexually dimorphic species with both males and females displaying chromatic variation in their wing patterns. Males have polychromatism with two forms, one with the basal and discal region on the hindwing with reddish tones, and the other with yellow tones. Females show greater variation, both on the forewing and on the hindwing. Some individuals have a predominantly brown hindwing, with a submarginal band with variable colour and length, usually red or yellow; a few individuals may have a yellow colour on the basal and discal region of the hindwing.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 male, Brazil, Santa Catarina, Hansa?</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CCF8F333DF7B596FBA33038B09C00457	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
BF0D96D68E65582FB4BE33E23CEB77FE.text	BF0D96D68E65582FB4BE33E23CEB77FE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dysschema leucophaea (Walker 1854)	<div><p>Dysschema leucophaea (Walker, 1854)</p><p>Fig. 1 N</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Species with a forewing pattern sexually dimorphic, and widespread distribution more concentrated in north of Central America (Mexico, Guatemala and Nicaragua), with few records for Costa Rica. Males with slightly chromatic variation. The illustrated specimen is very similar to sympatric Biblis aganisa ( Nymphalidae) and mimicry cannot be discarded. The association between males and females was proposed by Druce (1885) based on specimens with black and red coloration. Laguerre et al. (2014) reported a gynandromorph specimen consisting of right-side male, with the characteristically black and red coloration, however the left side consists of a tiger pattern very similar to D. aorsa, suggesting that the female may show two completely distinct mimicry phenotypes. The species was reported foraging on Vernonanthura patens (Kunth) H. Rob. (Young, 1981) .</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 male, Honduras, San Pedro Sula.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BF0D96D68E65582FB4BE33E23CEB77FE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
942C27B6EB18536BB8FD690475FDA089.text	942C27B6EB18536BB8FD690475FDA089.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dysschema lycaste (Klug 1836)	<div><p>Dysschema lycaste (Klug, 1836)</p><p>Fig. 1 O</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Sexually dimorphic species for the wing pattern, males and females show chromatic variation, and the association between them was proposed by Druce (1884). Females with polychromatism on the hindwings, where the discal band might show variable thickness. Males show variation in the forewings, where the semi-hyaline spots might be well delimited in some specimens or vanished in others; hindwings with variable basal and discal region, whitish or orange; hindwing submarginal band sometimes with orange proximal spots. It is distinguished from the other species in the D. marginalis complex by presenting reduced markings on the tegula and patagium, and the posterior margin of the abdominal sternites delineated by brown scales.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>2 males, Costa Rica, Finca la Loja.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/942C27B6EB18536BB8FD690475FDA089	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
A1A1AA81ABE35381AEFA16407A10BB2D.text	A1A1AA81ABE35381AEFA16407A10BB2D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dysschema marginalis (Walker 1855)	<div><p>Dysschema marginalis (Walker, 1855)</p><p>Fig. 1 P</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Sexually dimorphic for the wing pattern. Males might show slightly chromatic variation. This species exhibits a wing pattern that closely resembles that of D. lycaste . However, it may be distinguished from D. lycaste by its larger male specimens and the presence of dots on the prothoracic collar. Dysschema marginalis also has more delineated spots on the forewings and a ventrally yellow abdomen. The morphology of the male and female genitalia does not exhibit discernible distinctions across species, indicating that they constitute a cryptic species complex.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 male, Costa Rica, Guapiles; 1 female, Costa Rica Guapiles.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A1A1AA81ABE35381AEFA16407A10BB2D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
5A734828E2B55AEBB252A24A7E3FD45A.text	5A734828E2B55AEBB252A24A7E3FD45A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dysschema neda (Klug 1836)	<div><p>Dysschema neda (Klug, 1836)</p><p>Fig. 1 Q</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>A sexually dimorphic species, with females usually rare in collections. Females have wing patterns similar to that of D. amphissa . It differs from the latter by having a completely brown head, well-delineated spots on the prothoracic collar, and a darker background on the forewings, with semi-hyaline spots approximated. Kirby (1892) considered males and females as distinct species. Hering (1925) mistakenly associated males of D. fanatica with females of D. neda .</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>2 males, Brazil, Santa Catarina, Hansa?; 1 male, Brazil, Santa Catarina, New Bremen [Seara municipality]; 1 female, Rio de Janeiro.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A734828E2B55AEBB252A24A7E3FD45A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
080618AA78785458ACD7F25C0865F86A.text	080618AA78785458ACD7F25C0865F86A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dysschema picta (Guerin-Meneville 1844)	<div><p>Dysschema picta (Guérin-Méneville, 1844)</p><p>Fig. 1 R</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>A sexually dimorphic species. Males show less variable wing pattern, similar to glass wing butterflies, while females have wing polychromatism and show a black yellow and orange tiger pattern. Immatures were reared by Spitz (1931) in Mikania hirsutissima and Senecio brasiliensis, and by Travassos Filho (1947) in Vernonia polyanthes (all Asteraceae). Travassos Filho (1947) made the association between males and females, and documented the polychromatism presented by females, resulting in the establishment of synonyms.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 male, Brazil, Santa Catarina, Hansa?; 1 male, Santa Catarina, New Bremen [Seara municipality]; 1 male, no locality.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/080618AA78785458ACD7F25C0865F86A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
7E1383DD8CDD507AA0B447536797F84B.text	7E1383DD8CDD507AA0B447536797F84B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dysschema sacrifica (Hubner 1831)	<div><p>Dysschema sacrifica (Hübner, [1831])</p><p>Figs 2 A male, 2 B female</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Sexually dimorphic species, relatively common in collections. The species is widespread in South America, mainly in areas of the Cerrado and in open environments of the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, but with extension in Eastern Bolivia, Uruguay, Paraguay and in the north-centre of Argentina (Chialchia 2009). There is little variation between males and females and both sexes may show a white spot on the forewing in the posterior region of the discal cell. Some males may have the white spots on the submarginal band of the hindwings reduced or absent. Females may show more evident yellow marks on the submarginal band, expanded towards the basal region of the wing.</p><p>Several studies recorded the association of immatures with host plants (Bourquin 1931; Biezanko et al. 1974; Chialchia 2009), revealing a highly polyphagous species, with records in Amarantaceae (e. g. Amaranthus flavus, Amaranthus hybridus), Asteraceae (e. g. Artemisia absinthium, Chromolaena odorata, Eupatorium conyzoides, Eupatorium inlifolium, Helian agnus, Lactuca sativa, Senecio brasiliensis, Vernonia polyanthes), Myrtaceae (e. g. Eucalyptus sp.), Nyctaginaceae (e. g. Pisonea zapallo) and Urticaceae (e. g. Boehmeria caudata). Dysschema sacrifica was introduced in South Africa as a biological control of the invasive weed Chromolaena odorata ( Asteraceae) (Kluge and Caldwell 1993).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 female, South America; 1 male, Brazil, Santa Catarina; 2 females, Brazil, Santa Catarina; 1 male, Brazil, Santa Catarina, New Bremen [Seara].</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7E1383DD8CDD507AA0B447536797F84B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
47F122AA16845C06AA0D2E82483F1C61.text	47F122AA16845C06AA0D2E82483F1C61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dysschema subapicalis (Walker 1854)	<div><p>Dysschema subapicalis (Walker, 1854)</p><p>Fig. 2 C</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Sexually dimorphic species, with females larger than males and polychromatic males. The pronounced sexual dimorphism, along with the presence of many colours on the hindwings of males, led to the identification of several species that are actually variations in coloration. Males present some idiosyncratic characteristic, autapomorphic for the species (considering other species in Dysschema), such as posterior-proximal projections on the tegumen, similar to those present in other Pericopina genera ( Ephestris Hübner, Calodesma Hübner, Isostola Felder, Hypocrita Hübner and Sthenognatha Felder), spines on the valva, and contorted aedeagus. The females have the openings of the pheromone glands approximated.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 male, Brazil, Santa Catarina, New Bremen [Seara Municipality].</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/47F122AA16845C06AA0D2E82483F1C61	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
0926F1C064DE5A2182FC4F7E883DCF13.text	0926F1C064DE5A2182FC4F7E883DCF13.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dysschema terminata (Guerin-Meneville 1844)	<div><p>Dysschema terminata (Guérin-Méneville, 1844)</p><p>Fig. 2 D</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Males and females are sexually dimorphic for wing patterns. Collections carried out at Boracéia Biological Station (Salesópoplis, SP, Brazil) allowed the pairing of sexes (Moraes et al. 2017). Additionally, handwritten notes by an unknown author were found at the Smithsonian Natural History Museum, highlighting the possibility that D. terminata was the female form of D. fantasma . Despite the sexual dimorphism, common characters present in both sexes corroborate the hypothesis that the distinct forms are the same species, such as the red macules on the costal margin and on the tornus region, and tufts of red scales on the terminal portion of the abdomen (Moraes et al. 2017).</p><p>Males of D. terminata have wing pattern similar to that of D. subapicalis, differing from the last by the reduced “V” shaped semi hyaline region on the forewings, by the hindwing with a yellow discal region and veins outlined with dark brown scales, and an abdomen with two yellow bands ventrally. Males are also polychromatic on the hindwings, recorded by a series of specimens collected at the Boracéia Biological Station, in Salesópólis, showing the red submarginal band quite evident or gradually reduced until its complete absence.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>3 males, Brazil, Santa Catarina, Hansa?; 1 male, Brazil.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0926F1C064DE5A2182FC4F7E883DCF13	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
1C55B93DCCA75F4FAD6092AF8061EB47.text	1C55B93DCCA75F4FAD6092AF8061EB47.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dysschema thetis (Klug 1836)	<div><p>Dysschema thetis (Klug, 1836)</p><p>Fig. 2 E</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Species sexually dimorphic for hindwing patterns. Dysschema thetis is easily distinguished from other Dysschema species, by the beige tegula color pattern; the sickle-shaped semi-hyaline macula on the forewings, extending from the basal region to the outer margin; and submarginal stripe on the hindwings with a distal element formed by oval brown ocellar macules with bluish-white scales inside.</p><p>The species is distributed from Mexico to Costa Rica and has differences in specimen size, in the intensity of the blue and orange tones of the hindwing ocellar macules, and the intensity of the red colour on the abdomen. These differences allow the recognition of two subspecies: D. thetis howardi, restricted to the south of the USA and northern Mexico, and D. thetis thetis, distributed from southern Mexico to Costa Rica. Nevertheless, there are no discernible variations in the anatomical structure of the reproductive organs between the two subspecies. The species was recorded foraging on Ageratina altissima (L.) R. King and H. Rob. ( Asteraceae) and on species of Brickellia Elliott ( Asteraceae) in the wild (McFarland, 1961), and many other Asteraceae in captivity.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>2 males, Mexico; 1 male, Mexico, Cordoba.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1C55B93DCCA75F4FAD6092AF8061EB47	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
5FD62911E39A59A2B49518A043B00D46.text	5FD62911E39A59A2B49518A043B00D46.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dysschema tricolora (Sulzer 1776)	<div><p>Dysschema tricolora (Sulzer, 1776)</p><p>Fig. 2 F</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Males and females are sexually dimorphic for wing patterns. Females show an aposematic pattern similar to that of butterflies of the genus Parides ( Papilionidae; see for example Aiello and Brown 1988) and chromatic variation for the semi-hyaline macules on the forewings, forming clinal variation in which several forms are still recognized as valid species. The study of large series is needed to confirm the validity of these forms as distinct species or synonyms. Males have a semi-hyaline wing pattern, with little chromatic variation. Wing pattern suggests that this species participates in clearwing mimicry rings, including many species of Ithomiini ( Nymphalidae) and other putative batesian mimics in the families Pieridae (e. g. Dismorphia theucharila), Riodinidae (e. g. Ithomeis spp. and Ithomiola spp.) and several other day flying moths. Both male and female genitalia have asymmetric structures, which is unusual for Dysschema species.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 female, Colombia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5FD62911E39A59A2B49518A043B00D46	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
6E3832F331D456248F50243A12030F99.text	6E3832F331D456248F50243A12030F99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eucyane dejanira (Druce 1895)	<div><p>Eucyane dejanira (Druce, 1895)</p><p>Fig. 2 L</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species does not exhibit sexual dimorphism. The available information is restricted to the original description and its inclusion in faunal survey lists. This species is documented within the Amazon biome. Eucyane dejanira was previously allocated in the genus Hypocrita and subsequently moved to Eucyane by Laguerre (2017) based on a maximum likelihood analysis using CO 1 gene. However, this taxonomic decision shall be taken with caution because (i) while CO 1 is effective and species-level identification, the high mutation rate can make it challenging to compare sequences across very diverse taxa because when comparing distant lineages, similar nucleotide changes may occur independently in different lineages, leading to misleading phylogenetic relationships (ii) the taxonomic coverage used by Laguerre (2017) is narrow and should include more Pericopina genera.</p><p>For instance, Moraes et al. (2021) showed a phylogentic hypotesys where the genus Hypocrita is polyphyletic consisting of two unrelated groups (i) Hypocrita “ sensu strictu ” phylogenetically close to Netoche (ii) the other clade represented by E. temperata is phylogenetically close to the genera Ephestris and Thirgis. A wider taxonomic samplig and the use of nuclear genes are needed to clarify the phylogenetic relationship and the taxonomic valitidy of the genera Eucyane, Hypocrita, Chetone and Netoche, mainly because the evolution of the colour pattern within these genera was driven by mimicry relationships.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 male, Venezuela.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6E3832F331D456248F50243A12030F99	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
AB031D5DED725B08BA585BE32BD5A453.text	AB031D5DED725B08BA585BE32BD5A453.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gnophaela vermiculata (Grote 1864)	<div><p>Gnophaela vermiculata (Grote, [1864])</p><p>Fig. 2 G</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species shows no sexual dimorphism, and is distributed mainly in</p><p>North America. Immature stages were reared by Bruce (1888) and Whitehouse (1921) in Mertensia virginica (L.) Pers. ex Link, 1829. L’Empereur et al. (1989) recorded the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in adults of G. vermiculata .</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>2 males, USA; 1 female, USA; 1 female Mexico.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB031D5DED725B08BA585BE32BD5A453	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
6B52109ED9C55F89B1533EB08473FB34.text	6B52109ED9C55F89B1533EB08473FB34.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hyalurga fenestra (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Hyalurga fenestra (Linnaeus, 1758)</p><p>Fig. 2 H</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species is not sexually dimorphic. Information about it is limited to the original description and its presence in faunal survey lists.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 male, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Marambaia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6B52109ED9C55F89B1533EB08473FB34	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
58C854D284FD5BA78AA7229EFDC67312.text	58C854D284FD5BA78AA7229EFDC67312.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hyalurga fenestrata (Walker 1855)	<div><p>Hyalurga fenestrata (Walker, 1855)</p><p>Fig. 2 I</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Non-sexually dimorphic species. Information about it is limited to the original description and its presence in faunal survey lists.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 male, Brazil, Santa Catarina, Hansa?; 1 female, Brazil, Santa Catarina, Hansa?</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/58C854D284FD5BA78AA7229EFDC67312	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
EF1F21CDFAAA5D358BFD5C27CB00E89B.text	EF1F21CDFAAA5D358BFD5C27CB00E89B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hyalurga sora (Boisduval 1870)	<div><p>Hyalurga sora (Boisduval, 1870)</p><p>Fig. 2 J</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species exhibits sexual dimorphism, with both males and females displaying semi-translucent wing patterns. This characteristic suggests that it may engage in mimicry with glasswing Ithomiini butterflies ( Nymphalidae), potentially forming mimetic rings. The available information is restricted to the original description and its inclusion in faunal survey lists.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 male, Guatemala; 1 female, Guatemala.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF1F21CDFAAA5D358BFD5C27CB00E89B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
87C0695C573250349FC35DE9B3881ECD.text	87C0695C573250349FC35DE9B3881ECD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hypocrita fenestraria (Fabricius 1775)	<div><p>Hypocrita fenestraria (Fabricius, 1775)</p><p>Fig. 2 K</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species does not exhibit sexual dimorphism. Despite its prevalence in collections, the available information on this species is restricted to the original description and its inclusion in faunal survey lists. This species exhibits a broad distribution, including documented occurrences in the Amazon and Atlantic Forest biomes.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 male, Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Iguassu [Foz do Iguaçu]; 3 females, Brazil, Pará; 1 female, Brazil, Santa Catarina.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/87C0695C573250349FC35DE9B3881ECD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
1E61AEAC0C6D5250BE9420EA1BAF1736.text	1E61AEAC0C6D5250BE9420EA1BAF1736.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hypocrita plagifera (C. Felder & R. Felder 1862)	<div><p>Hypocrita plagifera (C. Felder &amp; R. Felder, 1862)</p><p>Fig. 2 M</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species is not sexually dimorphic. Information about it is limited to the original description and its presence in faunal survey lists. The species has a widespread distribution, with records in the Amazon and Atlantic Forest biomes.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 male, Brazil, Pará, Óbidos; 1 female, Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Iguassu [Foz do Iguaçu]; 1 male, Peru, Panguana; 1 female, Peru; 4 males, no locality.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E61AEAC0C6D5250BE9420EA1BAF1736	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
6569F23A8EB95D1EBBF5CEAF0626AE11.text	6569F23A8EB95D1EBBF5CEAF0626AE11.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Isostola divisa (Walker 1854)	<div><p>Isostola divisa (Walker, 1854)</p><p>Fig. 2 N</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species does not exhibit sexual dimorphism. The wing pattern suggests that these moths participate in mimicry rings with glasswing Ithomiini butterflies ( Nymphalidae). The available information is restricted to the original description and its inclusion in faunal survey lists. While this species is commonly found in Central America and the Amazon biome, Ferro (2007) documented its presence in the Brazilian Cerrado.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 male, Costa Rica, Guapiles.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6569F23A8EB95D1EBBF5CEAF0626AE11	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
E07A4B6F930C590683C7108EA0833646.text	E07A4B6F930C590683C7108EA0833646.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Netoche histrio (C. Felder & Felder 1874)	<div><p>Netoche histrio (C. Felder &amp; Felder, 1874)</p><p>Fig. 1 D</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Netoche histrio lacks sexual dimorphism and exhibits a tiger-pattern imitation colouring resembling several species of tiger patterned butterflies in the genera Heliconius and Eresia, some tiger patterned Ithomiini ( Nymphalidae), and some Riodinidae, such as Stalachtis calliope, all occurring in the Amazon. Polychromatism on the hindwings led to the description of several subspecies, but currently only three subspecies are recognized based on dissimilar geographical and altitudinal ranges (Lamas and Grados 1997; Lamas, 2017).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 male, Brazil, Amazonas.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E07A4B6F930C590683C7108EA0833646	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
8A57C253A12C582887C7D2716078CEC6.text	8A57C253A12C582887C7D2716078CEC6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Notophyson tiresias (Cramer 1776)	<div><p>Notophyson tiresias (Cramer, 1776)</p><p>Fig. 2 Q</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species does not exhibit sexual dimorphism. The presence of semi-translucent wing patterns suggests that this species engages in mimicry with other butterflies and moths, particularly some large Ithomiini in the genera Methona and Dircenna and the Danaini Lycorea illione ( Nymphalidae). In the Amazon, this mimicry ring includes many other butterfly families, including Papilionidae (e. g. Parides hahneli) and Pieridae (e. g. Patia orise). The available information is restricted to the original description and its inclusion in faunal survey lists. The species exhibits a broad distribution, as evidenced by the description of the type species in the Amazon (Suriname) and documented occurrences in the Atlantic Forest.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 male, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro; 1 female, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8A57C253A12C582887C7D2716078CEC6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
86D1405C0CFB58948E18BB213ADC840C.text	86D1405C0CFB58948E18BB213ADC840C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phaloe cruenta (Hubner 1823)	<div><p>Phaloe cruenta (Hübner, 1823)</p><p>Fig. 2 O</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species lacks sexual dimorphism and is highly prevalent in both collections and natural habitats. The species has a large distribution in South America, primarily found in the biomes of Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, and Pantanal (Brazilian wetlands). Additionally, it can also be found in eastern Bolivia, Uruguay, and north-eastern Argentina. The wing pattern is somewhat reminiscent of some Ithomiini butterflies in the genera Dircenna and Epityches, with which the species is sympatric in most of its distribution. Different larval host plants have been reported, for instance Austroeupatorium inulifolium (Kunth) R. M. King and H. Rob. (Biezanko et al. 1974) and Artemisia absinthium L. (Pastrana, 2004) ( Asteraceae).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/86D1405C0CFB58948E18BB213ADC840C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
DFC3749079245BFEAFF6D4C6483AF923.text	DFC3749079245BFEAFF6D4C6483AF923.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phaloesia saucia Walker 1854	<div><p>Phaloesia saucia Walker, 1854</p><p>Fig. 2 P</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species does not exhibit sexual dimorphism, and its extensive range spans from Southern USA and Mexico to South America, including Colombia and Venezuela. Consequently, other species were subsequently identified but ultimately determined to be synonymous. The wing pattern is similar to some species of Central American butterflies such as Pheles melanchroia ( Riodinidae) and Chlosyne ehrenbergii ( Nymphalidae), and to some extent to Sthemopsis clonia and E. alicia ( Riodinidae), and so mimicry cannot be discarded.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 Female, Mexico, Manzanillo.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DFC3749079245BFEAFF6D4C6483AF923	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
1B79CA0422BA570FA78FC47D5E6DB301.text	1B79CA0422BA570FA78FC47D5E6DB301.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sthenognatha gentilis (C. Felder & R. Felder 1874)	<div><p>Sthenognatha gentilis (C. Felder &amp; R. Felder, 1874)</p><p>Fig. 2 R</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species is sexually dimorphic, with females lacking the translucent macula on the forewing. Lane and Watson (1975), on a revision of genus Sthenognatha, provide some information on morphological traits. Other than that, information about this species is limited to the original description and its presence in faunal survey lists. The species has been recorded in the Atlantic Forest biome.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>1 male, Brazil, Santa Catarina, New Bremen [Seara municipality]; 1 male, Brazil, Santa Catarina, Hansa?; 1 female, no locality.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1B79CA0422BA570FA78FC47D5E6DB301	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Moraes, Simeão de Souza;Freitas, André Victor Lucci;Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas	Moraes, Simeão de Souza, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas (2025): Illustrated catalogue of Pericopina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Museum of Nature Hamburg – Zoology. Evolutionary Systematics 9 (1): 123-134, DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.9.150930
