identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
EF1DCB10FFDC257792F37CD6FD7FFEF2.text	EF1DCB10FFDC257792F37CD6FD7FFEF2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tyrannoscelio Masner, Johnson, and Arias-Penna 2007	<div><p>Tyrannoscelio Masner, Johnson, and Arias-Penna, new genus</p><p>figures 1–9</p><p>DESCRIPTION: Length 3.1–4.2 mm; body cylindrical, almost cigar-shaped, with relatively short legs, antenna; head massive; mesosoma, metasoma normally proportioned; head, metasoma dark brown to black, mesosoma dark brown to rufous; macropterous.</p><p>Head (figs. 1–6) remarkably large, distinctly longer than wide in dorsal view, length 1.5–1.6 times greatest width; upper frons strongly produced anteriorly into shelf (figs. 3, 4: fs), anterior margin produced into upcurved, truncate projections; hyperoccipital carina absent; occipital carina well developed, continuous medially, finely crenulate; lateral ocellus close to inner orbit of compound eye, OOL short, less than diameter of lateral ocellus (figs. 1, 5, 6); compound eye large, with scattered elongate setae (fig. 5); frons largely flat or weakly concave, smooth, glabrous medially; area between compound eye, antennal insertion, and base of mandible deeply concave, corresponding to shift in position of anterior mandibular articulation, with arched rugulae parallel to base of mandible, moderately setose; interantennal process strongly produced anteriorly, torulus opening laterally from process; submedian carina absent; orbital carina present, extending along inner orbit, ventrally continuing toward posterior mandibular articulation; lower frons without fanlike striae; interocular space broad; inner orbits parallel; clypeus strongly raised beneath interantennal process; anteclypeus divided from postclypeus by strong arcuate carina, anteclypeus transverse, convex, dorsoventrally carinate, with four elongate setae arising from apical margin; postclypeus smooth, concave, apical margin strongly concave; malar sulcus absent; gena greatly expanded, convex, lower margin deeply notched at position of posterior mandibular articulation; labrum hidden beneath clypeus; mandible (figs. 2, 3, 4: md) extremely long, directed anteriorly, anterior articulation deeply invaginated, posterior articulation shifted anteriorly to side of head, mandibular range of movement primarily dorsoventral, with weak transverse component; mandible with numerous strongly developed teeth along both inner and outer margins; maxillary palpus four-segmented, all segments cylindrical; labial palpus two-segmented; antenna 12merous in both sexes; radicle inserted apically into A1, nearly parallel to longitudinal axis of A1; A1 widest basally, gradually narrowed toward apex; A3 longer than A2; apical six antennomeres expanded into clava in female; gustatory sensilla on female antenna arranged in longitudinal pairs on apical antennomeres; claval formula A8-A12 1-2-2-2-1; male antenna (fig. 9) without visible tyloids or differentiated sex segment, flagellomeres cylindrical, each constricted basally and apically, with erect setae.</p><p>Mesosoma (figs. 1, 2) cylindrical, in dorsal view longer than wide, in lateral view deep, somewhat flattened dorsally; pronotum in dorsal view narrow laterally, anterolateral corners rounded; transverse pronotal carina absent; epomial carina absent; pronotal humeral carina present; anterior face of pronotum extremely narrow, hidden in dorsal view; lateral face of pronotum largely flat to weakly concave, facing anteriorly, without scrobe for reception of foreleg; netrion (fig. 2: n) very broad, as wide as tegula, fusiform, open ventrally; anterior margin of mesoscutum meeting pronotum anteriorly, not dorsally; mesoscutum semioval in outline; parapsidal lines absent; notauli present, nearly percurrent or abbreviated; skaphion present, narrow, posterior margin strongly carinate; transscutal articulation well developed, crenulate; scutellum (figs. 7, 8: sctl) wider than long, unarmed, convex, weak medial longitudinal furrow; axilla well developed; metanotum narrow, dorsellum (figs. 7, 8: d) clearly differentiated, produced into flat lamella, apical margin variable in armature; dorsal surface of propodeum with dense, fine pilosity; keels, plicae of propodeum not developed; posterior face of propodeum punctate, setose; mesopleuron large, prominent; mesopleural depression well developed; mesopleural carina indicated by line of crenulae or short, parallel longitudinal rugulae; sternaulus absent; mesopleural pit present, shallow; anterior margin of ventral portion of mesepisternum straight, not protruding between forecoxae; mesepisternum and mesepimeron separated by line of welldeveloped foveae; episternal foveae absent; dorsal corner of mesepimeron rounded, without posterior tooth; anteroventral portion of metapleuron rounded, not separated from lateral face by carina, setose; metapleural pit absent; posterior margin of metapleuron lamellate; metapleuron separated from propodeum dorsally by deep groove; propodeum without longitudinal carinae, setose throughout, posterolateral corners weakly projecting posteriorly; legs relatively slender; posterior surface of hindcoxa smooth; femora not incrassate; trochantellus present on all legs; outer surface of foretibia and midtibia with strong semierect spines; tibial spur formula 1- 1-1, tarsal formula 5-5-5; tarsomeres tapering in width apically, second tarsomere for foretarsus rather short; pretarsal claws simple; apex of forewing extending to T4 or beyond, moderately infuscate, marginal cilia short but distinct; R fairly straight, extending through basal 0.5 of length of forewing, extending to costal margin, with strong bristles arising throughout its length, costal portion (marginal vein) very short, nearly punctiform, wing membrane around this point infuscate, forming pseudostigma; R 1 absent or extremely short, therefore without postmarginal vein; rrs (stigmal vein) straight, arising from costal margin; no other tracheate veins in forewing; hindwing with R tracheate throughout its length, extending to hamuli and costal margin; no strong dark bristles on R; three hamuli present.</p><p>Metasoma (figs. 1, 2) more or less cylindrical, terga slightly flattened, sterna deep, convex; T3 distinctly the longest tergite; female with 7 terga, 6 sterna visible externally, male with 8 terga, 7 sterna visible externally; submarginal ridge well developed, defined by narrow laterotergites to form deep submarginal rim; no spiracles visible; anterior margin of segment 1 deeply crenulate; suture between segments 1 and 2 basally crenulate; sutures between other segments simple; female T6 without median raised field of microsetae or secretion; S1 arched, not laterally compressed, not extending anteriorly between hindcoxae; anterior margin of S2 straight; narrow sublateral felt fields present on S2; ovipositor not dissected.</p><p>+</p><p>DIAGNOSIS: Distinguished from Sparasion by the 1-1-1 tibial spur formula, lack of bulla in R (submarginal vein), lack of a postmarginal vein; distinguished from Acanthoscelio by the well-developed, distinct forewing venation, the complete R in the hindwing extending to the hamuli, and the semicircular scutellum lacking lateral spines; distinguished from Encyrtoscelio and Breviscelio by the elongate metasoma with T3 being the longest tergite. Additionally, Tyrannoscelio can be separated from all these genera by the presence of a narrow skaphion at the anterior part of the mesoscutum.</p><p>TYPE SPECIES: Tyrannoscelio genieri Masner and Johnson, new species .</p><p>ETYMOLOGY: From tyranno -, master or despot, and scelio, the name for the nominal genus of the family, alluding to both its formidable head and that of the theropod Tyrannosaurus .</p><p>GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION: Neotropical, known from southeast Brazil (Espírito Santo) and Colombia (Caquetá).</p><p>COMMENTS: Tyrannoscelio does not fit naturally into the current, uncertain tribal classification of the Scelionidae . Three characters stand out as being of possible significance in assessing its relationships: the presence of a skaphion, the absence of a malar sulcus, and the absence of a sex segment in the male antenna.</p><p>The skaphion is an anterior subdivision of the mesoscutum. It is found in all genera of the Thoronini (sensu Masner, 1972), but is also scattered among other genera, including Parascelio Dodd (the only genus within the Parascelionini) and many Psilanteridini sensu Masner (1976) . Austin and Field (1997) strongly suggested that Psilanteridini is not monophyletic, and they provided evidence for a major monophyletic group within the Scelioninae, the Scelionini sensu lato, united on the basis of a suite of characters from the ovipositor. (We chose not to sacrifice one of the few female specimens of Tyrannoscelio in order to dissect the ovipositor, the character suite used to define Scelionini s.l.) When mapped onto their consensus cladogram (Austin and Field, 1997: fig. 189), the skaphion appears in seven different lineages. Even when some of these are clustered together on the basis of this character, it appears that the skaphion has either appeared or disappeared at least three times in the course of scelionid evolution.</p><p>The malar sulcus, extending from the lower portion of the compound eye to the base of the mandibles, is a feature present in practically all Scelionidae . It is notably absent, however, in several of the genera usually considered to be basal within the family: Archaeoscelio Brues (an extinct genus from Baltic amber), Nixonia Masner, Sparasion Latreille, Sceliomorpha Ashmead, Plaumannion Masner and Johnson, Huddlestonium Polaszek and Johnson, as well as in practically all genera of Platygastridae (all except Metaclisis Förster and Orseta Masner and Huggert). We consider it likely that the absence of a malar sulcus is plesiomorphic. Thus, its absence in Tyrannoscelio implies either that the genus must be excluded from a group comprising most scelionids, or that the sulcus has been secondarily lost, possibly in concert with the development of the other striking modifications of its head structure.</p><p>Finally, almost all scelionid and platygastrid males have one or more antennomeres modified into a so-called ‘‘sex-segment.’’ This segment is usually A 5 in scelionids and A 4 in platygastrids, and the ‘‘basal’’ genera Archaeoteleia Masner, Nixonia, Sparasion, and Sceliomorpha often have several antennomeres (up to five, from A4 to A8) bearing tyloids. Tyrannoscelio is one of very few species in the superfamily in which there appears to be no such modification. Notably, one of these is Archaeoscelio, although we must admit that this may be an artifact arising from the difficulty of observing minute features in amber material.</p><p>KEY TO SPECIES OF TYRANNOSCELIO</p><p>1. Mesoscutum and scutellum longitudinally rugose; notauli nearly percurrent; dorsellum semicircular; apical margin of frontal ledge with 10 projections; outer margin of mandible with three teeth (Brazil)..................... T. genieri Masner and Johnson, n.sp. — Mesoscutum and scutellum punctate-rugulose; notauli very short; dorsellum tridentate; apical margin of frontal ledge with 14 projections; outer margin of mandible with five to six teeth (Colombia)... T. crenatus Arias-Penna, n.sp.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF1DCB10FFDC257792F37CD6FD7FFEF2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	MASNER, LUBOMÍR;JOHNSON, NORMAN F.;ARIAS-PENNA, TANIA MILENA	MASNER, LUBOMÍR, JOHNSON, NORMAN F., ARIAS-PENNA, TANIA MILENA (2007): Tyrannoscelio, a New Genus of Neotropical Scelionidae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea) with Description of Two New Species. American Museum Novitates 3551 (1): 1-8, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)3551[1:TANGON]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)3551%5B1%3ATANGON%5D2.0.CO%3B2
EF1DCB10FFDB257792DB78E4FC4FF9A4.text	EF1DCB10FFDB257792DB78E4FC4FF9A4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tyrannoscelio genieri Masner and Johnson 2007	<div><p>Tyrannoscelio genieri Masner and Johnson, new species</p><p>figures 1–3, 5, 7</p><p>DESCRIPTION: Holotype female: Length: 4.2 mm; head, metasoma dark brown to black; anterior margin of frontal ledge, mandibles, A8–A11 brown; mesosoma light brown; legs, A1–A7 pale yellow.</p><p>Head large, elongate, length 1.6 times width; vertex rugulose punctate, sculpture with strong longitudinal orientation, covered with numerous semidecumbent setae, medially with longitudinal furrow extending from occipital carina to median ocellus; frontal ledge strongly produced, with 11 longitudinal costulae, between costulae with line of setigerous punctures, anterior margin of ledge produced into 10 upcurved, truncate projections, lower surface of projections smooth, setose; upper portion of gena longitudunally rugulose, otherwise largely smooth, with sparse setose punctures near eye; mandible long, sigmoid, apical half dentate, outer margin with three acute, ventrally directed teeth, inner margin with two acute teeth, long truncate basal tooth, apex of mandible spatulate.</p><p>Mesosoma height 1.5 times width; mesoscutum finely, longitudinally costulate, covered with fine dark setae; notauli present, fine, nearly percurrent; scutellum longitudinally costulate, covered with fine dark setae; dorsellum in form of semicircular lamella, without armature; forewing extending to apex of T4.</p><p>Metasoma length 2.0 times greatest width; T1 longitudinally costate, with simple line of setae along lateral margin; T2 longitudinally costulate, largely glabrous medially, finely setose laterally; T3 longitudinally costulate with superimposed coriaceous microsculpture, setose throughout; T4–T6 shallowly punctate with coriaceous microsculpture, densely setose throughout; sensory bristles arising from cercus short.</p><p>Male: Nearly identical to female; somewhat smaller, length 3.5–4.0 mm; A1–A2 pale yellow, A3–A12 dark brown; A3 much longer than A2; flagellomeres elongate, with erect setae, each flagellomere distinctly separated; mandible narrower; forewing extending posteriorly to apex of metasoma.</p><p>DIAGNOSIS: Distinguished from T. crenatus by the semicircular dorsellum, the longitudinally costate mesoscutum and scutellum, the elongate notauli, the smaller number of mandibular teeth, and the smaller number of projections on the frontal ledge.</p><p>ETYMOLOGY: Named in honor of one of the earliest collectors of the type series, François Génier (Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa).</p><p>MATERIAL EXAMINED: Holotype female: BRAZIL: Espírito Santo, 19 ° 58 ' 19.5 " S 40 ° 32 ' 10.3 " W, Linhares, Reserva Biológica Sooretama, 21–24.III.2002, ponto trilha 1, Möricke, C.O. Azevedo &amp; equipe col, OSUC 147597. Deposited in MZSP . Paratypes: BRAZIL: Espírito Santo, 19 ° 58 ' 19.5 " S 40 ° 32 ' 10.3 " W, Linhares, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-3.0&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -3.0/lat -9.0)">Reserva Biológica Sooretama</a>, ponto trilha 3, 21–24.III.2002, Malaise, C.O. Azevedo &amp; equipe col., 5 males (OSUC 147592, 147593, 147594, 147595, 147596); ponto trilha 1, Malaise, 1 male (OSUC 147600); ponto trilha 1, Möricke, 1 male (OSUC 147599); ponto Bosque 6, Malaise, 1 male (OSUC 147589); 24–27.III.2002, ponto trilha 1, Möricke, 2 males (OSUC 147598, 147607); 06.IV.2002, amostra #1, Varredura [sweeping], 2 males (OSUC 147585, 147586). 19 ° 03 ' 50 " S 39 ° 58 ' 43 " W, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-3.0&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -3.0/lat -9.0)">Município de Linhares</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-3.0&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -3.0/lat -9.0)">Fazenda Lagoa do Macuco</a>; 10 m; 28.I.2000 -51, F. Génier &amp; S. Ide, primary lowland Atlantic forest, sandy soil, ex. f.i.t. 1–3, day 4; 1 male, 1 female (OSUC 148932, 148933). 19 ° 08 ' 50 " S 39 ° 58 ' 43 " W; Municíp. Linhares, 10 m; 28.I. 2000, F. Génier; Atlantic for .; FIT, 1 male, 1 female (OSUC 148934, 148935). 20 ° 04 ' 27,9 " S 40 ° 44 ' 51,3 " O [W], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-3.0&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -3.0/lat -9.0)">Sta. Maria de Jetiba-Fazenda Clarindo Grüger</a>; 06–13.XII.2002, Malaise T5, Tavares, Azevedo &amp; eq. col., 2 males (OSUC 148936, 148937). Cariacica, Res. Biol. Duas Bocas, 04.X.1996, Möricke, Azevedo &amp; equipe, col.; 2 males (OSUC 163999, 163400). (CNCI, MZSP, OSUC, UFES)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF1DCB10FFDB257792DB78E4FC4FF9A4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	MASNER, LUBOMÍR;JOHNSON, NORMAN F.;ARIAS-PENNA, TANIA MILENA	MASNER, LUBOMÍR, JOHNSON, NORMAN F., ARIAS-PENNA, TANIA MILENA (2007): Tyrannoscelio, a New Genus of Neotropical Scelionidae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea) with Description of Two New Species. American Museum Novitates 3551 (1): 1-8, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)3551[1:TANGON]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)3551%5B1%3ATANGON%5D2.0.CO%3B2
EF1DCB10FFDB257690A07F57FB8EFE86.text	EF1DCB10FFDB257690A07F57FB8EFE86.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tyrannoscelio crenatus MASNER & JOHNSON & ARIAS-PENNA 2007	<div><p>Tyrannoscelio crenatus Arias-Penna, new species</p><p>figures 4, 6, 8</p><p>DESCRIPTION: Holotype female: Length:</p><p>3.1 mm; head, scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, netrion, metapleuron dark brown; anterior margin of frontal ledge, mandibles, pronotum, mesonotum, propleuron light brown; antenna, legs yellow; metasoma predominantly dark brown, lighter medially.</p><p>Head globose, length 1.5 times width; vertex rugulose punctate covered with decumbent setae; frontal ledge strongly produced with 10 longitudinal costulae, between costulae transversely subdivided by sculpture, anterior margin produced into 14 upcurved, obtuse projections, lower surface of projections smooth; upper portion of gena rugulose punctuate, otherwise largely smooth, with sparse punctures; mandible long, sigmoid, apical twothirds dentate, outer margin with five to six acute, ventrally directed teeth, inner margin with two acute teeth, apex of mandible acute.</p><p>Mesosoma height 1.4 times width; mesoscutum densely punctuate, covered with decumbent hairs; notauli abbreviated; scutellum rugulose-punctate, covered with sparse, erect hairs; dorsellum tridentate, teeth short, subequal in length, lateral teeth curved medially; forewing extending to T5.</p><p>Metasoma length 2.1 times greatest width; T1 longitudinally costate; T2 longitudinally costate medially, rugulose-punctate laterally, largely glabrous medially, setose laterally; T3– T4 medially and along anterior margin smooth, otherwise punctate with coriaceous microsculpture, finely setose; T5–T6 punctate with coriaceous microsculpture, densely setose throughout; cercus with long sensory bristles.</p><p>Male unknown.</p><p>DIAGNOSIS: Distinguished from T. genieri by the tridentate dorsellum, the punctate mesoscutum and scutellum, the short notauli, the greater number of mandibular teeth, and the greater number or projections on margin of the frontal ledge.</p><p>ETYMOLOGY: From the Latin crenatus, notched or toothed, referring to the anterior margin of the frontal ledge.</p><p>MATERIAL EXAMINED: Holotype female: COLOMBIA: 0 ° 10 ' 47 " N 72 ° 27 ' 24 " W, Caquetá, Solano, PNN Serranía de Chiribiquete, Río Sararamano, bosque tierra firme, 250 m, pitfall T1-T1, 05.IV.2000, E. González. Deposited in IAVH. Paratype: COLOMBIA: 0 ° 32 ' 04 " N 72 ° 37 ' 57.5 " W, Caquetá, Solano, PNN Serranía de Chiribiquete, Río Cuñare, bosque tierra firme, 250 m, pitfall T2–T3, 17–19.XI.2000, E. González &amp; M. Ospina, 1 female (OSUC 148938). (CNCI)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF1DCB10FFDB257690A07F57FB8EFE86	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	MASNER, LUBOMÍR;JOHNSON, NORMAN F.;ARIAS-PENNA, TANIA MILENA	MASNER, LUBOMÍR, JOHNSON, NORMAN F., ARIAS-PENNA, TANIA MILENA (2007): Tyrannoscelio, a New Genus of Neotropical Scelionidae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea) with Description of Two New Species. American Museum Novitates 3551 (1): 1-8, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)3551[1:TANGON]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)3551%5B1%3ATANGON%5D2.0.CO%3B2
