identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
ED034321FFECFF956944FC2F51BCFCEB.text	ED034321FFECFF956944FC2F51BCFCEB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Friesodielsia papuana Ezedin 2024	<div><p>2. Friesodielsia papuana Ezedin, sp. nov. — Fig. 2, 3; Map 1</p><p>Similar to F.glauca but differs by its longer laminas,longer flowering pedicels, larger sepals,petals, and in the fruits generally bearing more monocarps. — Type: Hartley 12278 (holo A [A00871713, A00871714]; iso L [L.1765022], LAE [65442], RSA [RSA 0448536]), Papua New Guinea, Morobe, Bunga River about 15 miles NE of Lae, 15 m, 24 Oct. 1963 (fl) .</p><p>Etymology. After the island of New Guinea.</p><p>Woody climbers when adults, upright to scrambling trees or shrubs when juvenile. Indument largely absent but sometimes sparsely present on young twigs and petioles, hairs simple, yellowish, appressed. Twigs slender, terete, upright to twining, when young glabrous green to light(-dark) brown, when older greyish brown to black, often lenticellate. Leaves narrowly oblong when juvenile to narrowly elliptic when mature, (7.5–)13–19(–24) by 2.9–5.5(–6) cm, chartaceous, glossy dark green above and glaucous blue-green below in vivo, (light-) dark brown above and glaucous light brown below in sicco, apex acuminate when juvenile and rounded to acute when adult, base obtuse to rounded when juvenile and rounded to subcordate when adult, margins entire, undulate in juveniles; petioles 3–5 mm long, grooved, glabrous, (light) green in vivo, black in sicco; venation eucamptodromous, primary vein sharply impressed above, prominent below, number of secondary veins (9–)11–17(–21), weakly impressed above, slightly raised below, spaced 12 –21 mm apart, tertiary veins inconspicuous to weakly prominent above, straight percurrent, c. 45° to the primary vein, quaternary veins somewhat irregular, straight (to forked) percurrent. Flowers solitary, internodal, supra-axillary, (whitish to) light orange at anthesis; pedicel (2–)3.5–4.5 by c. 0.1 cm, sparsely appressed hairy to subglabrous; bract borne at 1/3 the distance from the base, triangular, c. 3 by 1–1.5 mm, outer side densely appressed hairy, inner side glabrous; sepals 3, free, triangular, c. 8 by 4 mm, apex acute, glabrous; outer petals 3, narrowly obovate triangular, c. 55 by 6–9 mm, glabrous; inner petals 3, c. 1/4 as long as the outer petals, 14–16 by 3–4 mm, glabrous; stamens many, in 4–5 series, 1.5–2 mm long, connective apex truncate, pentagonal, irregular, curved away from thecae towards the stigmatic center, without prominent prolongation; carpels many, in 3–4 series, 4–5 mm long, stigmas c. 2 mm long, apex hairy, ovaries c. 2 mm long, densely golden brown hairy, ovules 1 per ovary. Fruits consisting of (9–)13–28 monocarps, each aggregate cluster up to 4.3 cm wide; pedicel 3.5–4 by 0.1–0.2 cm, subwoody, thickened distally; stipe 6–8 mm long; monocarps subglobose to ovoid, 7–10 by 4–6 mm, apex mucronate, yellow to reddish then maturing purple, pericarp thin. Seeds ovoid, 6–8 by 5–6.5 mm, testa yellow brown.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesian Papua and Papua New Guinea.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — Occurs in lowlands to lower montane forests up to 1 060 m a.s.l. Appears to be more commonly associated with ridges and steep slopes in hill forest. Thus far known from the Papuan Peninsula region on the PNG side and from the Vogelkop Peninsula and Aru Islands on the Indonesian side. The species appears to grow in a wide variety of substrates including clayey and sandy soils. Flowering: June–December; fruiting: February–November; it likely flowers and fruits year round. In the floral chamber of the type specimen, Hartley 12278, several small beetles representing at least three distinct species were found. They belong to the families Nitidulidae and Staphylinidae, which have been previously recorded in Annonaceae and species of the latter have been recorded previously in F. borneensis (Miq.) Steenis as active vectors of pollen (Gottsberger &amp; Webber 2017, Lau et al. 2017). Fruit dispersers unknown.</p><p>Vernacular name — Ipé kapé simi (Magɨ).</p><p>Uses — Semi-dried leaves are used as rolling paper in the making of traditional cigarettes (Wanang).</p><p>Conservation status — Least Concern (LC). This species has a broad distribution across New Guinea, including the Aru Islands. It appears to occupy various types of lowland forest habitats on various substrates, thus lessening the impacts of any potential threat. At the WFDP, this species appears to be rather infrequent with only ten juvenile individuals having been counted (mistakenly as ‘trees’) in the most recent plot census. However, this is an artifact since adult individuals are not counted in the census due to being lianescent. Therefore, an assessment of LC is given here (IUCN 2022) .</p><p>Specimens examined (paratypes). INDONESIA, Maluku, Aru Islands Regency, P. Kobroor, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=134.75&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-6.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 134.75/lat -6.25)">Kp. Kobroor</a>, S6°15' E134°45', 10 m, 26 Mar. 1993 (fr), van Balgooy &amp; Mamesah 6467 (L [L.1765063, L.1765064, L.1765065, U.1072544]) ; ibid., 27 Mar.1993 (fr), van Balgooy &amp; Mamesah 6484 (L [L.4345925]); West Papua, Sorong, behind Kp. Baroe, 28 July 1948 (fl), Djamahari 408 (BO [1371791], L [L.1765014]) . – PAPUA NEW GUINEA, Central, Mori River, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=148.33333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.166667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 148.33333/lat -10.166667)">Abau</a> subdist., 240 m, S10°10' E148°20', 13 Feb. 1969 (fr), Henty &amp; Lelean NGF 41857 (L [L.1765013], LAE [111521]) ; Central,between the villages of Kubuna and Baikodu on the road to Tapini, 220 m, 5 Sept. 1998 (st), Katik &amp; Rali 482 (LAE [272812]) ; Madang, S of the Gogol River near Mawan village (c. 25 km inland), 60 m, 22 June 1955 (fl), Hoogland 4924 (LAE [8783]) ; Madang, near Swire Station, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=145.07973&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.2275" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 145.07973/lat -5.2275)">Usino-Bundi district</a>, S5°13'39" E145°4'47", 80–180 m, 14 Nov. 2022 (st), Ezedin 1395 (MIN) ; Morobe, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=147.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-6.4666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 147.8/lat -6.4666667)">Heldsbach</a>, 212 m, S6°28' E147°48', 13 Sept. 1935 (st), Clemens 115 (L [L.1765021]) ; ibid., 9 Nov. 1935 (fr), Clemens 886 (L [L.1765020]) ; Morobe, Bulolo Valley, 1067 m, 6 June 1956 (fr), Womersley &amp; Jones NGF 8815 (A [A00871715], LAE [9009: 2 shts]) ; Morobe, W of Bulolo, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=146.66667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.1666665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 146.66667/lat -7.1666665)">Bulolo-Watut</a> divide, S7°10' E146°40', 792 m, 20 Dec. 1965 (fl), Frodin &amp; Hill NGF 26345 (L [L.1765015], LAE [76254]) ; Morobe, Mt. Susu, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=146.66667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.1666665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 146.66667/lat -7.1666665)">Bulolo</a>, S7°10' E146°40', 910 m, 8 Aug. 1967 (fl), Streimann &amp; Kairo NGF 30743 (A, L [L.1760504]) ; Morobe, Hills near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=146.93333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-6.65" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 146.93333/lat -6.65)">Taraka</a>, S6°39' E146°56', 150 m, Mar. 2006 (fr), Takeuchi &amp; Ama 20985 (K [K001870511], L [L.3729202, L.3729203]) .</p><p>Notes — 1. Friesodielsia papuana looks similar to F. glauca, which is a variable and complex species found primarily in western Malesia (Satthaphorn et al. 2024). Although there are several specimens of the latter species observed with overlapping character states, the New Guinea specimens appear to be distinct. A morphological comparison of useful traits between the two species and a couple others is provided in Table 1.</p><p>2. It should be noted that the juvenile morphology of F. papuana appears to differ from that of adult individuals. When juvenile, its growth is upright to scrambling and thus its habit may appear as that of a small tree or shrub (pers. obs.). During this juvenile phase, the leaves are often narrower, much longer (up to c. 38 cm long), more narrowly elliptic-oblong with the apices long-acuminate, and the margins undulate (Fig. 2, 3a). In its adult stage, its habit is that of a true woody climber and the leaves become broader and the apex not as strongly taper- ing (Fig. 3b). These observations are further substantiated by those made by the indigenous landowners (pers. comm.), who recognize the juvenile and adult morphologies as part of the same taxon. The flowers are described as white (Djamahari 408), yellow and red (Streimann &amp; Kairo NGF 30743), or pale yellow and weakly fragrant (van Balgooy &amp; Mamesah 6467).</p><p>3. The specimen chosen as the type was included in the phylogenetic study by Guo et al. (2018b: f. 6, S2), where it was found to resolve in clade II of the genus, sister to F. longiflora (Merr.) Steenis of the Philippines with questionable support. Despite this, it was still found to be nested in a well-supported subclade consisting of Filipino and Malayan species: F. bakeri, F. latifolia (Hook.f. &amp; Thomson) Steenis, F. paucinervis (Merr.) Steenis.Biogeographic analyses point to the ancestor of F. papuana arriving from the Philippines (Guo et al. 2018b: f. S3, S4).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034321FFECFF956944FC2F51BCFCEB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ezedin, Z	Ezedin, Z (2024): A synopsis of Friesodielsia (Annonaceae) in New Guinea. Blumea 69 (2): 161-170, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2024.69.02.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2024.69.02.05
ED034321FFEAFF986A0BFCA25668FA78.text	ED034321FFEAFF986A0BFCA25668FA78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Friesodielsia subaequalis (Scheff.) R. M. K. Saunders, X. Guo & C. C. Tang	<div><p>3. Friesodielsia subaequalis (Scheff.) R.M.K.Saunders, X.Guo &amp; C.C.Tang — Fig. 4; Map 1</p><p>Friesodielsia subaequalis (Scheff.) R.M.K.Saunders, X.Guo &amp; C.C.Tang (2020) 183. — Mitrephora subaequalis Scheff. (1885) 20. — Schefferomitra subaequalis (Scheff.) Diels (1912) 152. — Lectotype (designated by Diels 1912): Beccari PN 523 (lecto FI-B [B100365083] photo; isolecto B [B 10 0365083] photo, FI-B n.v.), Indonesia, West Papua, Andai, 22 Aug. 1872 (fl).</p><p>Mitrephora subaequalis var. macrocalyx Scheff. (1885) 21. — Lectotype (designated by Turner 2018): Beccari PP 863 (lecto FI-B [FI007599] photo), Indonesia, Papua, Monte Arfak a Putat, Oct. 1872 (fl).</p><p>Woody climbers or scrambling shrubs. Indument present on twigs, petioles, veins, and abaxial laminas, hairs simple, golden orange. Twigs slender, terete, upright to twining, when young orangish rusty pubescent, when older dark brown to grey, glabrous, (densely) lenticellate. Leaves variable, (elliptic to) oblong to obovate, (5–)10–25 by (3–) 6–9 cm, chartaceous, dull mid(-dark) green above and bluish white glaucous below in vivo, light (reddish) brown above and glaucous light brown below in sicco, apex rounded (to bluntly acute) to mucronate (to subacuminate), base acute (to rounded) to subcordate, sometimes weakly asymmetric, margins entire; petioles 4–10 mm long, shallowly grooved, glabrescent, light green in vivo, dark brown in sicco; venation eucamptodromous to weakly brochidodromous, primary vein (weakly) impressed above, prominent below, pubescent above, number of secondary veins (9–)12– 15, flat above, slightly raised below, spaced 1–2 cm apart, tertiary veins conspicuous below, straight percurrent, c. 45° to the primary vein, quaternary veins regular, straight (to forked) percurrent. Flowers solitary, leaf-opposed to supra-axillary, off-white or cream at anthesis; pedicel (1–)2–4 by c. 0.2 cm, rusty brown hairy; bract borne at 1/3–1/2(–3/4) the distance from the base, triangular, 3–6 by 1–2 mm, outer side densely hairy, inner side glabrous; sepals 3, free, triangular, 3–4 by 4–5 mm, apex acute, outer side hairy, inner side subglabrous, with a continuous ring of hairs surrounding the base of the outer petals; outer petals 3, fleshy, broadly ovate-elliptic, c. 10–20 by 8–15 mm, spreading, outer side lightly rusty hairy, inner side glabrous; inner petals 3, ± equal to the outer petals, rounded, apically connivent and forming a mitriform dome, glabrous; stamens many, in 3–5 series, 2–3 mm long, connective apex rounded, dome- to tongue-shaped; carpels many, in 2–3 series, c. 3 mm long, vase-shaped, stigmas c. 2 mm long, (sub-) glabrous, apex flattened and curved outwards, ovaries c. 1 mm long, densely rusty orange hairy. Fruits consisting of (3–)6–14 monocarps, each aggregate cluster up to 6 cm wide; pedicel 1–3 by (0.1–) 0.2 cm, subwoody, stipe (5–) 8–20 mm long, hairy; monocarps (sub)globose to ovoid(–oblong), 10(–15) by 8–10 mm, apex pointed mucronate, sparsely hairy, yellowish orange (to red) when mature, pericarp thin. Seeds 1 or rarely 2, (sub)globose, 7–8 by 5–6 mm, testa yellowish.</p><p>Distribution — Indonesian Papua and Papua New Guinea.</p><p>Habitat &amp;Ecology — Foundgrowingonlimestoneormaficsubstrates in primary lowland hill forests up to 400(–1200) m a.s.l. All specimens are known from below 400 m with the exception of one collection from Sattelberg at 900–1200 m. Often associated with ridges or crestlines. Flowering: July–August, fruiting: October–February. Pollinators and dispersers unknown.</p><p>Vernacular names — Asanaka (Waskuk), Fai (Wagu), Simed simi (Magɨ), Iekarwaar (Kebar).</p><p>Conservation status — Least Concern (LC). Very common liana found throughout the New Guinea lowlands on various substrates, including in regenerating secondary forests and along forest margins, suggesting some level of tolerance to disturbance. Due to this, it is here assessed as LC (IUCN 2022).</p><p>Specimens examined (paratypes). INDONESIA, Papua, Soengei Maroka [=? Sungai Merauke [= Sungai Maro]], Apr. 1901 (fr), Jaheri 341 (BO [1363625, 136326]) ; Papua, Ingenbit rd. to Opka, 8 June 1967, Reksodihardjo 418 (L [L.1765023]) . – PAPUA NEW GUINEA, Central, Kokoda, 365 m, 12 Mar. 1936 (fl), Carr 16117 (L [L.1768169], NY [NY04727934], SING) ; Central, Abau subdistrict c. 12 km N of Amazon Bay, N of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=149.38333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.183333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 149.38333/lat -10.183333)">Nunumai village</a> across <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=149.38333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-10.183333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 149.38333/lat -10.183333)">Ulumanok River</a>, 50 m, S10°11' E149°23', 23 June 1969 (fr), Kanis 1070 (A [A00871719], L [L.4266417], LAE [207906]) ; East Sepik, Sepikgebiet,[1912], Ledermann 9831 (A, L [L.4266425]) ; East Sepik, near Wagu, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=142.71666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.366667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 142.71666/lat -4.366667)">Ambunti</a> subdistrict, 91 m, S4°22' E142°43', 2 July 1966 (fl), Hoogland &amp; Craven 10431 (A [A00871722, A00871723], L [L.4266422], LAE [143742]) ; East Sepik, April River near confluence with the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=142.58333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.5666666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 142.58333/lat -4.5666666)">Sitipa</a>, 200 m, S4°34' E142°35', 22 July 1995 (fl), Takeuchi 10368 (A [A00871718], L [L.1765018, L.1765019]) ; East Sepik, April River, Samsai ridge near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=142.56667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.5666666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 142.56667/lat -4.5666666)">Bugabugi</a> camp, 200 m, S4°34' E142°34', 9 Sept. 1990, Takeuchi 6810 (A [A00871717], L [L.4266416]) ; Madang, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=145.16667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.2166667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 145.16667/lat -5.2166667)">Wanang village</a>, 115 m, S5°13' E145°10', 13 Aug. 2007 (st), Weiblen &amp; BRC WP4 B3505 (LAE [291738], MIN [912275]) ; Madang, near Swire Station, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=145.07973&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.2275" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 145.07973/lat -5.2275)">Usino-Bundi district</a>, S5°13'39" E145°4'47", 80–180 m, 11 Nov. 2022 (fl), Ezedin 1365 (A) ; Morobe, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=147.76666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-6.483333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 147.76666/lat -6.483333)">Sattelberg</a>, S6°29' E147°46', 900–1200 m, 29 Nov. 1935 (fl), Clemens 1002 (A [A00871726], BR [BR0000027842324], L [L.4266420, L.4266421]) ; Morobe, near the Butibum River about 7 miles N of Lae, 92 m, 19 Apr. 1963 (fl), Hartley 11636 (A [A00871727], LAE [66618], SING) ; Morobe, Busu River, 15 miles from Lae, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=147.0&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-6.5833335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 147.0/lat -6.5833335)">Lae</a> subdistrict, 76 m, S6°35' E147°00', 27 Mar. 1969 (fl, fr), Native collector for Womersley NGF 37479 (A [A00871725], BRI [AQ0351348], L [L.4266418], LAE [112176]) ; Morobe, Buaru Creek, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=146.91667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-6.5833335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 146.91667/lat -6.5833335)">Lae</a>, 91 m, S6°35' E146°55', 6 Apr. 1972 (fl, fr), Katik NGF 46875 (L [L.4266424], LAE [201583]) ; Morobe, Tributary of Busu River, above Sankwep River, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=147.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-6.55" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 147.05/lat -6.55)">Lae</a> subdistrict, 243 m, S6°33' E147°03', 13 Apr.1972 (fl), Katik for Womersley NGF 43923 (A [A00871724], BRI [AQ0351327], L [L.4266423], LAE [145606], SING) ; Morobe, N of Busu River and E of Sankwep River, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=146.98334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-6.55" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 146.98334/lat -6.55)">Gwabadik village</a>, S6°33' E146°59', 365 m, 11 Feb. 1993 (fr), Takeuchi 8769 (A [A00871716, A00871721], BRI [AQ1042659], L [L.1754994, L.1754995, L.3728780, L.3728781], LAE [266896], NSW [NSW825923, NSW825924], NY [NY03790717]) ; Morobe, Lae, hills near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=146.91667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-6.616667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 146.91667/lat -6.616667)">Taraka</a>, S6°37' E146°55', 200 m, 29 Aug. 2004 (fr), Takeuchi &amp; Ama 17066 (A [A00871720], K [K001870090], L [L.1767766, L.1767767, L.1767768, L.1767769, L.3728918, L.3728919], LAE [288582]) ; ibid., 29 Aug. 2004 (fl, fr), Takeuchi &amp; Ama 17066 B (L [L.1767762, L.1767763, L.1767764, L.1767765], LAE [283111]) ; Sandaun, Pevi, Vanimo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=141.33333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.6666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 141.33333/lat -2.6666667)">Vanimo</a> subdistrict, S2°40' E141°20', 120 m, 25 Jan. 1969 (fr), Streimann &amp; Kairo NGF 39182 (L [L.1765017], LAE [110739], SING) .</p><p>Notes — 1. First described as a species of Mitrephora Hook.f.</p><p>&amp; Thomson by Scheffer (1885), it was eventually moved to its own genus, named Schefferomitra, by Diels (1912). Until recently this species remained treated under the monotypic Schefferomitra, likely due to its lianescent habit and floral morphology. In subsuming it under Friesodielsia, Guo et al. (2017: 11) state that their detailed morphological study of the formerly monotypic genus “failed to reveal any character that supports the continued recognition of Schefferomitra ” and that the “only consistent difference” was the shape of the staminal connective, which is conical (vs truncate). However, the flowers generally look unlike most Friesodielsia which tend to have strongly unequal outer and inner petals that are narrowly triangular in shape, inner petals tightly enclosing the chamber with small apertures, and the outer petals almost never fully reflexed at anthesis. Instead, flowers of F. subaequalis bear subequal outer and inner petals, broadly ovate-elliptic petals, fully open and reflexed outer petals, inner petals that are only connivent at the apex forming a dome (reminiscent of the mitriform dome in some Miliuseae genera), and with wide apertures allowing ease of access to the inner chamber (Fig. 4c). The overall morphology of the petals recall those of the African Monanthotaxis obovata (Benth.) P.H.Hoekstra, a species formerly classified in Friesodielsia . Within the genus, as currently circumscribed, the species that most closely approaches it is the Indian F. sahyadrica N.V.Page &amp; Survesw. with its near subequal outer and inner petals (Page &amp; Surveswaran 2014). In light of the odd combination of floral traits, it is understandable as to why it had been classified separately in its own genus prior to being molecularly sampled.</p><p>2. Phylogenetically, F. subaequalis occupies and isolated, yet nested position within the genus, being sister to one of its two primary clades, named I and II by Guo et al. (2018a). Clade I, to which this species is sister, is composed of Malesian species whereas clade II, with F. sahyadrica as its sister, is primarily south Asian (Guo et al. 2017). The two clades can be differentiated primarily by the connivence of the outer petals in bud: free in clade II and connivent in clade I (Guo et al. 2018a). Another notable distinction of clade I is the near subequal petals of some species such as F. sahyadrica and F. calycina (King) Steenis. Given the ancestral positions of F. subaequalis and F. sahyadrica in clades I and II, respectively, subequal petals could represent retention of the ancestral trait at the base of crown Friesodielsia .</p><p>3. There is variability in laminar shape, ranging from (narrowly) elliptic to obovate and measuring 4.5 by 3 cm up to 18 by 8.5 cm in size. Specimen labels have variously reported its habit as a ‘liana’ (Womersley NGF 37479), ‘shrub-treelet’ ( Takeuchi 8769) or ‘treelet’ (Kanis 1070). However, all of these specimens are fruiting, suggesting that F. subaequalis either has a variable habit (shrub/tree to liana) perhaps determined by local environ- mental factors, or an ability to flower and set fruit at a relatively young age. The flowers are reported as green (Native collector for Womersley NGF 37479) to white ( Katik for Womersley NGF 43923). The specimen which deviates most prominently from the rest is Kanis 1070, with narrowly oblong laminas measuring 8–14 by 2.5–5 cm), twigs with longer hairs, abaxial laminas less densely hairy, fruiting pedicels not thickened, and monocarps noted as ripening red (vs orange).</p><p>4. Vegetatively, its morphology appears similar to that of F. pubescens (Merr.) Steenis from the Philippines, but the latter lacks the prominently raised tertiaries on the abaxial side.</p><p>5. The flowers emit no fragrance (pers. obs.).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034321FFEAFF986A0BFCA25668FA78	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ezedin, Z	Ezedin, Z (2024): A synopsis of Friesodielsia (Annonaceae) in New Guinea. Blumea 69 (2): 161-170, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2024.69.02.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2024.69.02.05
ED034321FFE7FF986944FA2C501DF853.text	ED034321FFE7FF986944FA2C501DF853.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Friesodielsia yelaensis Ezedin 2024	<div><p>4. Friesodielsia yelaensis Ezedin, sp. nov. — Fig. 5; Map 1</p><p>Differs from F. subaequalis in having caudate leaf apices, shorter pedicels, larger foliaceous medial bracts that are equal to or larger than the sepals, longer more prominent sepals. — Type: Brass 28329 (holo A [A00871712];iso BO [1372564], L [L.1765025] photo, LAE [29454],US [US 03900190] photo), Papua New Guinea, Milne Bay, Rossel Island, Abaleti, 50 m, 5 Oct. 1956 (fl) .</p><p>Etymology. After the indigenous name of Rossel Island (Yela).</p><p>Woody climbers. Twigs slender, terete, twining, when young densely rusty brown pubescent, when older longitudinally striate and black. Indument of simple hairs, dark brownish orange, covering twigs, petioles, and primary vein. Leaves oblong to obovate, (8.5–)10–14(–17.6) by 3–5(–6.8) cm, chartaceous, dark olivaceous to light brown above and dark olivaceous below in sicco, apex (acute to) acuminate to (strongly) caudate, base (sub)cordate, margins entire; petioles 6–11 by c. 2 mm, terete, adaxially flattened to weakly grooved, densely rusty pubescent when young then becoming glabrous, black; venation eucamptodromous to weakly brochidodromous, primary vein flat to weakly impressed above, prominent below, secondary veins 14–16(–18), ± flat above, weakly raised below, spaced 9 –20 mm apart, intersecondaries absent, tertiary veins prominent below, straight percurrent, closely spaced, c. 45° to the primary vein, quaternary veins irregular, forked to straight percurrent. Flowers solitary, internodal, supra-axillary and nearly leaf-opposed, appearing just below the leaf axils opposite the leaves, brown prior to anthesis; pedicels 0.3–1 by c. 0.1 cm, densely brown pubescent; bracts borne at c. 1/2 the distance from the base or appearing basal when flowers are subsessile, large, narrowly triangular, foliaceous and with distinct venation to the third order, equal to or larger than the sepals, 14–17 by 2–3 mm, pubescent on both sides, with hairs more dense on the primary vein and base; sepals 3, free, triangular, 10–14 by 3–4.5 mm, apex acuminate, pubescent on both sides, with hairs more dense on outer side and towards the base; outer petals 3, narrowly ovate-triangular, 50–65 by 5–7 mm, outer side (sparsely) hairy, inner side glabrous, with a prominent midrib; inner petals 3, narrowly ovate, c. 1/4 the length of the outer petals, c. 16 by 4–5 mm, glabrous, with a small tuft of hair at the apex; stamens 50–60, in 3–4 series, 1.5–2 mm long, connective apex truncate, pentagonal, irregular, curved away from thecae towards the stigmatic center, without prominent prolongation; carpels many, in 2–3 series, 3–3.5 mm long, stigmas 1–1.5 mm long, apex hairy, broad, curving outwards, partially covering the adjacent stamen series, ovaries c. 2 mm long, with appressed long hairs, ovules 1 per ovary. Fruits unknown.</p><p>Distribution — Papua New Guinea (Rossel Island). Only known from the type collection.</p><p>Habitat &amp; Ecology — Found in lowland rainforests at 50 m a.s.l. Flowering: October. Pollinators and dispersers unknown.</p><p>Conservation status — Data Deficient (DD). Thus far only known from the type collection from Rossel Island. Threats to the species are unknown, along with its true extent of occurrence. However, assuming the species is endemic to the island and given the island’s small size of 292.5 km 2, likely with an even smaller area of suitable habitat in non-degraded lowland forest, it would likely qualify as either endangered or critically endangered (IUCN 2022). Whether or not this species occurs at higher elevations is also not yet known, although this may be inconsequential assuming its endemicity to the island. Unfortunately, further field assessment would be needed to confirm its extent of occurrence on the island and whether or not populations are present on any adjacent islands of the Louisiade Archipelago (i.e., Sudest, Misima).</p><p>Notes — 1. Friesodielsia yelaensis is unique in the genus in several respects. First, it represents both the southernmost and easternmost occurring species of the genus at 11° south and 154° east. Its morphology is equally striking with its subsessile flowers and large triangular bracts and sepals, both of which are foliaceous. While large, foliaceous bracts and sepals are found in some other species such as the Indochinese F. affinis (Hook.f. &amp; Thomson) D.Das and the Peninsular Malaysian F. calycina, it is thus far unique for eastern Malesia. The combination of both floral and leaf traits easily distinguish this species from others in the region.</p><p>2. Being recorded from Rossel Island is also unique in itself. The island, which is the easternmost of the Louisiade Archipelago, is known to harbour an unusually high level of endemism for its small size of just under 300 km 2. There are a total of 38 endemic species recorded from the island, representing a wide array of families and even an endemic genus, Rosselia Forman ( Burseraceae) (Johns et al. 2009). Given this, it is likely that there are additional endemic taxa from the island that await description.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED034321FFE7FF986944FA2C501DF853	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ezedin, Z	Ezedin, Z (2024): A synopsis of Friesodielsia (Annonaceae) in New Guinea. Blumea 69 (2): 161-170, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2024.69.02.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2024.69.02.05
