identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
F155AC64B11EFFBC8AA3FDC1FA599D43.text	F155AC64B11EFFBC8AA3FDC1FA599D43.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Larnaca Walker 1869	<div><p>Genus Larnaca Walker, 1869</p><p>Types species: Larnaca fasciata Walker, 1869 .</p><p>Key to species of Larnaca Walker, 1869 known from China</p><p>1 Tegmina micropterous................................................................................. 2</p><p>– Tegmina mesopterous.................................................................................. 8</p><p>2 Spiniform processes on male ninth abdominal tergite curved dorsally............................................ 3</p><p>– Spiniform processes on male ninth abdominal tergite curved ventrally........................................... 6</p><p>3 Spiniform processes on male ninth abdominal tergite longer than styli............................................ 4</p><p>– Spiniform processes on male ninth abdominal tergite shorter than styli............................. L. (L.) lincangensis</p><p>4 Posterior margin of female seventh abdominal sternite smooth.................................................. 5</p><p>– Posterior margin of female seventh abdominal sternite with a concavity in the middle................. L. (L.) emarginata</p><p>5 Posterior margin of male subgenital plate with a deep concavity in the middle........................ L. (L.) longispina</p><p>– Posterior margin of male subgenital plate widely rounded convex................................... L. (L.) nigrifrons</p><p>6 Spiniform processes on male ninth abdominal tergite shorter than styli........................................... 7</p><p>– Spiniform processes on male ninth abdominal tergite longer than styli.................................. L. (L.) infolda</p><p>7 Tegmina squamous, reaching the anterior margin of first abdominal tergite.......................... L. (L.) xizangensis</p><p>– Tegmina subovate, reaching the posterior margin of mesonotum.................................. L. (L.) nigrimargis</p><p>8 Veins on tegmina black, cells translucent................................................................... 9</p><p>– Tegmina with basal part entirely orange; veins black with cells translucent at apex................................. 12</p><p>9 Face not black....................................................................................... 10</p><p>– Face totally black..................................................................... L. (L.) rubiabdomina</p><p>10 Posterior margin of female seventh abdominal with a concavity in the middle..................................... 11</p><p>– Posterior margin of female seventh abdominal sternite smooth........................................ L. (L.) qianlei</p><p>11 Face totally black..................................................................... L. (L.) rubiabdomina</p><p>– Face red when alive....................................................................... L. (L.) rufifronta</p><p>12 Styliform processes on posterior margin of female seventh abdominal sternite equal to the distance between them............................................................................................... L. (L.) nigrimacula</p><p>– Styliform processes on posterior margin of female seventh abdominal sternite shorter than the distance between them............................................................................................ L. (L.) lieyongzhou</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F155AC64B11EFFBC8AA3FDC1FA599D43	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yin, Zixu;Shen, Sizhong	Yin, Zixu, Shen, Sizhong (2025): New species and taxonomic notes of Larnaca Walker, 1869 from China (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae: Gryllacridinae). Zootaxa 5706 (1): 36-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5706.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5706.1.2
F155AC64B11EFFBA8AA3F9FFFDBF9AB7.text	F155AC64B11EFFBA8AA3F9FFFDBF9AB7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Larnaca (Larnaca) qianlei Yin & Shen 2025	<div><p>Larnaca (Larnaca) qianlei sp. nov.</p><p>千乐原üñ</p><p>(Figs. 1–6, 10; Tab. 1)</p><p>Holotype. ♂, China, Xizang Autonomous Region, Nyingchi City, Mêdog County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=95.17&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 95.17/lat 29.25)">Beibeng Township</a> (29.25°N, 95.17°E, Alt. 1800 m), 22-VII-2025, coll. local villager . Paratypes. 1♂, same data as for holotype . 1♀, China, Xizang Autonomous Region, Nyingchi City, Mêdog County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=95.49&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.66" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 95.49/lat 29.66)">Damu Lhoba Ethnic Township, Gongri Village</a> (29.66°N, 95.49°E, Alt. 2100 m), 30-IX-2021, coll. Qianle Lu.</p><p>Description. Small species. Head and thorax. Occiput smooth (Figs. 1B, 3B); fastigium of vertex about 1.4 times as broad as scape; scape as long as eye; pedicel about half length of scape. Eyes ovoid (Figs. 1A; 3A). Three ocelli distinct when alive (Fig. 6A). Anterior margin of pronotum convex in the middle, posterior margin generally convex; lateral lobes longer than deep, ventral margin slightly concave in the middle (Figs. 1 BC; 3BC). Tegmina brachypterous (Figs. 5 ABCD; 6BCD) to mesopterous, veins as in Figs. 4 AB; hind wings as long as tegmina (Figs. 5A; 6 BD). The second and third abdominal tergites each bear two rows of stridulatory pegs, the fourth abdominal tergite in female bears sparse stridulatory pegs (Figs. 1D; 3 CE).</p><p>Legs. Fore coxa with a spine at fore margin (Figs. 1C; 3C); fore and mid femora unarmed; fore and mid tibiae dorsally unarmed; fore tibiae ventrally with 4 pairs of spines and one pair of smaller spurs; mid tibiae ventrally with 4 external and 3–4 internal spines and one pair of smaller spurs; hind femora ventrally with 3–4 internal spinules and 6–8 external spinules; hind tibiae dorsally with 6–7 internal spinules, 5–6 external spinules and one pair of apical spurs, ventrally with 2 pairs of apical spurs. Internal margins of hind femora with a row of stridulatory denticles (Fig. 1E).</p><p>Male. Eighth abdominal tergite prolonged; ninth abdominal tergite curved downwards, furrowed along midline into 2 lobes with long hair covered, which apical area rather elongated into two long spiniform processes with finely granular surface, greatly crossed at midline and pointing inside (Figs. 2 ACD). Cerci slender and incurved (Figs. 2 ACD). Subgenital plate covered with long hair, broader than long; anterior margin straight; posterior margin bi-globular with slight-shaped median incision; styli elongated and incurved, inserted in posterior area of lateral margin of subgenital plate, also covered with hair (Fig. 2B).</p><p>Female. Seventh abdominal sternite of normal size, posterior margin straight and smooth (Fig. 3G). About 2/3 of the frontal area covered with hair, rest area bare. Subgenital plate covered with hair, rather wide but short, rapidly narrows down to a trapezoidal terminal area and left the basal part of ovipositor exposed, terminal edge slightly concave (Fig. 3G). Ovipositor falcate and strongly upcurved; both its dorsal and ventral margins are smooth and nearly parallel to each other until just before the apex, tip subacute (Fig. 3F).</p><p>Coloration. Upper and side parts of head generally black, transit to the same color as face around side-hind margin area; face generally yellowish white; ocellus whiteish yellow when alive; mandibles brown. Pronotum generally the same color as face, with dark frontal and lateral margins; one pair of larger, triangular dots are found in the frontal area fused with the dark margin while another pair of smaller, rectangular dots fuse with lateral dark margin. Tegmen clear in color with dark-colored veins. The color patterns of femora are unique and obvious: series of black and orange dots were found on both frontal and lateral sides of all six femora; the exact patterns of these dots are highly variable among different specimens. Broad dark color bands are found on all six femora, around terminus areas that are away from thorax; a black dot is located on the outer side of each tibia near the joints that connect femora and tibiae. For front and middle tibiae, smaller dark color bands are located around the joints that connect tibiae and tarsus. All tibiae armed with black spines. All tarsus concolorous as pronotum. 1–8 abdominal tergites with light hind margin, concolorous as face and pronotum, ninth abdominal tergite black.</p><p>Measurements (mm). Body (from head to tip of abdomen): 22.4(♂)–28.11(♀); pronotum: 5.18–5.37; tegmina: 10.28–12.86; hind wings: 10.23–10.93; fore femora: 7.23–7.47; middle femora: 6.91–7.09; hind femora: 10.92– 11.73; fore tibiae: 7.66–7.92; middle tibiae: 7.93–8.11; hind tibiae: 11.92–12.18; ovipositor: 9.44.</p><p>Etymology. This species is named after the collector Qianle Lu.</p><p>Diagnosis. Apart from its distinctive coloration, this species is morphologically similar to other Larnaca species previously described from Xizang: L. (L.) rufifronta, L. (L.) rubiabdomina, and L. (L.) xizangensis . However, the posterior margin of the female seventh abdominal sternite is straight and smooth in L. (L.) qianlei sp. nov., whereas in the other species it possesses a small median notch. Besides, the male ninth abdominal tergite differs in the structure of its spiniform processes: they are notably longer than the stylus, are downcurved, and overlap each other more extensively.</p><p>Notes. This species possesses a row of sparse teeth along the anterior margin of the pronotum (Fig. 3D). This structure has rarely been documented previously; however, based on our observations of other Stenopelmatoidea species, we found that most of them also exhibit a similar dentate structure. We hypothesize that these teeth may function in removing debris from the occiput.</p><p>Distribution. Xizang, China (Mêdog).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F155AC64B11EFFBA8AA3F9FFFDBF9AB7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yin, Zixu;Shen, Sizhong	Yin, Zixu, Shen, Sizhong (2025): New species and taxonomic notes of Larnaca Walker, 1869 from China (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae: Gryllacridinae). Zootaxa 5706 (1): 36-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5706.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5706.1.2
F155AC64B118FFB48AA3FA41FBFA9ACB.text	F155AC64B118FFB48AA3FA41FBFA9ACB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Larnaca (Larnaca) infolda Du, Bian & Shi 2017	<div><p>Larnaca (Larnaca) infolda Du, Bian &amp; Shi, 2017</p><p>https://orthoptera.speciesfile.org/otus/839727/overview</p><p>内叠原üñ</p><p>(Figs. 7, 9–10; Tab. 1)</p><p>Larnaca (Larnaca) infolda: Du, Bian &amp; Shi, 2017. Zootaxa, 4231(4): 585; Cadena-Castañeda, 2019. Zootaxa, 4605(1): 78; Bian, Liu &amp; Yang, 2021. Zootaxa, 4969(2): 225; Yin &amp; Meng, 2021. Zootaxa, 5027(4): 589; Yin &amp; Shen, 2023. Zootaxa, 5271(1): 150; Zhang, Zhang &amp; Bian, 2023. Zootaxa, 5315(3): 291; Bian, 2024. Zootaxa, 5383(4): 588.</p><p>Larnaca (Larnaca) squamiptera syn. nov.: Ingrisch, 2018. Zootaxa, 4510(1): 208; Cadena-Castañeda, 2019. Zootaxa, 4605(1): 78; Yin &amp; Meng, 2021. Zootaxa, 5027(4): 587; Su, Duan, Li &amp; Shi, 2024. Zootaxa, 5453(1): 105.</p><p>Type specimen: male; Kind of type: holotype; Type locality: Mengla, Mengyuan, Yunnan; Location of type specimen: Museum of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China .</p><p>Material examined. Topotypes. 3♂ 3♀, China, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Mengla County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.39&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.39/lat 21.85)">Menglun Town, Lvshilin Forest Park</a> (21.85°N, 101.39°E), 30-VIII-2022, coll. local villager .</p><p>Notes. According to the original description of Larnaca (Larnaca) infolda Du, Bian &amp; Shi, 2017, only an ambiguous hand-drawn image of subgenital plate of female paratype specimen was provided. On the other hand, the original description of Larnaca (Larnaca) squamiptera Ingrisch, 2018 lacked the male specimen and failed to include a comparison with L. (L.) infolda . By comparing the topotype female of L. (L.) infolda (Figs. 7 EFG) with the morphological characters presented in the original description of L. (L.) squamiptera, we found that L. (L.) squamiptera only differed from L. (L.) infolda in minor morphological traits: the shape of the groove on seventh abdominal sternite of these two species differs slightly between the two species, and this difference could be merely attributed to variation in viewing angle or lighting during photography. Therefore, we propose that L. (L.) squamiptera should be regarded as a synonym of L. (L.) infolda .</p><p>Distribution. Yunnan, China (Xishuangbanna); Tak, Thailand (Ban Mae Salit).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F155AC64B118FFB48AA3FA41FBFA9ACB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yin, Zixu;Shen, Sizhong	Yin, Zixu, Shen, Sizhong (2025): New species and taxonomic notes of Larnaca Walker, 1869 from China (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae: Gryllacridinae). Zootaxa 5706 (1): 36-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5706.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5706.1.2
F155AC64B116FFB48AA3FE79FD429FCC.text	F155AC64B116FFB48AA3FE79FD429FCC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Larnaca (Larnaca) walle Yin & Meng 2021	<div><p>Larnaca (Larnaca) walle Yin &amp; Meng, 2021</p><p>https://orthoptera.speciesfile.org/otus/839734/overview</p><p>IJ力原üñ</p><p>(Figs. 7, 9–10; Tab. 1)</p><p>Larnaca (Larnaca) walle: Yin &amp; Meng, 2021. Zootaxa, 5027(4): 589; Shen &amp; Yin, 2022. Zootaxa, 5174(2): 181; Zhang, Zhang &amp; Bian, 2023. Zootaxa, 5315(3): 291; Bian, 2024. Zootaxa, 5383(4): 588; Su, Duan, Li &amp; Shi, 2024. Zootaxa, 5453(1): 109.</p><p>Type specimen: male; Kind of type: holotype; Type locality: Xima, Yingjiang, Dehong, Yunnan; Location of type specimen: Museum of Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China .</p><p>Material examined. Topotypes. 3♀, China, Yunnan Province, Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Yingjiang County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=97.67&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.75" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 97.67/lat 24.75)">Xima Town</a> (24.75°N, 97.67°E), 2-VII-2023, coll. local villager .</p><p>Supplemental description. Female. Seventh abdominal sternite broad, width about 1.25 times longer than length; posterior margin widening into a pair of lobe-like structure, covered with hair; a shallow V-shaped excision is located between the lobes; lower-middle area with a U-shaped groove surrounded by a pair of straight lateral lobes; tips of the lobes short, globular, pointing towards the midline of body, slightly projected (Fig. 7C). Subgenital plate almost unobservable or highly covered by seventh abdominal sternite. Ovipositor falcate, strongly upcurved, surface smooth (Fig. 7D).</p><p>Distribution. Yunnan, China (Dehong).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F155AC64B116FFB48AA3FE79FD429FCC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yin, Zixu;Shen, Sizhong	Yin, Zixu, Shen, Sizhong (2025): New species and taxonomic notes of Larnaca Walker, 1869 from China (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae: Gryllacridinae). Zootaxa 5706 (1): 36-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5706.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5706.1.2
F155AC64B116FFB48AA3FAC2FED39D3C.text	F155AC64B116FFB48AA3FAC2FED39D3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Larnaca Walker 1869	<div><p>1. Larnaca from Xizang</p><p>Zangnan area, China, is a global hotspot for insect biodiversity. However, research on local Gryllacridid species remained severely understudied until 2024, when species began to be documented (Zhang et al. 2024; Duan et al. 2024). Including findings from this study, seven Gryllacridid species have now been recorded in Xizang, five of which belong to the genus Larnaca (Tab. 1; Fig. 10; Su et al. 2024; Luo et al. 2024). Nevertheless, additional Larnaca taxa from Xizang await described (Fig. 9H), highlighting the need for further systematic exploration of this region.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F155AC64B116FFB48AA3FAC2FED39D3C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yin, Zixu;Shen, Sizhong	Yin, Zixu, Shen, Sizhong (2025): New species and taxonomic notes of Larnaca Walker, 1869 from China (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae: Gryllacridinae). Zootaxa 5706 (1): 36-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5706.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5706.1.2
F155AC64B116FFB18AA3F92AFBB69C15.text	F155AC64B116FFB18AA3F92AFBB69C15.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Larnaca Walker 1869	<div><p>2. Larnaca from mid-lower Red River montane region</p><p>The mid-lower Red River montane region mainly covers southeastern Yunnan, southwestern Guangxi of China, and northern Vietnam. To date, six species of Larnaca have been recorded from this region: Larnaca (Larnaca) eugenii (Griffini, 1914), Larnaca (Larnaca) vietnamensis Gorochov, 2003, Larnaca (Larnaca) nigricornis Ingrisch, 2018, Larnaca (Larnaca) tenuis Ingrisch, 2018, Larnaca (Larnaca) lieyongzhou Shen &amp; Yin, 2022 and Larnaca (Larnaca) nigrimacula Zhang, Zhang, Bian, 2023 .</p><p>However, these six species exhibit minimal interspecific differences. Only L. (L.) lieyongzhou has distinct characteristics on the female seventh abdominal sternite; the external morphological traits of the other species are slightly differentiated. The diagnostic characters provided in their original descriptions primarily focus on the processes of the ninth abdominal tergite in males and body coloration. First, it is important to note that photographic angles can also introduce deviations in morphological observations—different angles may even result in different curvature of the processes on the ninth abdominal tergite of the same male individual (Fig. 8). Additionally, some species are distinguished solely by coloration. Nevertheless, the pronotal patterns of Larnaca are variable and should not be used as interspecific diagnostic characters. For example, the pronotal color of the holotype (Yin &amp; Meng, 2021) of Larnaca (Larnaca) walle is inconsistent with that of its topotypes (Figs. 7 AB, 9F), and different individuals exhibit distinct color patterns. Shen &amp; Yin (2022) also provided images of different pronotal color patterns of L. (L.) lieyongzhou . Similarly, Yin &amp; Shen (2023) noted variations in the intensity of pronotal patterns among different individuals of Larnaca (Larnaca) lingcangensis .</p><p>Nevertheless, L. (L.) tenuis only has a darker pronotum than L. (L.) eugenii, while other traits are highly similar; the abdominal apex of the holotype of L. (L.) tenuis also shows no significant differences. Furthermore, L. (L.) nigricornis is also highly similar to L. (L.) eugenii —the only differences are that the base of the teeth in L. (L.) nigricornis is light-colored, and according to the original diagnosis, the processes on the ninth abdominal tergite in holotype of L. (L.) nigricornis are slightly more curved. Additionally, L. (L.) nigrimacula differs from these species only in the density of black spots on the vertex and pronotum, with no other obvious differences in diagnostic characters. These subtle, inconsistent distinctions—relying heavily on variable color traits or minor structural differences—make definitive species delineation challenging without direct comparison of a large amount of topotype specimens.</p><p>Regrettably, this study did not collect enough topotype specimens, so the discussion herein can only be based on photographic images. Further thorough field surveys, sampling, and analysis of the Larnaca species in this mountainous region are required, which may necessitate the synonymy of some species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F155AC64B116FFB18AA3F92AFBB69C15	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yin, Zixu;Shen, Sizhong	Yin, Zixu, Shen, Sizhong (2025): New species and taxonomic notes of Larnaca Walker, 1869 from China (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae: Gryllacridinae). Zootaxa 5706 (1): 36-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5706.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5706.1.2
