Plecia hadrosoma Hardy & Takahashi, 1960

Description

Egg: Shiny brown, with smooth surface, 0.68–0.73 mm long (n = 20).

Final­instar larva: Genae with 6 setae anteriorly and 16 sensory pits dorsally including 8 sensory pits along ecdysial suture (Fig. 5 D: 4–7). Frontal apotome with 2 setae and 4 sensory pits (Fig. 5 D: 1–3). Clypeus with 4 setae and 6 sensory pits dorsally (Fig. 5 D). Labrum with 2 small papillae and 2 sensory pits dorsally, about 6 small papillae and fine setae on its anterior membranous part (Fig. 5 D). Epipharynx (Fig. 5 E) with many fine setae, small conical processes, 2 rows of denticles, 8 small papillae and 4 sensory pits. Mandible (Figs. 5 F, G) with 3 blunt teeth (teeth may be rather worn by feeding activity) bearing 3 setae and 2 dorsal sensory pits, well­developed prostheca attached inside. Cardo with 3 setae and sensory pit ventrally (Fig. 5 J). Galeolacinia nearly trapezoidal in shape, with conical projection anteriorly (Figs. 5 I, J); dorsal surface with fine setae, row of spinules, small digitiform process, and 6–7 sensory pits (Fig. 5 I); ventral surface with 2 setae and row of denticles anteriorly (Fig. 5 J). Stipes composed of 3 parts: proximal isolated appendage, middle sclerite with ventral sensory pit and dorsal U­shaped invagination, and distal membranous portion with some spinules, sensory pit, and seta (Figs. 5 I, J). Maxillary palpus with sensory pit and 10–12 apical papillae, one of which is larger than others (Fig. 5 J). Central membranous area of labium with 12 small papillae and fine setae on its anterior margin (Fig. 5 H). Hypopharynx nearly elliptical in shape with some pubescence (Fig. 5 H). Body dark brown, arrangement of processes as shown in Table 1 a. Plate­like ventral swelling of prothorax (Fig. 5 B) with 5 processes. Body cuticle covered with many spinules (Fig. 5 C). Width of head capsule 0.90–1.12 mm (mean ± SD = 1.02 ± 0.07 mm, n = 34; Fig. 7 b); Body length approximately 17–19 mm (measured from exuviae).

a

T1 T2 T3 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9

2/4/0 2/4/2 2/4/2 2/4/2 2/4/2 2/4/2 2/4/2 2/4/2 2/4/2 0/2/0

P. adiastola 18 4 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 4 12

2/4/0 2/4/0 4/4/2 4/4/2 4/4/2 4/4/2 4/4/2 4/4/2 4/4/0 4/4/0

2/4/0 2/4/0 2/4/0 2/4/0 2/4/0 2/4/0 2/4/0 2/4/0 2/4/0 0/2/0

P. membranifera 18 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 8

2/4/0 2/4/0 4/4/0 4/4/0 4/4/0 4/4/0 4/4/0 4/4/0 4/4/0 4/4/0

2/4/0 2/4/0 2/4/0 2/4/0 2/4/0 2/4/0 2/4/0 2/4/0 2/4/0 0/2/0

P. hadrosoma 18 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8

2/4/0 2/4/0 4/4/0 4/4/0 4/4/0 4/4/0 4/4/0 4/4/0 4/4/0 4/4/0