Hornschuchia polyantha Maas

Fig. 6

Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Series C: Biological and Medical Sciences 89 (3): 258, fig. 7 (Maas et al. 1986).

Type: BRAZIL – Bahia • (Una *), “ Km 9 da nova rodovia São José/Uma ”; 21 Apr. 1976; T.S. Santos 3099; holotype: CEPEC [CEPEC00012625]!; isotypes: NY [NY00026102]!, MBM [MBM117085]!, U [U0000335] !.

Material examined

BRAZIL – Bahia • “ Aurelino Leal, 10–11 km W of BR-101 on road from,Aurelino Leal to Lage do Banco ”; [14°20′34.8″ S, 39°22′37.7″ W]; 16 Feb. 1994; J.A. Kallunki et al. 547; CEPEC [CEPEC00066789]!, NY [NY00395790]!, SPF ! • ibid.; 3 May 1992; W.W. Thomas 9086; CEPEC [CEPEC00056483]!, MBM [MBM284834]!, NY [NY00395788] ! • ibid.; [14°20′43.2″ S, 39°22′54.7″ W]; alt. 175–200 m; 30 Oct. 2001; W.W. Thomas et al. 12675; CEPEC [CEPEC00091105]!, NY [NY00684351]!, RB [RB00484693]!, SPF ! • “ Buerarema, Rodovia Buerarema- São José da Vitória (BR-101), ramal à esquerda, ca 15 km de Buerarema, ca 9.5 km da BR, Fazenda Sta. Rosa, entrada ca 500m à direita, proprietário: José Elias ”; 15°06′19″ S, 39°17′20″ W; 5 Feb. 2003; P. Fiaschi et al. 1287; CEPEC [CEPEC00096080]!, NY [NY00821927]!, RB [RB00484690]!, SPF ! • “ Camacã, BR-101 ao Rio Pardo ”; [15°33′04.7″ S, 39°25′24.6″ W]; 24 May 1971; T.S. Santos 1690; NY [NY00395792] ! • “ Gongogi, Barragem do funil ”; [14°13′38.0″ S, 39°27′47.9″ W]; 16 Nov. 1971; T.S. Santos 2157; NY [NY00395793] ! • “ Itajuípe, rodovia Itajuípe/Ubaitaba, 12Km N Banco Central ”; [14°31′42.7″ S, 39°21′04.0″ W]; 24 Apr. 1965; R.P. Belém 879; CEPEC [CEPEC00001279] ! • “ Itapebi, Fazenda Lombardia BR-101 a Fazenda Ventania ”; [15°52′52.3″ S, 39°31′03.6″ W]; 19 Aug. 1971; T.S. Santos 1859; CEPEC [CEPEC00007096] ! • “ Mascote, Estrada de terra ao longo da encosta da margem norte do rio Pardo, em direção a jusante, 7 km da ponte da BR- 101 sobre o rio ”; 15°36′50.3″ S, 39°22′57.0″ W; 26 Oct. 2008; R. Mello-Silva et al. 3132; SPF ! • “ Entrada na cabeceira da ponte do Rio Pardo BR-101, próximo de São João do Paraiso, Fazenda Ai Tais a ca 5.5 km da BR 101, área localizada depois do rio Pardo, travessia de canoa ”; 15º36′24″ S, 39º22′21″ W; 27 Dec. 2004; A.M. Amorim et al. 4572; RB [RB00421327]!, SPF ! • “ Ubaitaba, rodovia Ubaitaba/Lages, 8 km de Ubaitaba ”; [14°15′19.7″ S, 39°24′48.4″ W]; 25 Apr. 1965; R.P. Belém 936; CEPEC [CEPEC00001115]!, IAN [IAN119427]!, NY [NY00395795]!, NY [NY00395796] ! • “ Una, 9 km from São José and BR-101 on road to Una, on S side of road in forest ”; 15º03′ S, 39º14′ W; 4 Feb. 1993; J.A. Kallunki et al. 428; CEPEC [CEPEC00060939]!, HUEFS [HUEFS017561]!, MBM [MBM181237]!, NY [NY00395791]!, SPF ! • ibid.; 20 Jan. 1982; T.S. Santos 3712; CEPEC [CEPEC00028035] ! • ibid.; 15º4′15″ S, 39º18′35″ W; 18 Mar. 1999; J.G. Jardim et al. 2064; CEPEC [CEPEC00087825]! NY [NY00583368]!, SPF ! • “Estrada São José-Una. Coletas efetuadas no km 9 a partir da BR, Fazenda Santa Rosa”; 8 Oct. 1992; A.M. Amorim 827; CEPEC [CEPEC00056585]!, HUEFS [HUEFS013176]!, NY [NY00395798]!, NY [NY00395797]!, RB [RB00042107]!, US[US01346589]!, US[US01346590] ! • “ 8.8 km a E BR-101, rodovia São José/Una ”; 15°08′ S, 39°15′ W; 28 Oct. 1993; W.W. Thomas 10176; CEPEC [CEPEC 00059818]!, NY [NY00395789] !.

Description

Shrubs or trees, 0.5–6 m tall. Leaves chartaceous, petiole 1–5 mm long, lamina 6.3–19(–22) × 2.2–6.6 cm, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, lanceolate to oblanceolate, narrowly oblong or narrowly ovate, both surfaces glabrous, base cuneate to acute, apex acuminate to acute or attenuate, primary vein impressed adaxially and raised abaxially, 8–18 pairs of secondary veins, angles between primary and secondary veins 40– 60°. Inflorescence 2–17-flowered in highly ramified branches, flagelliflorous, inflorescence branches 10–100 cm long or shortened branches ca 4.5 cm long, rarely one-flowered, terminal, bracts caducous, 2.0–7.4 × 0.3–2.8 cm. Flowers with pedicel 2–12 mm long, flower buds 2–8 × 1–2.5 mm, cylindrical with obtuse apex, covered in trichomes. Sepals completely connate, calyx cupuliform, apex truncate, 1.5–4 × 1–4 mm, glabrescent. Petals linear, white, 5–11.5 mm long, densely covered in trichomes, stamens 6, 3–4 × 0.5 mm, carpels 3, 2.5–4 × 0.5 mm. Monocarps 1–3, ellipsoid to narrowly ellipsoid, 8–30 × 2–5 mm, glabrous, green in vivo, sessile, calyx persistent. Seeds 1–2, ellipsoid, 10 × 4–5 mm (Maas et al. 1986).

Distribution and habitat

Hornschuchia polyantha is endemic to Bahia, where it occurs in lowland tropical moist forest (Gouvêa et al. 1976; Thomas & Barbosa 2008; Fig. 6).

Phenology

Flowering from February to December, fruiting from May to October.

Preliminary conservation status

Hornschuchia polyantha has an EOO of 3095 km 2 and an AOO of 48 km 2, its habitat is endangered due to deforestation (Landau et al. 2008). The conservation status is categorized as Endangered, EN B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii), according to IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (IUCN 2012).

Notes

The description of H. polyantha has been updated (Johnson & Murray 1995) in plant habit and size, leaf morphology, flower morphology and dimensions, and fruit dimensions. Hornschuchia polyantha is similar to H. myrtillus, see the note under the latter to differentiate the two species.