Barolineocerus apiculus Freytag, 2008

(Figs. 1A–D, 2D–F, 7A–M)

Barolineocerus apiculus Freytag, 2008: 53, figures 20–22.

Type locality: 41 km SE Roura on Kaw Rd., Roura, French Guiana.

Diagnosis (based on material collected in Brazil, Ecuador, and French Guiana). Pronotal macula almost extends to hind margin of pronotum (Figs. 1A, 2D). Claval macula extends to scutellum apex (Figs. 1A, 2D). Abdominal sternite II apodeme extending distinctly beyond posterior margin of sternite III (Fig. 7B). Pygofer posterior margin with ventral process; without median process (Figs. 7C–D). Valve with anterior margin straight and posterior one concave (Fig. 7E). Subgenital plate without dorsal process; apex abruptly pointed (Figs. 7F–G). Aedeagus with dorsal median process; without dorsal subapical ridge; with ventral transverse ridge at apical third of shaft (Figs. 7K–M). Anal tube, laterobasal process with base sinuous at anterior margin, apex distinctly pointed (Figs. 7C–D).

Measurements (mm). Males (n= 24), total length (to apex of forewing): 4.40–4.93; median length of crown: 0.23–0.35; length of crown close to eyes: 0.20–0.30; width of head: 1.59–1.85; width of crown between eyes: 0.93–1.10; length of pronotum: 0.46–0.73; length of scutellum: 0.80–1.09; width of pronotum: 1.43–1.74; width of scutellum: 1.08–1.31; length of face: 0.98–1.23; width of face between eyes: 0.94–1.09; distance between ocelli: 0.29–0.37; ocellocular distance: 0.25–0.40; length of clypeus: 0.36–0.42; basal width of clypeus: 0.21–0.31; apical width of clypeus: 0.29–0.38; length of forewing: 3.80–4.13.

Distribution. Brazil (Amazonas, Mato Grosso, Roraima); Ecuador (Orellana); French Guiana ( Régina, Roura, Saül).

Type examined. 1♂, holotype of Barolineocerus apiculus, “ FRENCH GUIANA: 41\ km SE Roura on Raw Rd. \ 5–7-VI-2005, J. E. Eger \ & M. T. Messenger, coll.”, “N04°32.214'\ W052°07.420'\ 272 m, MV light”, “Muséum Paris\ MNHN (EH)\ 4096 ”, “ Holotype \ Barolineocerus \ apiculus \ P. H. Freytag 2006”, MNHN . 1♀, paratype, “ FRENCH GUIANA, 33\ km SE Roura on Kaw Rd. \ 1-XII-2002, J. E. Eger \ 04°34'135"N\ 52°11'150"W\ 227 m., MV light”, MNHN .

Additional material. BRAZIL: 1♂, “BRASIL, Amazonas, Manaus, ZF-2,\ km-14, 2º35'21"S – 60º06'55"W,\ 24.xii.2017 – 8.i.2018, Malaise gde [grande], 8\ m alt [altura], nascente, J.A.Rafael—Rede BIA”, DZRJ ; 1♂, 1♀, same data as preceding, except: “ 16 m alt [altura], lado nascente, J.A.Rafael —Rede BIA”, DZRJ; 1♂, same data as preceding, except: “ 1–15.ix.2016 \ Malaise grande no chão, J.A.\ Rafael & F.F. Xavier Fº”, MNRJ; 2♂, same data as preceding, except: “ 16–30.ix.2016,\ Malaise grande no chão, J.A.\ Rafael & F.F. Xavier Fº”, INPA; 1♂, 1♀, “BRASIL, AM [Amazonas], Manaus, ZF2\ km-14, 2°35'21"S –\ 60 o 06'55"W, 1–15.xii.2016 \ Malaise grande 18 m na torre\ J.A.Rafael & F.F.Xavier Fº”, INPA ; 1♂, 1♀, same data as preceding, except: “ 17–31.viii.2016 \ Malaise grande: 18m na torre\ J.A. Rafael & F.F. Xavier Fº”, MNRJ; 1♂, same as preceding, except: “ 1–15.v.2018, Malaise grande, 16m alt [altura],\ poente, J.A. Rafael —Rede BIA”, INPA; 1♂, same data as preceding, except: “ 25.xi– 08.xii.2017, Malaise grande,\ 8 m alt [altura], lado poente, J.A. Rafael”, INPA; 1♂, same data as preceding, except: “lado nascente, J.A. Rafael ”, INPA 2♂, same data as preceding, except: “ 1–16.iv.2018, Malaise grande, 8 m alt [altura],\ nascente, J.A. Rafael —Rede BIA”, INPA; 1♂, same data as preceding, except: “ 3–17.viii.2016,\ Malaise grande, 18m na torre\ J.A. Rafael & F.F. Xavier Fº”, INPA; 2♂, same data as preceding, except: “ 3–18.vii.2016,\ Malaise grande, 20m na torre\ J.A. Rafael & F.F. Xavier Fº”, MNRJ; 1♂, “BRASIL, AM [Amazonas], Manaus, Rod. [Rodovia] AM\ 010, km50, ZF-2, Km-14, próximo\ à torre, 2°35'21"S; 60°06'55"W.\ 3–4.iii.2011. 21–00:00h. Arm. [Armadilha] Luz\ móvel. J.A.Rafael; R.F.Silva leg”, DZRJ ; 1♀, “BRASIL: Amazonas \ ParNa [Parque Nacional] Jaú, Cachoeira \ (Sibá), left margin Rio Jaú \ 16m asl PNJ005\ 01°53'09"S, 61°41'16"W ”, “ 23-VI-2003 \ light trap 6:30–7:30pm\ terra firme D.M. Takiya ”, “IDI012”, DZRJ ; 1♂, 1♀, same data as preceding, except: “ 22-VI-2003 \ light trap 6:15–7:15pm\ terra firme D.M. Takiya”, “IDI012”, DZRJ; 1♂, “Brasil, AM, Novo Airão \ 02°38'39"S 60°56'07"W; \ 27.viii. 2011. \ Armadilha luminosa móvel, \ 18:00–21:00 h. J.A.Rafael, D. \ Takiya & J.T.Câmara”, DZRJ; 1♂, same data as preceding, except: “00:00–03:00h”, DZRJ; 2♂, “Brasil, AM [Amazonas], Novo Airão \ AM 352 Ramal Km 10 \ 02°42'56.5"S 60°56'26.7"W; 29. viii. 2011. \ Armadilha luminosa móvel, \ 18:00–21:00 h. J.A.Rafael, \ D.Takiya & J.T.Câmara ”. DZRJ ; 1♂, 1♀, same as preceding, except: “ 28–29.viii.2011 \ Armadilha luminosa móvel,\ 21:00–24:00 h. J.A.Rafael,\ D.Takiya & J.T.Câmara ”, DZRJ; 1♂, “BRASIL, AM, Castanho-\ Careiro, Ramal do Panelão \ 03°50'42"S – 60°26'03"W \ 04–05.xi.2010, J.A. Rafael, \ D.M.Takiya, F.F. Xavier Fo, \ M.J. Holanda & D.M.M. \ Mendes; arm. luminosa \ móvel, 21:00–00:00 h”, DZRJ ; 1♂, “BRAZIL: Amazonas State \ Lagoa Aburi, Igarapé \ Cuipiranga 20.V.2008 \ 01 o 53'60"S 057 o 02'59"W \ D.M. Takiya sweep”, INPA ; 1♂, “BRASIL, AM [Amazonas], Presidente \ Figueiredo, Am 240 km 12 Pousada Berro D’água\ 23.vii. 2008, 135m, 2º03'44"S \ 59º58'28"W M.N. Moraes ”, DZRJ ; 1♂, 1♀, “ SINOP- M. [Mato] Grosso \ Brasil-X \1975\ M. Alvarenga Leg ”, “ DZUP ”, DZUP; 1♂, 1♀, “PACA-05, BRASIL: Roraima \ Pacaraima, Com. [Comunidade] Indígena Kauwe,\ Cachoeira no Ramal do Miangui \ N04º29'36"W61º04'56"809\ Luz, Equipe PACA:\ JA Rafael, APM Santos, CC Gonçalves, ALD Ferreira, C Maldaner”, DZRJ . ECUADOR: 2♂, 6♀, “ECUADOR: ORELLANA Province,\ Reserva Étnica Waorani, Transect \ Ent., 1km S. Onkone Gare Camp,\ 220m 00 o 39'10"S 076 o 26'00"W ”, “ 30-Sep-1996, T. L. Erwin\ et. al. Fogging terra firme\ forest, lot#1677”, MEPN ; 1♂, 1♀, same data as preceding, except: “ 07-Feb-1999, Erwin\ transect T/5 T. L. Erwin\ et. Al. Fogging terra firme\ forest, lot#204”, USNM . FRENCH GUIANA: 1♂, “GUYANE FRANÇAISE\ Ellisco { Ellisco type trap}\ 27.1.1984 \ G. TAVAKILIAN REC.”, “ROUTE DE KAW\ PK 5”, “Museum Paris \ MNHP(EH)\ 16207”, “ B. [ Barolineocerus] apiculus \ comp. [compared] type ”, MNHN ; 1♂, “GUYANE FRANÇAISE\ 20.1.1985 \ G. TAVAKILIAN REC.”, “Route de Régina ”, “PK 85”, “Piège\ lumineux”, “Museum Paris \ MNHP(EH)\ 16197”, MNHN ; 1♂, “GUYANE FRANÇAISE\ 20.1.1985 \ G.TAVAKILIAN REC.”, “Route de Régina ”, “PK 85”, “Piège\ lumineux”, “Museum Paris\ MNHP (EH)\ 16197”, MNHN ; 1♂, 1♀, “ French Guiana: Réserve \ Naturelle de la Trinité—Zone Aya:\ 4° 36'3"N – 53° 24'43"W, alt. 140m \ 30/05/12\ SEAG [Société Entomologique Antilles Guyane] leg.”, DZRJ ; 1♂, “ French Guiana: Petite Montagne Tortue (Est)\ 04°19'14.1N – 052°14'27.5W \ Terra firme 8.ix.10. Light trap \ G. Lamarre leg.”, MNRJ ; 1♂, “ French Guiana: Roura, Montagne des Chevaux \ N 4°44'31,54"O 52°25'53,02"\ Malaise de 6m \ 8 X 2011 \ SEAG [Société Entomologique Antilles Guyane] leg.”, MNRJ ; 1♂, “ French Guiana: Bélvédère \ de Saül, 3°37'22"N 53°12'57"W, alt. 326 m \ Malaise trap top\ 25.i.12\ G. Lamarre leg.”, DZRJ .

Holotype condition. Body covered with sparse Lepidopteran scales.

Remarks. Freytag (2008) provided illustrations of the male genital capsule (lateral view), subgenital plate (ventral view), connective, style and aedeagus (ventral view) of B. apiculus . In some specimens, including the holotype (Fig. 1A) and female paratype, the apical yellow portion of the scutellum is discontinuous from the remaining portions of the posterolateral macula (Figs. 1A, 2B). Specimens vary in the hind tibia AD row with 6–7 cucullate setae and PD row with 13–20 cucullate setae.

Barolineocerus apiculus is most similar to B. elongatus and B. spinosus due to the claval macula extending to the scutellum apex (Fig. 2B); absence of an elongate median process on the posterior margin of the pygofer (Fig. 7C); the acute apex of the subgenital plates (Figs. 7F–G); and presence of a transverse ventral ridge on the aedeagus (Figs. 7K–M). However, it can be distinguished from these species by the straight anterior margin of the valve (Fig. 7E), pygofer anterodorsal apodeme less than half as long as pygofer (Fig. 7D) and the ventral transverse ridge present on the apical third of the aedeagal shaft (Figs. 7K–M).