Key to Australian species of Phaulothrips

1. Antennal segment III less than 200 microns long (Fig. 1)...................................................... 2

-. Antennal segment III more than 220 microns long (Fig. 2)..................................................... 3

2. Antennal segment III length 120–140 microns (Fig. 1); tube shorter than head, tube/head ratio about 0.9........... barretti

-. Antennal segment III length about 180 microns; tube longer than head, tube/head ratio about 1.3................. caudatus

3. Pelta with no lateral lobes (Figs 5–7)...................................................................... 4

-. Pelta with distinct, but sometimes small, lateral lobes (Figs 11–14).............................................. 5

4. Pelta occupying no more than two-thirds of anterior margin of tergite II, maximum width less than four times median length (Figs 5–6)....................................................................................... anici

-. Pelta occupying almost the entire anterior margin of tergite II, maximum width more than four times median length (Fig. 7)............................................................................................ kranzae sp n.

5. Body bicoloured, thorax, abdominal segment I, antennal segments III–IV, and tarsi yellow (Fig. 26); tergites each with two pairs of wing-retaining setae (cf Fig. 8) uptoni

-. Body and legs dark brown; tergites usually with anterior pair of sigmoid wing-retaining setae vestigial.................. 6

6. Lateral lobes of pelta very short, one-eighth of width of this sclerite (Fig. 14); fore wing, when present, with no duplicated cilia............................................................................................... sibylla

-. Lateral lobes of pelta long, one fifth of width of sclerite (Figs 8–10); fore wing, when present, with duplicated cilia present.... 7

7. Anterior margin of head with pair of prominent rounded tubercles, each bearing about 10 dark setae with translucent apices (Fig. 16)..................................................................................... inquilinus

-. Anterior margin of head sometimes with small tubercles, but these bear no more than three pairs of setae (Figs 17–19)..... 8

8. Anterior margin of head with pair of small pointed tubercles each bearing three stout translucent setae about as long as anten- nal segment I (Fig. 17); pelta lateral lobes bearing one pair of setae..................................... kingae sp.n.

-. Anterior margin of head with no more than two pairs of pre-ocellar setae (Figs 18–19); pelta lateral lobes with or without setae.................................................................................................... 9

9. Head with two pairs of short pre-ocellar setae (Fig. 19), neither setal pair longer than antennal segment I; pelta with pair of prominent setae on lateral lobes; tergites II–VII with median setae at least 0.5 as long as each tergite (Fig. 9)... whyallae sp.n.

-. Head with one pair of prominent pre-ocellar setae (Figs 15, 18), if more than one pair then one pair is longer than antennal seg- ment I; pelta lobes usually without setae; median pair of tergal setae not elongate.................................. 10

10. Head with mid-dorsal pair of setae present; prosternal ferna bluntly pointed medially in females (Fig. 32)...... oakeyi s p.n.

-. Head without a pair of major mid-dorsal setae; prosternal ferna usually with median margins parallel (Figs 30, 31, 33).... 11

11. Tube of female with margins convex, no longer than 0.75 as long as head (Figs 27–28); pre-ocellar setae on head colourless, apical half broad and flat (Fig. 20)................................................................... vuilleti

-. Tube of female with margins straight, but constricted at apex (Fig. 29), at least 0.8 as long as head; pre-ocellar setae pale or shaded, never colourless with flattened apices.............................................................. 12

12. Tube at least 1.1 times as long as the head................................................................. 13

-. Tube less than 0.9 as long as the head..................................................................... 15

13. Tergites with more than one pair of wing-retaining setae; all 3 pairs of major setae on head dark, long, slender and sharply acute (Fig. 8).................................................................................... agrestis

-. Tergites with only one pair of wing-retaining setae; major setae on head pale or weakly shaded....................... 14

14. Pelta with pair of setae on lateral lobes (Fig. 10); tube 1.3–1.5 as long as head; pre-ocellar setae extend to apex of antennal seg- ment II.................................................................................. daguilaris sp.n.

-. Pelta without setae on lateral lobes (Fig. 11); tube no more than 1.2 as long as the head; pre-ocellar setae extend to apex of antennal segment I........................................................................... flindersi sp.n.

15. Pre-ocellar setae weakly shaded and slender; tube of female at least 0.85 of head length..................... longitubus

-. Pre-ocellar setae colourless and stouter; tube of female no more than 0.8 of head.............................. fuscus