Trissolcus mitsukurii (Ashmead) Figures 7, 107-108, 109-111

Trissolcus rudus Lê syn. n.; http://bioguid.osu.edu/xbiod_concepts/3297; Morphbank35

Telenomus mitsukurii Ashmead, 1904: 72 (original description, keyed); Esaki, Hori, Hozawa, Ishii, Issiki, Kawada, Kawamura, Kinoshita, Kishida, Koidzumi, Kojima, Kuwana, Kuwayama, Marumo, Niijima, Oguma, Okamoto, Shinji, Shiraki, Takahashi, Uchida, Ueno, Yamada, Yano, Yokoyama & Yuasa, 1932: 345 (description, distribution).

Liophanurus Mitsukurii (Ashmead): Kieffer, 1912: 61 (generic transfer).

Telenomus oecleoides Dodd, 1914: 122 (original description, synonymized by Johnson (1991)).

Microphanurus oecleoides (Dodd): Kieffer, 1926: 95, 116 (description, generic transfer, keyed).

Phanurus mitsukurii (Ashmead): Kieffer, 1926: 50, 56 (description, generic transfer, keyed).

Asolcus mitsukurii (Ashmead): Watanabe, 1951: 22, 25 (generic transfer, description, keyed); Watanabe, 1954: 22 (keyed); Tachikawa, 1965: 284 (description).

Trissolcus mitsukurii (Ashmead): Masner & Muesebeck, 1968: 73 (lectotype designation, generic transfer); Safavi, 1968: 415 (keyed); Voegelé, 1969: 149 (keyed); Kozlov & Lê, 1976: 659 (keyed); Kozlov & Lê, 1977: 506 (keyed); Kozlov, 1978: 632 (description); Kozlov & Kononova, 1983: 92 (description); Ryu & Hirashima, 1984: 36, 39 (description, keyed); Johnson, 1991: 213, 224 (description, synonymy, keyed); Kononova, 1995: 95 (keyed); He et al., 2004: 318 (description).

Trissolcus rudus Lê syn. n., 1983: 24, 25 (original description, keyed); Johnson, 1992: 635 (cataloged, type information); Lê, 1997: 23 (keyed); Lê, 2000: 311, 320 (description, keyed, type information).

Trissolcus oecleoides (Dodd): Johnson, 1988: 240 (type information, generic transfer); Johnson, 1991: 224 (junior synonym of Trissolcus mitsukurii (Ashmead)).

Description.

Female body length: 1.04-1.74 mm (n=20). Male body length: 0.90-1.53 mm (n=19). Body color: head, mesosoma, and metasoma black.

Head. Color of radicle: orange. Length of radicle: less than width of clypeus. Color of A1-A6 in female: apical A1 and dorsal A2 brown, elsewhere orange. Color of A7-A11 in female: black. Facial striae: absent. Number of clypeal setae: 6. Microsculpture on gena directly above mandibular condyle: present. Shape of ventral gena in lateral view: moderately bulging. Genal carina: present and extending dorsally to vicinity of lower margin eye. Malar striae: absent. Sculpture of malar sulcus: antero-posteriorly striate. Orbital furrow: expanding in size ventrally, strongly so at intersection with malar sulcus. Macrosculpture of frons between antennal scrobe and anterior ocellus: rugose. Preocellar pit: present. Setation of lateral frons: moderately dense. Punctation of lateral frons: absent. Sculpture directly ventral to preocellar pit: dorsoventrally fluted. Macrosculpture of lateral frons: weakly horizontally striate, striae of antennal scrobe extending to lateral frons. OOL: lateral ocellus and eye without continuous scleritic separation. Hyperoccipital carina: present only posterior to lateral ocellus. Macrosculpture of posterior vertex: absent. Microsculpture on posterior vertex along occipital carina: present. Anterior margin of occipital carina: coarsely crenulate.

Mesosoma. Epomial carina: present. Macrosculpture of lateral pronotum directly anterior to netrion: antero-posteriorly striate. Netrion sulcus: complete. Pronotal suprahumeral sulcus in posterior half of pronotum: weakly differentiated from sculpture of dorsal pronotum. Location of pronotal suprahumeral sulcus: posterior half of pronotum. Number of episternal foveae: 3; 2. Course of episternal foveae ventrally: distinctly separate from postacetabular sulcus. Course of episternal foveae dorsally: extending to mesopleural pit. Subacropleural sulcus: present. Speculum: transversely strigose. Mesopleural pit: extending ventrally into dorsoventral furrow parallel to mesopleural carina. Mesopleural carina: complete; well defined anteriorly, poorly defined to absent posteriorly. Sculpture of femoral depression: smooth. Patch of striae at posteroventral end of femoral depression: present, striae perpendicular to long axis of femoral depression. Setal patch at posteroventral end of femoral depression: present. Microsculpture of anteroventral mesopleuron: present throughout. Macrosculpture of anteroventral mesopleuron: irregularly rugulose. Postacetabular sulcus: formed by open crenulae. Mesopleural epicoxal sulcus: formed by open crenulae. Mesofurcal pit: absent. Setation of posteroventral metapleuron: absent. Sculpture of dorsal metapleural area: smooth in anterodorsal corner, coarsely rugose posteriorly. Posterodorsal metapleural sulcus: poorly defined to absent. Paracoxal sulcus in ventral half of metapleuron: indistinguishable from sculpture to absent. Anteroventral extension of metapleuron: not extending to base of mesocoxa. Metapleural epicoxal sulcus: absent or indistinguishable from sculpture; present as coarse rugae. Mesoscutal humeral sulcus: indicated by a line of cells. Median mesoscutal carina: absent. Macrosculpture of mesoscutum: rugulose. Pattern of mesoscutal microsculpture: uniform throughout. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: comprised of cells. Length of mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: about half the length of anterolateral edge of mesoscutum. Parapsidal line: present. Notaulus: extending at least 1/3 length of mesoscutum. Median protuberance on anterior margin of mesoscutellum: absent. Protruberance on anterior margin of mesoscutellum directly posterior to notaulus: absent. Shape of dorsal margin of anterior lobe of axillar crescent: round. Sculpture of anterior lobe of axillar crescent: absent. Posterodorsal margin of axillular carina: round. Area bounded by axillar crescent: smooth. Macrosculpture of mesoscutellum: rugose throughout. Microsculpture on mesoscutellum: present throughout. Median mesoscutellar carina: absent. Setation of posterior scutellar sulcus: present. Form of metascutellum: coarsely rugose. Metanotal trough: foveate, foveae occupying more than half of metanotal height. Metapostnotum: undifferentiated from remainder of propodeum. Length of postmarginal vein: about twice as long as stigmal vein. Color of legs: coxae and femora dark brown to black, elsewhere yellow to pale brown and becoming darker at distal tarsomeres.

Metasoma. Anteromedial portion of metasomal depression: antero-posteriorly striate. Longitudinal striae on T1 posterior to basal costae: present. Number of sublateral setae (on one side): 2; 1. Setation of laterotergite 1: present. Longitudinal striation of T2: present throughout anterior half of tergite. Setation of T2: present in a transverse line posteriorly. Setation of laterotergite 2: present.

Diagnosis.

Among Palearctic species in the basalis group T. mitsukurii can be identified by the combination of the greatly enlarged antennae clava (A7-A11) in females (Figures 107, 109), the size of which is emphasized in comparison to the compressed A4-A6, an orbital furrow that is expanded at its intersection with the malar sulcus (Figures 109-111), and the line of setae along the dorsal margin of the first laterotergite (Figure 110). During the course of this revision we examined a number of species from southeast Asia that share the above-mentioned diagnostic characters, but to our knowledge the distributions of these species do not extend into temperate Asia.

Link to distribution map.

http://hol.osu.edu/map-large.html?id=3267

Material examined.

Holotype, female, T. mitsukurii: JAPAN: Shizuoka Pref., Atami City, no date, Koebele, USNMENT00989031 (deposited in USNM) . Paratype of T. mitsukurii: JAPAN: 1 female, USNMENT00675967 (USNM) . Holotype, female, T. rudus: VIETNAM: Hanoi Prov., Nghia Do, Hanoi, 7-VII-1978, X. H. Lê, IEBR 0042 (deposited in IEBR) . Other material: (39 females, 29 males, 5 unsexed) CHINA: 1 female, USNMENT00916469 (BMNH). JAPAN: 28 females, 27 males, 5 unsexed, OSUC542353, 542355, 542362, 542376-542378, 542425, USNMENT00896316 (CNCI); USNMENT00675721-00675722, 00675750-00675754, 00675756-00675760, 00675762-00675769, 00675771, 00675847-00675859, 00675968-00675979, 00764853, 00872000-00872004 (USNM). SOUTH KOREA: 1 female, USNMENT00896149 (CNCI). THAILAND: 5 females, OSUC542391-542395 (OSUC). UNITED STATES (quarantine): 4 females, 2 males, USNMENT00872119-00872124 (USNM).