Eutichurus Simon, 1897

Eutichurus Simon, 1897a: 501; 1897b: 88, 89;

(formal description and designation of the type species, E. ferox Simon, 1897)

; Bonaldo 1994: 107; Bonaldo et al. 2018; World Spider Catalog 2025.

Diagnosis and description. For diagnosis and description of the genus, see Bonaldo (1994) and Bonaldo et al. (2018).

Composition. 38 species: E. abiseo Bonaldo, 1994, E. arnoi Bonaldo, 1994, E. chicaque sp. nov., E. chingliputensis Majumder & Tikader, 1991, E. cumbia Bonaldo & Ramírez, 2018, E. cuzco Bonaldo, 1994, E. ferox Simon, 1897, E. furcifer Kraus 1955, E. ibiuna Bonaldo, 1994, E. itamaraju Bonaldo, 1994, E. keyserlingi Simon 1897, E. lizeri Mello-Leitão, 1938, E. luisdiazi sp. nov., E. luridus Simon, 1897, E. madre Bonaldo, 1994, E. manu Bonaldo, 1994, E. marquesae Bonaldo, 1994, E. meta sp. nov., E. murgai Bonaldo & Lise, 2018, E. muisca sp. nov., E. nancyae Bonaldo & Saturnino, 2018, E. pallatanga Bonaldo, 1994, E. paredesi Bonaldo & Saturnino, 2018, E. putus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898, E. ravidus Simon, 1897, E. saylapampa Bonaldo, 1994, E. sigillatus Chickering, 1937, E. silvae Bonaldo, 1994, E. tendetza Peñaherrera, Campoverde, Molina & Heredia, 2024, E. tequendama Bonaldo & Lise, 2018, E. tezpurensis Biswas, 1991, E. tibacuy sp. nov., E. tropicus (Koch 1866), E. valderramai Bonaldo, 1994, E. yalen Bonaldo, 1994, E. yariguies sp. nov., E. yungas Bonaldo & Ramírez, 2018, E. zarate Bonaldo, 1994 .

Distribution. Costa Rica, El Salvador, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Peru, Brasil, Uruguay and Argentina (Bonaldo et al. 2018). The World Spider Catalog (2025) includes three additional species, regarded by Bonaldo et al. (2018) as misplaced in the genus, two from India, E. chingliputensis Majumder & Tikader, 1991 and E. tezpurensis Biswas, 1991, and one from Colombia, E. keyserlingi Simon, 1897 . These species have not yet been formally assigned to other genera.

Key to species of Eutichurus (updated from Bonaldo et al. 2018)

1). Males (those of E. manu, E. saylapampa, E. yariguies sp. nov., and E. tendetza unknown)........................... 2 Females (those of Eutichurus meta sp. nov., E. abiseo, E. cuzco, E. pallatanga, and E. yalen, unknown)............... 33

2(1). Retrolateral tibial apophysis represented by a single branch (Figs 2B–C, 13B–C; Bonaldo 1994: figs 19, 29, 38, 48, 56, 64). 3 Retrolateral tibial apophysis bifid or trifid (Figs 15B–C, 16B–C; Bonaldo 1994: figs 34, 66, 76, 86, 91)................ 24

3(2). Retrolateral tibial apophysis tuberculate, with a small apical projection (Bonaldo 1994: figs 56, 57)........ E. furcifer Kraus Retrolateral tibial apophysis otherwise (Figs 7B–C, 4B–C; Bonaldo 1994: figs 19, 29, 38, 48, 64)..................... 4

4(3). Retrolateral tibial apophysis short, excavated, MA with a longitudinal median keel (Fig 4B–C; Bonaldo 1994: figs 43, 45, 48, 49)................................................................................................. 5 Retrolateral tibial apophysis long, not excavated, MA without such keel (Bonaldo 1994: figs 19, 22, 26, 29, 35, 38, 62).... 7

5(4). Embolus without a sharp prolateral process (Fig. 4A–B; Bonaldo 1994: figs 48, 49)............... E. valderramai Bonaldo Embolus with a sharp prolateral process (Figs 11A–C, 14A–D; Bonaldo 1994: figs 43, 44)........................... 6

6(5). Prolateral process of embolus small, located medially (Fig. 11A–B; Bonaldo 1994: figs 43–45)....... E. tropicus (L. Koch) Prolateral process of embolus long, located basally (Fig. 6A–B)............................. E. andresgarcia sp. nov.

7(4). Embolar base fused to the tegulum (Bonaldo 1994: fig. 35).................................................... 8 Embolus articulated, connected to the tegulum by a membrane (Fig. 13B; Bonaldo 1994: figs 19, 22, 30, 26, 38, 62)....... 9

8(7). Embolus with lamellar tip (Bonaldo 1994: figs 35, 36).......................................... E. abiseo Bonaldo Embolus filiform (Bonaldo et al. 2018: figs 1, 2).................................. E. paredesi Bonaldo & Saturnino

9(7). Embolus with a small, retrolateral sub-apical process (Fig. 13B–C, Bonaldo 1994: figs 62, 63; Laborda & Simó 2015: fig. 1A)............................................................................................... 10 Embolus without any process (Bonaldo et al. 2018: figs 5, 10; Bonaldo 1994: figs 19, 22, 26) or with a prolateral process (Figs 13A–C, 14A–D; Bonaldo 1994: figs 30, 39)............................................................... 11

10(9). Palpal tibia long, about the same length as the cymbium, embolus filiform with a non-pointed prolateral process (Bonaldo 1994: figs 62, 63; Laborda & Simó 2015: fig. 1A)........................................... Eutichurus ibiuna Bonaldo Palpal tibia short, less than half the length of the cymbium, embolus laminar with an apical notch and a pointed, spur-shaped retrolateral process (Figs 13A–C, 14A–D)............................................... Eutichurus meta sp. nov.

11(9). Embolus with a prolateral process (Fig. 11A–B, D; Bonaldo et al. 2018: figs 16, 21, 28; Bonaldo 1994: figs 30, 39)...... 12 Embolus without process (Bonaldo 1994: figs 19, 22, 26).................................................... 19

12(11). Median apophysis strongly sculptured, with several conspicuous sulci (Bonaldo 1994: figs 29, 31)........ E. cuzco Bonaldo Median apophysis not strongly sculptured (Figs 11B–C, 11B–C; Bonaldo et al. 2018: figs 15, 20, 27, 58; Bonaldo 1994: figs 38, 40)............................................................................................. 13

13(12). Embolar prolateral process inserted medially (Figs 11B–C, 11B–C; Bonaldo et al. 2018: fig. 28; Bonaldo 1994: fig. 39)... 14 Embolar prolateral process inserted sub-apically (Bonaldo et al. 2018: figs 21, 59)................................ 16

14(13). Median prong of MA short (Bonaldo 1994: figs 38, 40; Ramírez 2014, fig. 147A, C)................ E. lizeri Mello-Leitão Median prong of MA long (Figs 11B–C, 11B–C; Bonaldo et al. 2018: figs 27, 29)................................. 15

15(14). Embolar prolateral process laminar, very wide, not filiform; RTA straight in retrolateral view, not notched (Figs 11B–C, 11B– C).................................................................................. E. luisdiazi sp. nov. Embolar prolateral process conspicuous; tip of MA small; RTA broadened medially, without an oblique keel (Fig. 6A–B; Bonaldo et al. 2018: figs 27–29)........................................................ E. marquesae Bonaldo

16(13). Embolus narrow and long relative to tegulum (Bonaldo et al. 2018: figs 20, 21, 23, 24)............................. 17 Embolus wide and short relative to tegulum, MA less developed, distinctly smaller than the embolus (Figs 8A–C, 9A–C; Bonaldo et al. 2018: figs 58–59)........................................................................ 18

17(16). Median prong of MA with a pair of apical projections (Bonaldo et al. 2018: figs 20, 22)..... E. tequendama Bonaldo & Lise Median prong of MA without apical projections (Bonaldo et al. 2018: figs 23, 25)..................... E. madre Bonaldo

18(16). RTA narrow and long; pars pendula present; MA without median prong (Bonaldo et al. 2018: figs 58–60)..................................................................................... E. nancyae Bonaldo & Saturnino, 2018 RTA wide and short; pars pendula absent; MA with median prong (Figs 8A–C, 9A–C)................ E. muisca sp. nov.

19(11). Embolus flattened; prolateral margin of MA with transversal ridges (Bonaldo 1994: figs 26, 28).......... E. yalen Bonaldo Embolus conic, MA without transversal ridges (Bonaldo et al. 2018: figs 5, 10; Bonaldo 1994: figs 19, 22)............. 20

20(19). RTA expanded distally (Bonaldo et al. 2018: figs 6, 11)...................................................... 21 RTA tapering toward apex (Figs 1A–C, 2A–D; Bonaldo 1994: figs 20, 23)....................................... 22

21(20). Conductor hyaline (Bonaldo et al. 2018: fig. 4).......................................... E. murgai Bonaldo & Lise Conductor partially sclerotized (Bonaldo et al. 2018: fig. 9)....................................... E. zarate Bonaldo

22(20). RTA gradually tapering from base; embolus inserted basally (Figs 1A–C, 2A–D; Bonaldo 1994: figs 19, 20)............ 23 RTA abruptly tapering from distal third; embolus inserted medially (Bonaldo 1994: figs 22, 23).......... E. silvae Bonaldo

23(22). RTA with a laminar small medial projection on internal margin; MA tapering to apex (Figs 1A–C, 2A–D).. E. arnoi Bonaldo RTA without projections; MA widening and not pointed apically (Bonaldo 1994: figs 19–20).............. E. ferox Simon

24(2). RTA bifid (Fig. 25A–C; Bonaldo et al. 2018: figs 14, 17; Bonaldo 1994: figs 34, 67, 76)............................ 25 RTA trifid (Figs 16B–C, 17C–D, 6B–C; Bonaldo 1994: figs 86, 91)............................................ 30

25(24). RTA divided medially; median prong of MA present (Bonaldo et al. 2018: fig. 17; Bonaldo 1994: figs 32, 34)........... 26 RTA divided basally; median prong of MA absent (Fig. 25A–C; Bonaldo et al. 2018: fig. 14; Bonaldo 1994: figs 67, 72, 76)................................................................................................... 27

26(25). Embolus without prolateral process, tapering distally (Bonaldo 1994: figs 32, 33)................. E. pallatanga Bonaldo Embolus with prolateral process, distally wide (Bonaldo et al. 2018: figs 15, 16)............ E. yungas Bonaldo & Ramírez

27(25). Embolus conic, without processes (Bonaldo 1994: figs 75, 76).................................... E. luridus Simon Embolus flattened, with prolateral process (Fig. 25A–C; Bonaldo et al. 2018: fig. 13; Bonaldo 1994: figs 65, 70)........ 28

28(27). MA long, apex prolaterally oriented; dorsal prong of RTA shorter than ventral (Fig. 25A–C; Bonaldo et al. 2018: figs 12, 14)........................................................................... E. cumbia Bonaldo & Ramírez MA short, apex oriented proximally; prongs of RTA similar in size (Bonaldo 1994: figs 67, 72)...................... 29

29(28). Apex of embolar process acute; embolus apex apically oriented (Bonaldo 1994: figs 65–67)............. E. ravidus Simon Apex of embolar process rounded; embolus apex prolaterally oriented (Bonaldo 1994: figs 70–72)..... E. itajamaru Bonaldo

30(24). Apex of MA wide; embolar apex bifid (Fig. 17A–D; Bonaldo 1994: figs 89, 91)........... E. putus O. Pickard-Cambridge Apex of MA narrow; embolar apex trifid (Figs 15A–C, 16B–C; Bonaldo 1994: figs 84, 86).......................... 31

31(30). RTA with three pointed branches; prolateral branch of embolus poorly developed (Fig. 19B–C; Bonaldo 1994: figs 84, 86)..

................................................................................. E. sigillatus Chickering RTA with rounded branches; prolateral embolar branch well developed (Figs 15A–C, 16A–C).......... E. tibacuy sp. nov.

33(1). Epigynal posterior plates fused, with a longitudinal median suture (Figs 24A–D, 15D–E, 16E–F; Bonaldo et al. 2018: fig. 18; Bonaldo 1994: figs 41, 82, 87, 92)....................................................................... 34 Epigynal posterior plates not fused medially (Fig. 11E–F; Bonaldo et al. 2018: figs 7, 52; Bonaldo 1994: figs 21, 46, 59, 68)................................................................................................... 40

36(34). Median field longer than wide; anterior margins of posterior plates W-shaped (Figs 24A–D, 15D–E, 16E–F; Bonaldo 1994: figs 87, 88)............................................................................................. 37 Median field as long as wide, without projection; anterior margins otherwise (Bonaldo 1994: figs 82, 92).............. 39

38(37). Median field with median depression; anterior projections very elongate; stem of S2 thicker (Figs 15D–E, 16E–F)..................................................................................................... E. tibacuy Median field without depression; stem of S2 thinner (Fig. 24A–D)..................................... E. yariguies

40(33). Anterior projections reduced, inconspicuous (Bonaldo et al. 2018: fig. 61)............... E. nancyae Bonaldo & Saturnino Anterior projections conspicuous (Fig. 4D–E; Bonaldo et al. 2018: figs 7, 52; Bonaldo 1994: figs 21, 46, 54)........... 41

43(42). Anterior projections larger or slightly smaller than posterior plates (Fig. 4D–E; Bonaldo et al. 2018: fig. 7; Bonaldo 1994: figs 21, 24, 46, 50, 52, 53)................................................................................. 44 Anterior projections distinctly smaller than posterior plates (Figs 11E–F, 7E–F; Bonaldo et al. 2018: fig. 52; Bonaldo 1994: figs 59, 68, 73, 77, 79, 80)................................................................................. 50

45(44). Posterior margin of anterior projections strongly procurved (Fig. 26B; Bonaldo 1994: fig. 52)....... E. saylapampa Bonaldo Posterior margin nearly straight (Fig. 27A–B; Bonaldo et al. 2018: fig. 7)..................... E. murgai Bonaldo & Lise

46(44). Median field subtriangular, bulging between anterior projections (Fig. 2D–E; Bonaldo 1994: fig. 53).............. E. arnoi Median field otherwise (Fig. 7D–E; Bonaldo 1994: figs 21, 24, 46, 50).......................................... 47

47(46). Median field squared; anterior projections truncated (Fig. 7D–E; Bonaldo 1994: fig. 46)..................... E. tropicus Median field longer than wide; anterior projections rounded (Fig. 4D–E; Bonaldo 1994: figs 21, 24, 50)............... 48

48(47). Apex of anterior projections rugose, strongly sclerotized (Fig. 4D–E; Bonaldo 1994: fig. 50).............. E. valderramai Apex smooth (Bonaldo 1994: figs 21, 24)................................................................. 49

49(48). Median field plain anteriorly, with posterior longitudinal groove (Fig. 4A–B; Bonaldo 1994: fig. 24)............. E. silvae Median field concave anteriorly, without groove (Fig. 26A)............................................... E. ferox

50(43). Each posterior plate with posterior-lateral excavation (Bonaldo 1994: fig. 60)............................. E. furcifer Plates without excavations (Figs 14D–E, 11E–F; Bonaldo 1994: figs 68, 77, 79, 80)............................... 51

52(51). Median field as long as wide (Fig. 23A–B; Bonaldo 1994: fig. 68)....................................... E. ravidus Median field longer than wide (Fig. 23C–D; Bonaldo 1994: fig. 73).................................... E. itamaraju

53(51). Anterior projections not projected over posterior plates (Figs 11E–F, 7E–F; Bonaldo et al. 2018: fig. 52; Bonaldo 1994: fig. 80)................................................................................................ 54 Anterior projections projected over posterior plates (Bonaldo 1994: figs 77, 79)................................... 56

54(53). Median field wide, anterior margin gently curved (Peñaherrera-E et al. 2024: fig. 2C).... E. tendetza Peñaherrera et al., 2024 Median field narrow (Figs 11E–F, 7E–F, 14D; Bonaldo 1994: fig. 80)........................................... 55

55(54). Posterior plate subtriangular; stem of S2 elongated; S2 smaller (Figs 11E–F, 7E–F)......................... E. luisdiazi Posterior plate globose; stem of S2 short and robust; S2 larger (Fig. 12D–E; Bonaldo et al. 2018: fig. 52; Bonaldo 1994: fig. 80)....................................................................................... E. marquesae

56(53). Anterior projections gently tapering (Bonaldo 1994: fig. 77)............................................ E. luridus Anterior projections truncated (Bonaldo 1994: fig. 79).................................................. E. madre