Inca bonplandi (Gyllenhal, 1817)

Trichius bonplandi Gyllenhal, 1817: 196 [original combination]

Inca serricollis (partim): GORY & PERCHERON (1833): 108 [ I. bonplandi synonymized with I. serricollis ignoring priority]

Inca bonplandi: BURMEISTER & SCHAUM (1840): 380 [new combination and resurrection of the senior synonym]

Ynca bonplandi: LAPORTE (1840): 159 [combination with misspelled genus name]

Inca bomplandi: BRUCH (1911): 216 [incorrect subsequent spelling, unavailable name]

Inca tapujo Perty, 1830 . Junior subjective synonym.

Inca tapujo Perty, 1830: 51 [original combination]. Synonymized with I. serricollis by GORY & PERCHERON (1833: 108).

Ynca tapago: LAPORTE (1840): 159 [combination with misspelled genus name and incorrect subsequent spelling of specific epithet, unavailable name]

Inca tapayo: GORY & PERCHERON (1833): 108, 401 [incorrect subsequent spelling, unavailable name]

Inca bonplandi var. tapujo: SCHENKLING (1922):4 [downgraded to variety, unjustified act]

Inca serricollis LePeletier & Serville, 1828 . Junior subjective synonym.

Goliath serricollis: DEJEAN (1821): 61 [nomen nudum, unavailable name]

Inca serricollis LePeletier & Serville, 1828 [original combination].Synonymized with I. bonplandi and incorrectly treated as senior synonym by GORY & PERCHERON (1833: 108); priority corrected by BURMEISTER & SCHAUM (1840: 380).

Ynca servicollis: LAPORTE (1840):159 [combination with misspelled genus name; incorrect subsequent spelling, unavailable name]

Goliathus fasciatus Kirby, 1819 . Junior subjective synonym.

Goliathus fasciatus Kirby, 1819: 407 [original combination]. Synonymized by BURMEISTER & SCHAUM (1840: 380).

Inca fasciata: BLACKWELDER (1944): 260 [new combination, incorrect gender agreement]

Goliathus inscriptus Kirby, 1819 . Junior subjective synonym.

Goliathus inscriptus Kirby, 1819: 407 [original combination]. Synonymized by BURMEISTER & SCHAUM (1840: 380).

Inca bonplandi var. inscriptus: SCHENKLING (1922): 4 [downgraded to variety, unjustified]

Inca bonplandi v. inscripta: BLACKWELDER (1944): 260 [incorrect gender agreement]

Goliathus tricuspis Drapiez, 1820 . Junior subjective synonym.

Goliathus tricuspis Drapiez, 1820: 272 [original combination]. Synonymized by BURMEISTER & SCHAUM (1840: 380).

Types. Inca bonplandi: One male syntype in NHRS and one female syntype in UUZM. Inca tapujo: Seven specimens of Inca bonplandi are deposited in ZSM and could be syntypes of I. tapujo (SCHERER 1983) . Goliathus inscriptus: One male syntype in BMNH. Goliathus faciatus: one male syntype in BMNH. The types of Inca serricollis and Goliathus tricuspis were not located by us.

Locality records from literature. ARGENTINA: JUJUY (BRUCH 1911), MISIONES (BRUCH 1911, RICHTER 1913, DI IORIO 2013). BOLIVIA (DI IORIO 2013). BRAZIL (GYLLENHAL 1817; KIRBY 1819): BRASILIA (EVANGELISTA NETO et al. 2017), MINAS GERAIS (PERTY 1830, PUKER et al. 2014), PARÁ (SCHULZ 1901), RIO DE JANEIRO (DRAPIEZ 1820, OHAUS 1900, COSTA et al. 1988, DI IORIO 2013). PARAGUAY: CAAGUAZÚ (DI IORIO 2013), ITAPÚA (DI IORIO 2013).

Additional material examined. ARGENTINA: MISIONES: 2 ♁♁ 1 ♀ (NMPC): Argentina, Misiones, Iguazú, xii.99; 1 ♁ (NMPC): Argentina, Misiones, Pozo Azul, xii.99; 1 ♁ 1 ♀ (MSPC): Argentina, Misiones, San Pedro, vii.2010; 1 ♁ 1 ♀ (ARPC): Argentina, Iguazu env.; 1 ♁ 1 ♀ (BCRC):Argentina, Misiones, Mocona, iv.1985. BRAZIL: BRASILIA: 1♁ (CEMT): Brazil, Distrito Federal, Fazenda Água Limpa, 15°57ʹ26.0″S, 47°56ʹ42.3″W,Armd.Isca Abacaxi 1, 28.xii.2013,Evangelista Neto, F.leg.; 1 ♀ (MZSP): Distrito Federal, Floresta Cabeça, i.1957, B. Pereira leg.; 1 ♀ (CEMT): Brazil, Distrito Federal, Fazenda Água Limpa, 15°57ʹ20.3″S, 47°56ʹ41.5″W, Armd. Isca Banana 12, 13.xi.2013, Evangelista Neto, J. ESPÍRITO SANTO: 1♁ 2♀♀ (ZMUH):Brazil, Espirito Santo; 1♀ (DZUP): Brazil, Espirito Santo, Linhares, (P. Sooretema), xii.1969, J. M. Lima leg. (DZUP 273765). MINAS GERAIS: 1 ♀ (NHRS): Minas Geraes, Mar d. Espanha, J. Zikan leg. PARANÁ: 2 ♀♀ (NMPC): Paraná; 1 ♁ (ZMUH): Parana, Curitiba; 1 ♀ (CEMT): Brazil, Paraná, Londrina, 11.xii.1995, J. Lopes leg.; 1 ♀ (ZMUH): Brazil, Parana, Lucena; 1 ♀ (MZSP): Brasil, Rolandia, Norte-Paraná, iii.1951, Dirings leg. RIO DE JANEIRO: 1 ♁ 2 ♀♀ (NMPC):Rio de Janeiro,Havlasa leg; 1♀ (MZSP):Rio de Janeiro,Itatiaya, 700 m, 17.i.1926, J. F. Zikán leg.; 1 ♀ (NMPC): Rio de Janeiro; 1 ♁ 1 ♀ (NMPC): Petrópolis; 1 ♀ (NHRS): Rio de Janeiro, Petropolis, 1.ii.1899, F. Ohaus; 1 ♁ (NHRS): Rio de Janeiro, Corcovado, 9.i.1899, F. Ohaus; F. Ohaus; 1 ♁ (NHRS): Rio de Janeiro, Corcovado, 9.i.1905, F. Ohaus; 1 ♀ (NHRS): Rio de Janeiro, Petropolis, 2.ii.1899, F.Ohaus; 1♁ (NHRS):Rio de Janeiro, Petropolis, 12.i.1899, F. Ohaus; 1 ♁ (NHRS): Rio de Janeiro, Itatiaya, 27.xi.1926, F. Ohaus. RIO GRANDE DO SUL: 1 ♀ (PSPC): Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul; 1 ♁ 1 ♀ (NMPC): Rio Grande do Sul; 1 ♀ (ARPC): Brasil,Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Cruz; 1♁ (ZMUH):Brazil, P.Alegro; 1♁ 1 ♀ (ZMUH): Rio Grande do Sul; 1 ♀ (NHRS): Sao Leopoldo, J W. Stahl leg.; 1 ♁ (FZBRS): Rio Grande do Sul, S. Luiz Gonzaga, 19.xii.1967, A. C. M. Moraes, (Col. MCN 163. 471); 1 ♁ (FZBRS): Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Maria, (Cerrito), 11.ii.1994, L. Witeck leg.(Col MCN 218853); 1 ♀ (MZUEFS): Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Vila Olivia, 20.ii.1950, J. Becker leg. (#30589); 1 ♁ (MZUEFS): Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, 14.ii.1950, J. Becker leg.(#30598). SANTA CATARINA: 1♀ (NMPC):Santa Catarina.Fu[?] ke leg.; 1 ♀ (MZSP): Brasil, Blumenau, Bairro Garoia, Moro Spitzkopf, iii.1962; 1 ♀ (MZSP): Brasil, Santa Catarina, Joinville, Dirings leg.; 1 ♁ (MZSP): Santa Catarina, Nova Teotonio, i.1949, F. Plaumann leg.; 1 ♀ (MZSP):Santa Catarina,Rio Vermelho, i.1958, Dirings leg.; 1♀ (BCRC): Brazil, Sao Bento do Sul; 1 ♀ (ZMUH): Santa Catharina; 1 ♀ (MZSP): Brazil, Santa Catarina, Timbó, viii.1963, Dirings leg. SÃO PAULO: 1 ♁ (MZUEFS): Brazil, São Paulo, Aguas da Prata 27.ii.1969, J. Becker leg. (#30592);1♁ 1♀ (NMPC):São Paulo,Mráz leg.;1♁ (UNSM):Brazil,Sao Paulo,Itaici, i.1960,J.R.Neidoefer leg.; 1♀ (MZSP):São Paulo,Ypiranga; 1 ♀ (CMNC): Brazil, Sao Paulo, Capao Bonito, ii.1946, J. Guerin leg.; 1 ♀ (ZMUH): Brazil, Sao Paulo, 1917; 1 ♀ (ZMUH): Brazil, Sao Paulo; 1 ♀ (MZSP): Brasil, São Paulo, Piracicaba, xi.1961, K. Reichardt leg.; 1 ♀ (MZSP):São Paulo, São Sebastião, Praia Baraqueçaba, 2.iv.1963, P.Araujo leg.; 1 ♀ (MZSP): Brazil, São Paulo, Sertãozinho, Res. Ecol. Augusto Ruschi, 21°10.520’S, 48°5.47’W, 529 m, 07–21.xii.2011. Malaise borda, V. C. Silva, P. F. Donda & G. P. Ignácio leg. PARAGUAY: GUAIRÁ: 1 ♁ (NMPC):Paraguay,Villarica,Kolonio Sudetica. ITAPÚA: 2♁♁ 1♀ (ARPC): Paraguay, Encarnacion, xii.1975. ITAQUIRI: 1♀ (DZUP):Paraguai, Itaquiri, 400 m, 15–20.i.1980, Mielke & Miers leg. (DZUP 273741). SAN PEDRO: 1 ♁ 2 ♀♀ (NMPC): Paraguay, Carlos Pfannl, i.1969, José Andres lgt.

Remarks. BLACKWELDER (1944) erroneously attributed authorship of Inca serricollis to GORY & PERCHERON (1833). SCHENKLING (1922) listed “ tapujo” and “inscriptus ” as variations of Inca bonplandi (Gyllenhall, 1817), and there seems to be no evident justification for Schenkling’s listing. KRAJCIK (1999) incorrectly gave the year for Inca tapujo as 1834 and not 1830. BURMEISTER & SCHAUM (1840) stated that Goliathus inscriptus Kirby, 1819 only represents an “insignificant variety” and later BURMEISTER & SCHAUM (1841) added that it is only a darker variant of Inca bonplandi . Goliathus fasciatus Kirby, 1819 and Goliathus tricuspis Drapiez, 1820 were listed by BURMEISTER & SCHAUM (1840) as synonyms of Inca bonplandi without further comment. DI IORIO (2013) interpreted the synonymical listing of Goliath fasciatus and Goliath inscriptus under Inca bonplandi only as a reference, but we acknowledge that BURMEISTER & SCHAUM (1840) established these synonymies. SCHAUM (1849) stated that the type of Goliathus fasciatus Kirby, 1819 only represents a “slight variation” of Inca bonplandi . He clearly intended to keep Kirby’s species in synonymy. BLACKWELDER (1944) unjustifiably emended and combined the name to Inca fasciata . Both, BURMEISTER & SCHAUM (1840) and LAPORTE (1840) resurrected Inca bonplandi as valid name over the junior synonyms, but BURMEISTER & SCHAUM (1840) was published in July–September 1840 (BOUSQUET 2012), whereas LAPORTE (1840) was published as earliest as on 26 December 1840 (BOUSQUET 2016). Therefore, BURMEISTER & SCHAUM (1840) deserve credit for the resurrection.