Jenkinshelea Macfie

(Figs. 17A, 21C, 26G, 30L, 33E, 38C, 45I, 51C, 65A, 75K–L)

DIAGNOSIS: Only pupa of Ceratopogonidae with the metathorax with only one campaniform sensillum (M-3-T) situated at least ⅓ the length of the metathorax from its anterior margin (Fig. 51C), abdominal segment 1 with D-2- I and D-3-I well separated (Fig. 51C), abdominal segment 4 with L-1-IV a short seta (Fig. 65A), D-5-IV on an undivided tubercle, and D-4-IV situated medial to D-8-IV and D-9-IV (not diagnosable as different from Mallochohelea).

DESCRIPTION: Total length = 2.22–5.63 mm. Without larval exuviae retained on abdomen. Exuviae with flagellum appressed against lateral margin of midleg, wing (Figs. 17A, 33E). Ecdysial tear extending into eye sheath (Figs. 17A, 79I). Head: Dorsal apotome (Fig. 21C), without ventral line of weakness, without dorsomedial tubercle, without central dome; dorsolateral cephalic sclerite (as in Fig. 13H) fused to scutum, each side separated medially by dorsal apotome in whole pupa; mouthparts (Fig. 26G) with mandible well-developed, lacinia absent; palpus extending posterior to posterolateral margin of labium; labium separated medially by labrum, hypopharynx; apex of antenna (Fig. 38C) barely anterior to barely posterior to posterior extent of midlength portion of midleg (portion lateral to mesosternum); sensilla: dorsal apotomals (Fig. 21C)—1 elongate seta, 1 campaniform sensillum; dorsolateral cephalic sclerite sensilla—1 seta, 1 campaniform sensillum; clypeal-labrals (Fig. 26G)—2 slender or thick setae; oculars (Fig. 26G)—2 setae, 1 campaniform sensillum. Thorax: Prothoracic extension (Fig. 26G) wide, well-developed, extending from palpus to antenna; mesonotum with short to moderately sized tubercles, not extending posteromedially, not dividing metathorax medially (Fig. 51C); respiratory organ (Fig. 45I) length/width = 2.38-3.72, very short, squat to elongate, somewhat flattened apically, with pores closely abutting at apex of respiratory organ, arranged in single row, outer surface with some wrinkles, with short, wide pedicel, base with short posteromedial apodeme, membranous base of respiratory organ short, tracheal tube straight to slightly curved along length, with spirals restricted to base, wrinkles to half length; wing (Fig. 38C) without apical tubercle or angle, separated medially by fore-, midlegs; halter apex and hind leg (Fig. 33E) broadly abutting; halter apex abutting anterolateral knob-like extension of tergite 2; legs (Fig. 38C) with lateral margin of foreleg near midlength of wing evenly curved; hind leg visible at lateral margin of wing (Fig. 33E); with apex of foreleg moderately anterior to apex of midleg; apex of hind leg abutting apex of midleg laterally or small gap between the two; sensilla: anteromedials—1 short peg, 1 elongate seta (as in Fig. 31N); anterolaterals—1 moderately long seta; dorsal setae (Fig. 30L)—D-1-T, D-2-T D-5-T peg-like or short, stout setae, D-4-T elongate seta, D-3-T campaniform sensillum; D-1-T, D-2-T on single tubercle, D-3-T anterolateral to D-4-T; supraalar 2—campaniform sensillum; metathoracics (Fig. 51C)—1 campaniform sensillum; M-3-T distant from margin of metathorax (at least 1/3 length of metathorax). Abdomen: pigmentation light to moderately brown, tergite 1 with 3 medial spots, tergites 2-7 with medial area with stripe, 2 anterolateral spots, 2 pairs on tergite 8, sternites not pigmented or sternites 3-5 with medial stripe, anterolateral spot (sternites 6-7 membranous), segment 2 as wide or slightly wider than segment 3, segments with undivided, peg-like or thin to thick setae, with rounded to pointed, short tubercles, tergites or sternites entire, not membranous or with sternites 5-7 each with membranous disc; segment 9 (Figs. 75 K-L) not strongly modified, terminal processes separated basally, each projecting posterodorsolaterally, tapering to pointed apex; sensilla: tergite 1 (Fig. 51C) with 7 setae, 2 campaniform sensilla, including 4 lateral sensilla, D-2- I, D-3-I well separated, D-7-I situated anterolaterally near L-1-I; segment 4 (Fig. 65A)—D-2-IV, D-3-IV moderately elongate setae on short tubercles; D-5-IV, D-8-IV peg-like setae, D-9-IV moderately elongate seta; D- 5-IV on single tubercle, D-8-IV, D-9-IV on separate but closely approximated tubercles, posterior dorsal sensilla in transverse row, arranged medially to laterally: D-5-IV, D-4-IV, D-8-IV, D-9-IV; D-7-IV near D-3-IV; L-1-IV short seta on short tubercle, near L-3-IV; L-2-IV, L-4-IV short setae, L-3-IV elongate seta, L-2-IV on pointed tubercle, L-3-IV, L-4-IV on short tubercles, V-5-IV, V-6-IV, V-7-IV moderately elongate setae, all closely approximated; segment 8 without D-3-VIII, without L-1-VIII; segment 9 (Figs. 75K–L)—with D-5-IX, D-6-IX campaniform sensilla.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT: The genus Jenkinshelea is known from 20 species in the Nearctic, Palaearctic, Oriental, and Afrotropical Regions ( Borkent 2014). Immatures have been reared from lake, stream, and river margins, rice fields, marshes, ponds and dead leaves in a swamp.

TAXONOMIC DISCUSSION: Pupae of five species of Jenkinshelea are known (Tables 2–3). Male pupae of J. magnipennis from Rideau River, Ottawa, Ontario (females not available) had significantly larger abdominal tubercles bearing D-2-IV, D-5-IV and D-8-IV than did those from nearby Black Lake, Stanleyville, Ontario, likely indicating the presence of more than one species.

MATERIAL EXAMINED: J. albaria: 1 pupal exuviae, Lake Wissota, Chippewa County, Wisconsin, USA, 22-VII-1979 (USNM); 1 pupal exuviae, Potomac River, Fairfax County, Virginia, USA, 7-VI-1955 (USNM); 9 pupal exuviae, Potomac River at Scott Run, Fairfax County, Virginia, USA, 7-VI-1955 (1 USNM, 8 WLGC); 1 pupal exuviae, no locality, VI-1955 (USNM). J. magnipennis: 9 pupal exuviae, Black Lake, Stanleyville, Ontario, Canada, 29-VI-1975 (USNM); 2 pupal exuviae, Rideau River, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 29-V-1960 (USNM); 1 pupal exuviae, Lac Serpent Notre Dame de Laus, Quebec, Canada, 17-VI-1968 (LEMQ). J. polyxenae: 1 pupal exuviae, Bathing Pond, Eshowe, Zululand, South Africa, 24-IX-1930 (SAIM). J. rhodesiensis: 1 pupal exuviae, 1 pupal exuviae (of paratype), Msasa Stream, Salisbury, Southern Rhodesia, 30-III-1942 (SAIM); 1 pupal exuviae, Sand River between White River and Hazyview, East Transvaal, South Africa, 2-XII-1973 (NMSA). J. tokunagai: 1 pupal exuviae, Nam Houng river, Sayaboury Province, Laos, 4-7-III-1968 (BPBM). J. sp.: 2 pupal exuviae (in glycerin), Ottawa, ON, Canada, 29-VI-1975 (CNCI); 1 pupa, 1 pupal exuviae, Lac Serpent Notre Dame de Laus, Quebec, Canada, 17-VI-1968 (LEMQ).