17. Soyedina carolinensis (Claassen, 1923)

Carolina Forestfly

http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Plecoptera .speciesfile.org:TaxonName:6065

(Figs. 115–122)

Nemoura carolinensis Claassen 1923:287 . Holotype male ( Museum of Comparative Zoology), Morganton, (Burke Co.), North Carolina, USA

Nemoura carolinensis Needham & Claassen, 1925:215

Nemoura (Soyedina) washingtoni carolinensis Ricker, 1952:53

Soyedina carolinensis Illies, 1966:249

Soyedina carolinensis Stark, 2017:187

Soyedina carolinensis Grubbs & Baumann, 2019:231

Distribution. USA: DE, MD, NC, PA, TN, VA, WV (DeWalt et al. 2022)

Male. Macropterous. Body length 5.0–7.0 mm, forewing length 5.4–8.4 mm (n = 14). Gills absent. Cerci simple and unmodified. Paraprocts with two lobes, inner lobes lightly sclerotized and inconspicuous, outer lobes sclerotized, a common phenotype present from populations from east Tennessee and western North Carolina have an outer lobe that has a narrow profile in apical ½ with anterior and posterior margins ca. parallel and without a basoposterior expansion (Fig. 119); another common phenotype distributed further northward along the Blue Ridge and upper Piedmont provinces into central Maryland and southeastern Pennsylvania have an outer lobe that is not parallel along the anterior and posterior margins plus a bulbous basoposterior portion (Fig. 120); a third phenotype from higher-elevation streams and seeps in southwestern Virginia and east Tennessee have an outer paraproct lobe that is sickle-shaped and with a distinct anteriorly-directed spur (Fig. 121). Epiproct asymmetric, typical for genus (Fig. 115); ventral sclerites partially recurved over abdomen, distinctly asymmetric, apically narrowly triangular (Fig. 115); dorsal sclerites distinctly asymmetric, appearing scaly at higher magnifications (Figs. 116‒118); open apically, inner member heavily sclerotized, flanged apically, lip symmetric apically (Figs. 116‒117).

Female. Macropterous. Body length 5.8–9.3 mm, forewing length 7.5–9.0 mm (n = 19). Gills absent. Cerci simple and unmodified. Subgenital plate well-developed, subtriangular in shape; base broad, extending from posterior of seventh sternum entirely over eighth sternum and approximately ¼ over ninth sternum; terminating in broadly-rounded apex (Fig. 122).

Larva. Undescribed.

Comments. Soyedina carolinensis is known from the southern Appalachian Mountain region northeastward to the Piedmont Uplands of southeastern Pennsylvania and northern Delaware. This species is also likely present in New Jersey (Grubbs & Baumann 2019).