2a. Homalium axillare subsp. axillare

Tree to 16 m, 26 cm dbh, or large shrub. Leaves elliptical to broadly elliptical (seldom to ovate or obovate), (2.5–)3.6–7.5 (–9.3) × 1.5–3.8(–4.3) cm; petiole 4–8 mm; margins crenateserrate (crenulate, subentire), with glands usually elongated in tooth apices; adaxial surface drying darker, brown (greenish), abaxial surface brown (greenish). Inflorescences (2.6–) 4–14.5 cm. Filaments (1.3–) 2.1–3.5 mm.

Distribution, ecology and conservation status. – Homalium axillare subsp. axillare is found in mid-elevation to moderately high-elevation humid forests in Toamasina and surrounding provinces; it is once reported on crust. It is relatively common and is found in protected areas including Analamazaotra, Zahamena, and Ranomafana; therefore a preliminary assessment of its conservation status is “Least Concern” [LC].

Vernacular names. – “Hazombato” (Service Forestier 1047, 1391, 1603, 6628); Iasiravina (Service Forestier 14394); “Marakoditra” (Service Forestier 7551); “Maranikoditra” (Razanatsoa & Marcellin 234); “Marankoditra” (Louvel 63, Perrier de la Bâthie 6794, Razanatsoa et al. 45, Service de Colonisation 42, Service Forestier 1603, 4841, Thouvenot 42); “Maroankoditra” (Antilahimena et al. 3217, Antilahimena & Félix 3158, Rakotonandrasana et al. 608).

Selected material examined. – MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antananarivo: 10 km SE de Tsinjoarivo, forêt de Mahatsinjo, 19°40'86"S 47°46'12"E, 1550 m, 13.I.1999, fl., Messmer & Andriatsiferana 679 (MO) . Prov. Fianarantsoa: Ambatofinandrahana, 20°29'58"S 46°51'37"E, 1411 m, 2.XI.2004, fl., Andriamihajarivo et al. 409 (MO) ; Ranomafana National Park, Vohiparara, 21°14'25"S 47°23'38"E, 1100–1200 m, 2.XI.1997, fl., Malcomber et al. 2856 (BR, G, K, L, MO) ; Ihorombe, Mahatsijoriaka, 9.XI.1951, fl., Service Forestier 4841 (P) ; Fort-Carnot, Ambodivonana, 23.X.1954, fl., Service Forestier 14394 (P) . Prov. Mahajanga: Matsoandakana, 15°08'25"S 49°21'04"E, 1037 m, 9.II.2008, fl., Bernard et al. 725 (MO) . Prov. Toamasina: Ambatovy forest, Berano village, 18°48'29"S 48°18'50"E, 1060 m, 25.I.2005, fr., Antilahimena et al. 3217 (G, K, MO, P) ; Andasibe, Menalamba, Ambatovy, Dynatec camp, 18°51'06"S 48°18'39"E, 1119 m, 18.XII.2005, fl., Antilahimena & Edmond 4452 (MO, P) ; Fkt. Andasibe, Analamazaotra, 18°55'22"S 48°25'32"E, 1001 m, 21.XII.2013, fr., Antilahimena et al. 8838 (MO, P) ; Analamazaotra, X.1925, fr., Louvel 63 (P) ; Ambatovy, Andranovery, 18°05'57"S 48°18'19"E, 1040 m, 27.I.2008, fl., Phillipson & Antilahimena 6069B (MO, P) ; RNI Zahamena, à côté du RNI, 17°45'45"S 48°42'10"E, 953 m, 29.XI.2001, fl., Rakotonandrasana et al. 608 (MO, P) ; Analamazaotra, Lac vert, 18°56'20"S 48°25'15"E, 966 m, 12.XII.2013, fl., Rasoazanany et al. 537 (MO, P) ; Fkt. Ampitambe, 18°49'12"S 48°20'7"E, 1178 m, 2.II.2005, fl., Razafindraibe & Antilahimena 15 (MO, P) ; Ambatovy, Torotorofotsy forest, 18°52'05"S 48°21'27"E, 961 m, 13.I.2005, fr., Razanatsoa et al. 20 (MO, P) ; Tsinjoarivo, Ambatolampy, 11.XII.1952, fl., Service Forestier 6628 (P) ; Ambotrajanga, Perinet, 17.XII.1952, fr., Service Forestier 7551 (MO, P) ; près d’Ankarahara, P.K. 102 de la route Tananarive-Moramanga, rive gauche du Mangoro, 21.XI.1963, fr., Service Forestier 22924 (P) ; Andapabe, Ilalanga, 28.I.1967, fr., Service Forestier 26282 (P) .