Halichoerus grypus (Fabricius 1791)
[Phoca] grypus Fabricius 1791, Skr. Nat. Selsk. Copenhagen, 1 (2): 167.
Type Locality: Listed by Scheffer (1958) as " Greenland ".
Vernacular Names: Gray Seal.
Subspecies::
Subspecies Halichoerus grypus subsp. grypus Fabricius 1791
Subspecies Halichoerus grypus subsp. macrorhynchus Hornschuch and Schilling 1851
Distribution: Temperate and subarctic waters around Canada (Newfoundland area), Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greenland, Iceland, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal (vagrant), Russia (Kola Peninsula), Sweden, USA (Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, New Jersey - vagrant).
Conservation: IUCN – Lower Risk (lc), except for Northeast Atlantic subpopulation, which is Endangered.
Discussion: Synonyms allocated according to Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951).