Caloptilia, Marmara, and Phyllocnistis spp. ( Gracillariidae: Gracillariinae, Phyllocnistinae)

Marmara gulosa Guillén and Davis, the citrus peelminer, has been reported as a pest of avocado in California (Waite and Barrera 2002; as M. salictella Clemens). Larvae cause damage by mining the surface of fruit, causing significant scarring, and they may also mine shoots and leaves (Guillén et al. 2001, Waite and Barrera 2002). Caloptilia perseae (Busck) is considered a pest of avocado in México, where larvae mine leaves but rarely cause significant damage (Wysoki et al. 2002). Davis and Wagner (2011) described several new species of Phyllocnistis from Central America and the southeastern U.S. that mine leaves of avocado; none of these species are recorded from California.