Monachus monachus (Hermann, 1779) . Beschaft. Berlin Ges. Naturforsch. Fr., 4:501.

TYPE LOCALITY: King (1956) listed the locality as "captured in the autumn of 1777 in the Dalmation Sea at Ossero." [Yugoslavia] .

DISTRIBUTION: Mediterranean and Black Seas; NW Africa to Cape Blanc.

STATUS: CITES - Appendix I; U.S. ESA and IUCN - Endangered.

SYNONYMS: albiventer Boddaert, 1785; altantica Gray, 1854; bicolor Shaw, 1800; byronii Desmarest, 1820; hermannii Lesson, 1828; leucogaster Peron, 1817; mediterraneus Nilsson, 1838 .