3.1.4.7. Dasmeusa pauperata (Fabricius, 1803)

Figs 1H, 8A-I, 9A-I, 10A-F, 11A, B, 14A-L, 15A-I, 16A-L, 17A-L, 18A-L

Cicada pauperata Fabricius, 1803: 71.

Tettigonia lurida Signoret, 1853: 662.

Erythrogonia bicolor Metcalf, 1949: 260. Syn. nov.

Dasmeusa flavescens Metcalf, 1955: 264, new name for Tettigonia lurida Signoret, 1853: 662, which was preoccupied by T. lurida Germar, 1821: 70. Syn. nov.

Dasmeusa flavescens Note: Young (1977: 293) regarded D. flavescens as a valid species, but Stål (1869: 77) treated T. lurida Signoret as a synonym of T. pauperata (Fabricius).

Length.

♂♂ 9.5-10.8 mm (n = 5); ♀♀ 9.2-10.3 mm (n = 5). Head (Figs 1H, 8A): in dorsal view, well produced anteriorly; median length of crown approximately 8/10 of interocular width and 5/10 of transocular width; anterior margin rounded; ocelli large, located approximately on imaginary line between anterior eye angles; surface of crown slightly concave; antennal ledge, in dorsal view, slightly protuberant; in lateral view, with anterior margin convex. Thorax (Figs 1H, 8A) with pronotum, in dorsal view, with width greater than transocular width of head. Forewing (Fig. 8B) with base of fourth apical cell approximately aligned with base of third; forewing of female at rest exceeding apex of ovipositor.

Coloration (Fig. 1H).

Head, pronotum, and mesonotum mostly brownish-yellow. Forewing yellow, preapical area with irregular orange transverse band. Face, lateral and ventral portions of thorax, and legs pale yellow.

Male terminalia.

Pygofer (Fig. 8C), in lateral view, with posterior margin broadly rounded; macrosetae distributed on posterior half but some located more anteriorly. Subgenital plate (Fig. 8D), in ventral view, with basal third broad and distal two-thirds strongly narrowed; with elongate uniseriate macrosetae on basal third, microsetae distributed mostly along outer lateral margin. Connective (Fig. 8E), in dorsal view, T-shaped; stalk not carinate dorsally, shorter than one arm width. Style (Fig. 8E), in dorsal view, somewhat S-shaped, slender, extending posteriorly beyond apex of connective; obtuse apically. Aedeagus symmetrical (Fig. 8F); shaft, in lateral view, with large ventral lobe and dorsoapical digitiform projection; without processes; gonoduct distinct, gonopore located apically. Paraphyses symmetrical; extending approximately as far posteriorly as aedeagal apex; stalk longer than rami; in dorsal view (Fig. 8G), stalk slender and rami fused at base, but strongly divergent at apical half, each ramus irregularly serrate and with small dentiform projection at basal portion (Fig. 8H); in lateral view (Fig. 8I), stalk sinuous, fused bases of rami robust and apices of rami directed dorsally.

Female terminalia.

Sternite VII (Fig. 9A), in ventral view, triangular, posterior margin rounded. Pygofer (Fig. 9B), in lateral view, with posterior margin narrowly rounded; macrosetae distributed mostly on posterior portion and extending anteriorly along ventral margin. “Internal” sternite VIII, in dorsal view, without sclerotized areas. Valvula I (Fig. 9C-E), in lateral view, with ventral interlocking device elongate, located on basal half of blade. Valvula II (Fig. 9F-I), in lateral view, with about 50 non-contiguous teeth.

Material examined.

Brazil, Amazonas State • 1 ♂: " BRASIL: AM [Amazonas State], 80km N [north of] \ Manaus, Reserva do \ PDBFF [Projeto DinamicaBiologica de Fragmentos Florestais], Km 41 \ 02°24′S, 59°43′W \ 21-22.vii.2004 " (DZRJ) • 1 ♂ and 2 ♀♀ : same data as preceding except “22.xii-07.i.2005” (DZRJ) • 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ : “16-17.ii.2005” (DZRJ) • 2 ♂♂ : “05-06.viii.2004” (DZRJ) • 2 ♂♂ : “24-25.xi.2004” (DZRJ) • 3 ♂♂ and 3 ♀♀ : “08-09.xii.2004” (MNRJ) • 1 ♂ : “18-19.viii.2004” (DZRJ) • 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ : “15-16.ix.2004” (DZRJ) • 3 ♂♂ and 2 ♀♀ : “19-21.i.2005” (MNRJ) • 2 ♂♂ : “10-12.xi.2004” (INPA) • 3 ♂♂ and 7 ♀♀ : “02-04.iii.2005” (INPA) • 3 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ : “27-28.x.2004” (INPA) • 2 ♂♂ : “09-10.vi.2004” (INPA) • 1 ♂ and 5 ♀♀ : “30.iii-01.iv.2005” (DZRJ) • 1 ♂ and 5 ♀♀ : “16-18.iii.2005” (INPA) • 1 ♀ : “26-27.v.2004” (INPA) • 1 ♀ : “07-08.vii.2004” (DZRJ) • 5 ♀♀ : “02-04.ii.2005” (INPA) • 1 ♀ : “12-13.v.2004” (INPA) • 2 ♂♂ : " BRASIL: Amazonas, Barcelos, Rio \ Aracá, Com. [Comunidade] Bacuquara, \ 00.15309N 063.17743W \ Sweep 12-14/VI/2010 \ Takiya & Cavichioli" (DZUP) • 1 ♂ : " Reserva [Florestal Adolpho] Ducke \ Manaus, Amazonas \ Brasil 11-XI-1976 "; "Collector \ N. D. Penny " (DZUP) • 1 ♂ : same data as preceding except “4-X-1976” (INPA) • 1 ♂ : " Brasil, Amazonas, S. [ São] Gabriel da \ Cachoeira, Rio Uaupes, PEF [Pelotao Especial de Fronteira] \ Querari, 15-30.v.2017 \ 01°04′51.3″N- 69°50′32.1″W \ M.L. Oliveira & T. Mahlmann, \ Malaise [trap]" (INPA) • 5 ♂♂ : same data as preceding except “1-15.vi.2017” (INPA) • 2 ♂♂ : “15-30.vii.2017” (INPA) • 2 ♂♂ : " Brasil, Amazonas, Manaus, ZF2 \ KM-14, 02°35′21″S- 60°06′55″W \ 03-17.viii.2016 \ Malaise grande no chão \ J.A. Rafael & F.F. Xavier" (INPA) • 1 ♂ : same data as preceding except “16-31.x.2016” (INPA) • 1 ♂ : “1-15.ix.2016”: " XI Km 31 \ Manaus \ 21-V-1976 Am \ A.P.A. Luna Dias " (INPA) • 1 ♂: " BRASIL, Amazonas, \ Manaus, AM 010, Km 50 \ Ramal Vo Leuda 14-16. \ VI.2013 Luz mista \ F. Xavier D. Mendes \ P. Grossi & P. Bartholomay " (DZUP). Pará State • 1 ♂ : " Utinga \ 7-12-1961 "; " Brasil, PA [ Pará State] \ J. & B. Bechyné” (MPEG) • 1 ♂ : same data as preceding except “25.4.1961” (MPEG) • 1 ♂ : " Brasil, Pará, Óbidos, \ SitioCurio \ 29/VIII - 08/IX/2001 "; "014703S 550705W \ Arm. [Armadilha] Malaise"; " J. A. Rafael & \ J. F. Vidal " (DZUP) • 2 ♂♂ : same data as preceding except “29/VIII/2001” (INPA) • 1 ♂ : “29/VIII/2001” (DZUP) • 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ : “Canindé: " Brasil Pará \ Belém Faz. [Fazenda] Vermelha \ 05-II-1981 "; "Eniel Cruz" (MPEG) • 1 ♂ : " Brasil Pará \ Benevides Faz. \ Morelandia \ 10-VI- a \ 02-VII-1988 "; " Brasil Pará \ F.F. Ramos "; "Armadilha \ Malaise" (MPEG). Roraima State • 1 ♂ : " BRASIL, RR [Roraima State], Amajari,\ Tepequém, SESC, 3°44′ \ 45″N- 61°43′40″W, 1- \ 15.viii.2016, R Boldrini \ & JA Rafael, Malaise \ pequena, Rede Bia" (DZRJ) • 3 ♂♂ : " BRASIL - Roraima \ Rio Uraricoera \ Ilha de Maracá \ 02-13.v.1987 "; " J. A. Rafael \ J. E. B. Brasil \ L. S. Aquino "; " Armadilha de Malaise " (DZUP) • 1 ♂ and 2 ♀♀ : " Brasil, Roraima, ESEC [ Estação Ecológica] \ Maracá, Trilha Principal \ 24.iii.2016 \ Malaise \ A.P.M. Santos col." (INPA) • 5 ♂♂: " Brasil, Roraima, ESEC \ Maracá \ 1-15.iii.2016 \ Malaise \ R. Boldrini " (INPA) • 2 ♂♂: " Brasil, Roraima, Alto Alegre, \ ESEC Maracá 3°21′59″N - \ 61°26′04″W, 1-15.x.2916, R. \ Boldrini & J.A. Rafael, \ Malaise pequena, Rede BIA" (INPA). Sergipe State • 1 ♂ and 1 ♀: " BRASIL, SE [Sergipe State], São Cristóvão \ 10°57′S 37°09′W \ A. P. Marques-Costa et al. \ 29-31.i.2010 \ Mata Atlântica YPT" (DZRJ). Bahia State • 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ : " Belmonte - \ Barrolândia - BA [Bahia State] \ 1-VIII-1978 \ J. L. Nessimian "; “Estação \ Experimental \ Gregório \ Bondar" (DZRJ) • 1 ♀ : "CEPLAC - ITA - \ BUNA [ Itabuna] - BA. \ 1-VIII-1978 \ J. L. Nessimian " (DZRJ) . French Guiana • 1 ♀: " FRENCH GUIANA: Petite \ Montagne Tortue P14 \ 04°19′14.1″N - 052°14′27.5″W \ 24.xi.2010 \ Lamarre G Leg"; "Terra firme clay forest \ Vitre trap (V10)" (DZRJ) • 1 ♀ : " FRENCH GUIANA: Laussat \ P4 \ 05°28′31.6″N 053°35′07.3″W \ 30.ix.2010 \ Lamarre G. Leg"; "Terra firme clay forest \ Vitre trap (V 3)" (DZRJ) • 1 ♀ : " FRENCH GUIANA: \ Belvedere de Sauel \ 05/II/2010 \ SEAG leg. \ Malaise (M2)" (DZRJ) • 1 ♀: " FRENCH GUIANA: Montagne \ des Chevaux \ 4°44'56″N - 52°26'28″W, alt. 75 m \ 21.viii.2011 \ window trap \ SEAG col." (DZRJ) • 1 ♂ : same data as preceding except “16.vii.2011” (DZRJ) • 1 ♂ : “01.iv.2012” (DZRJ) • 1 ♂ : “08.v.2011” (DZRJ) • 1 ♀ : “02.viii.2011”: same data as preceding except “9-9-1997” and “6068” (DZUP) • 1 ♂: "#CICA0001 \ Catostemma flagrans [host-plant] \ Camoudi 1-12.1996"; "Hand collecting/beating \ Station 3557 \ Seed\Sapl\Tree"; "Mabura Hill \ GUYANA \ Y. Basset, Coll."; “1111” (DZUP) • 1 ♂: "#CICA 001 \ Catostemma fragrans \ Camoudi 18-06-1997 "; "Hand collecting/beating \ Station 5425\ Seed/Sapl/Tree"; "Mabura Hill \ GUYANA \ Y. Basset, Coll."; “7937” (DZUP) • 1 ♀: "#CICA001 \ Pentaclethra macroloba [host-plant] \ Camoudi 9.9.1997 "; "Hand collecting/beating \ Station 6082 \ Seed/Sapl/Tree"; "Mabura Hill \ GUYANA \ Y. Basset, Coll."; “6636” (DZUP) • 1 ♂: "#CICA 001 \ Pentaclethra macroloba \ Camoudi 25/7/1996 "; "Hand collecting/beating \ Station \ Seed/Sapl/Tree"; "Mabura Hill \ GUYANA \ Y. Basset, Coll."; “2309” (DZUP) • 1 ♀: "#CICA 001 \ Chlorocardium rodiei [host-plant] \ Camoudi 12-3-1997 "; "Hand collecting/beating \ Station 1711 \ Seed/Sapl/Tree"; "Mabura Hill \ GUYANA \ Y. Basset, Coll."; “4364” (DZUP) • 1 ♀ : same data as preceding except “6.2-1997” and “4392” (DZUP). Suriname • 2 ♂♂ and 1 ♀: " Anapaike ( Rio Lawa) \ Marowijne distr. [district] \ SURINAME \ XI.[1]968 B. Malkin " (DZUP) • 2 ♀♀: same data as preceding (MZSP) .

Taxonomic notes.

Dasmeusa pauperata can be readily distinguished from the remaining known species of the genus by the aedeagus with a large ventral lobe and a dorsoapical digitiform projection (Fig. 8F). The shape of paraphyses, with strongly divergent arms, is also unique (Fig. 8G-I).

As mentioned above, Dasmeusa flavescens Metcalf, 1955 was proposed as a new name for Tettigonia lurida Signoret, 1853, which was preoccupied by T. lurida Germar, 1821. Young’s (1977) confirmation of Metcalf’s (1955) generic assignment was based on a study of the female lectotype of T. lurida (Fig. 10A-F), which is deposited in the Naturhistorisches Museum Wien. Young (1977) also suggested that D. flavescens, which was originally described from Brazil (Young 1977; Zanol and de Menezes 1982; McKamey 2007) and subsequently recorded from Suriname (Wilson et al. 2009), could be a junior synonym of D. pauperata (Fabricius, 1803). We have been able to study photographs of the T. lurida lectotype (Fig. 10A-F) and a female specimen from Pará State ( “Belém \ Pará - Brazil \ IX.1964 \ E. Dente" [MZSP]). In agreement with Young’s (1977) suggestion, it appears to us that D. flavescens is actually a junior synonym of D. pauperata .

Young (1977: 1105) treated Erythrogonia bicolor Metcalf, 1949 as incertae sedis because he did not find specimens that could be associated with this name. We have examined a photograph of the male holotype (body in dorsal view) of E. bicolor, from Guyana, which is deposited at the entomological collection of the North Carolina State University, Raleigh (Fig. 11A). The external form and coloration, as well as the illustrations of the male terminalia provided by Metcalf (1949), suggest that this species is also a junior synonym of D. pauperata .