Balaustium medicagoense Meyer & Ryke
Balaustium medicagoense Meyer & Ryke, 1959b: 310 .
Balaustium medicagoense: Agriculture WA, 2000: 1; Halliday, 2000a: 8; Halliday, 2001a: 327. Balaustium cf. murorum: Southcott, 1976: 145; 1978: 18.
Balaustium murorum: James, 1995: 58; James et al., 1995: 648.
Specimens examined: Site 945, 101 females, 7 N, 5 LV; Site 947, 1 female; Site 995, 3 males, 3 LV; Site 9919, 10 females, 1 N; Site 9925, 1 female; Site 9928, 2 females;Site 9929, 1 N; Site 20001, 5 females; Site 200019, 3 females; Site 200020, 26 females; Site 200021, 5 females, 1 male; Site 200023, 1 female; Site 200024, 3 females; Site 200025, 1 female.
Balaustium medicagoense was described from South Africa but also occurs in Australia (Halliday, 2001a). It has been regarded as a beneficial predator in southern Australia (James, 1995; James et al., 1995, as B. murorum), but it can also be a significant pest of cereal crops (Agriculture WA, 2000). It appears to have been introduced into Australia from South Africa. Australian specimens previously identified as B. murorum (Southcott, 1976, 1978; James, 1995; James et al., 1995) belong to this species.
The sex ratio in the available collections is heavily biased towards females (159 females: 4 males). The significance of this observation is not clear, but further research on its biology may show that it is usually thelytokous.