Diagnosis of the species in the garrulus group

The three species of the garrulus species group can be separated by the combinations of characters provided in Tables 3 and 4. Dathe (2000) proposed as diagnostic characters in females the sculpture of the propodeum, the length of the face, the facial fovea, and, in males, the shape of the S8 and gonoforceps. Despite examining a larger material in this study, no differences were found in the sculpture of the propodeum nor in the shape of the S8. In fact, none of the H. teruelus specimens we examined exhibited a median process as large as the one depicted in the figure 29 of Dathe (2000). It should be noted that the drawings of the terminalia of H. garrulus and H. teruelus in Dathe (2000) were switched–Figures 28-29 corresponding to H. teruelus and not H. garrulus . All species of the group may exhibit a S8 tip that ranges from pointed to slightly dilated. The length of the clypeus and malar area, although not clearly described in Dathe (2000), appears to differ between the three species. However, these traits are difficult to use for identification without precise measurements, particularly since H. woodi exhibits intermediate proportions. The most distinctive and useful character to identify the species are the facial foveae in females, and in males, the mesosternal structures, the elevation of S3, and the genital capsule.