Lithobius (Monotarsobius) holstii Pocock, 1895

Figs 15–18, 20–27, Map 2.

Lithobius holstii Pocock, 1895, 349.

Monotarsobius crassipes holstii: Attems, 1909, 19.

Monotarsobius takakuwai Verhoeff, 1937, 188, 193.

Monotarsobius crassipes holstii: Takakuwa, 1941, 292, fig.1.

Monotarsobius crassipes holstii: Wang, 1959, 198.

Lithobius holstii: Eason, 1973, 75–77, Figs 52–54 (♀).

Monotarsobius takakuwai: Zalesskaja, 1978, 184.

Lithobius (Monotarsobius) holstii: Eason, 1996, 121, Figs 12– 13 (♀).

Lithobius (Monotarsobius) holstii: Ma et al, 2014b, 336, 345.

MATERIAL. 5 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀ (PSU), Sakhalin Region, Kunashir Island, Kurilskiy Nature Reserve, 44°05′N, 145°59′E, Alekhinskiy Cordon, mixed forest, slope with Alnus, 3–4.VII & 2–6.VIII.1970 ; 9 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀ (ZMMU), same locality, Tret’yakovo Village, forest & hot spring, litter, 25–29.VII.1970 ; 6 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀ (ZMMU), same locality, Lake Goryacheye, forest litter, 8.VIII.1970 , all leg. A.L. Tikhomirova.

DIAGNOSIS. Body length 9–13 mm, uniformly yellow in alcohol, antennae composed 19–21 articles, commonly 20+20; 5–6 ocelli on each side, commonly 6, arranged in two rows; Tömösváry’s organ larger than adjoining ocelli; 2+2 coxosternal teeth; porodonts longer than adjoining tooth; number of coxal pores varying from 3 to 6, generally 4; ♀ gonopods with 2+2 spurs; 1 st gonopodal segment with a group of short setiform spines on internal face, but without dorsolateral spines; 2 nd segment with 6–8 long and stout dorsolateral spines; terminal claw bidentate (tridentate in young ♀♀); leg 15 without modifications, but with an accessory spine in both sexes.

DESCRIPTION. See Zalesskaja [1978] and Eason [1996].

REMARKS. The species was sufficiently completely redescribed by Eason [1996], also based on samples from the Kuriles, but some new features of gonopodal structure have become found in females. In particular, an important diagnostic feature that was noted neither in the original description [Pocock, 1895] nor in the redescription [Eason, 1996] is that the 1 st gonopodal segment on the inner surface bears a group of short, well distinguishable spines (sometimes the spines are not the same in size, some of them resembling short setae) (Fig. 16). In addition, the dorsal armament of the ♀ gonopod shows the following distinctive features: 1 st segment without spines, 2 nd one with a group of sharp and powerful, often twinned, rather long spines, their number varying, but always greater than 6; 3 rd segment with 2–3 same spines (Figs 15, 18). All specimens examined have a uniformly yellow coloration (Fig. 21, 26–27), legs 15 are densely setose in both sexes (Figs 21, 23).

DISTRIBUTION (Map 2). The species appears to be distributed along the eastern coast of Asia: from Singapore in the south to Kunashir Island in the north. Ashinoju, Japan (35°14′N, 139°06′E) (type locality) [Pocock, 1895]; Mount Fuji, Japan (35°21′N, 138°44′E) [Attems, 1909]; Puli, Taiwan (23°58′N 120°58′E) and Taipei, Taiwan (25°02′N, 121°32′E) [Takakuwa, 1941]; Kunashir Island, Kurile Islands, Russia: Yuzhno-Kurilsk (44°02′N, 145°51′E), Mendeleev Volcano (43°58′N, 145°44′E), Lake Aliger (44°2′N, 145°44′E) and Shikotan Island, Kuriles (43°48′N, 146°45′E) [Eason, 1996]; Nantou, Taiwan (23°55′N, 120°41′E) [Wang, 1959]; Shengsi City, Zhejiang Province, China (30°43′N 122°27′E) and Republic of Singapore (1°21′N, 103°51′E) [Chamberlin, Wang, 1952]; Kunashir Island, Kurilskiy Nature Reserve, Russia (44°05′N, 145°59′E) (our data).

ACKNOWLEGMENTS. The author wishes to thank S.I. Golovatch (Moscow, Russia) for kindly editing the English of an advanced draft. Special gratitude goes to S.L. Esyunin (Perm, Russia) for his constant guidance, encouragement and support, as well as to Ark.A. Schileyko (Moscow, Russia) and L.A. Trilikauskas (Novosibirsk, Russia) for the provision of material for study.