4. Rhaphiolepis bibas (Lour.) Galasso & Banfi, Ital. Botanist 9: 66. 2020.

≡ Crataegus bibas Lour., Fl. Cochinch. 1: 319. 1790. Type: Plukenet, L. 1705. Amaltheum botanicum pag. 26. tab. 371. fig. 2. (lectotype, designated here). [Note D]

≡ Pyrus bibas (Lour.) M.F.Fay & Christenh., Global Fl. 4: 98. 2018. Type: Based on Crataegus bibas .

= Mespilus japonica Thunb., Fl. Jap. (Thunberg) 206. 1784. Type: Japan. Thunberg s.n. (holotype: UPS-THUNB accession no. 11908).

≡ Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl., Trans. Linn. Soc. London 13: 102. 1821. Type: Based on Mespilus japonica .

≡ Photinia japonica (Thunb.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Asch. & Schweinf., Mém . Inst. Égypt . [Illustr. Fl. Egypt.]. Type: Based on Mespilus japonica .

≡ Rhaphiolepis loquata B.B.Liu & J.Wen, Front. Plant Sci. 10-1731: 11. 2020. nom. illeg. Type: Based on Mespilus japonica .

Distribution.

Native in Chongqing (Nanchuan) and Hubei (Yichang) of China. As an economically important fruit, this species has been widely cultivated in central & south China, as well as in Japan, Korea, India, and some countries in Southeast Asia.

Note D.

Loureiro (1790) described Crataegus bibas Lour. in his "Flora Cochinchinensis" and cited one illustration (Fig. 1) published in Plukenet’s book " Amaltheum botanicum " in the protologue. This is because Loureiro had his collections of specimens that may contain (or may have contained) specimens of this species. This illustration is thus designated as the lectotype of C. bibas herein.