New taxa of butterflies supported by genomic analysis Author Zhang, Jing Author Cong, Qian Author Shen, Jinhui Author Song, Leina grishin@chop.swmed.edu Author Grishin, Nick V. text The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 2024 2024-11-04 12 3 1 63 journal article 2643-4806 Alyco Grishin, new genus http://zoobank.org/ 25B2623E-097A-45C7-8D2D-90D0DB7A9D0E Type species. Styriodes quota Evans, 1955 . Definition. Genomic phylogeny of Moncina A. Warren, 2008 reveals that a female from Guyana we identified as Styriodes quota Evans, 1955 ( type locality in Guyana ) ( Fig. 61 , genitalia in Fig. 62) is in a different clade from Styriodes Schaus, 1913 ( type species Styriodes lyco Schaus, 1913 ), currently a subgenus of Mnasicles Godman, 1901 ( type species Mnasicles geta Godman, 1901 ), and originates in deep radiation among genera such as Eprius Godman, 1901 ( type species Epeus veleda Godman, 1901 ), Lychnuchus Hübner, [1829] ( type species Lychnuchus olenus Hübner, [1829] , which is a junior subjective synonym of Hesperia celsus Fabricius, 1793 ), and Mit Grishin , 2022 ( type species Mnasitheus badius Bell, 1930 ), while not being particularly close to any of them ( Fig. 60 ) and in a different clade from Mnasicles (see Fig. 6 in Zhang et al. ( 2023g )). Therefore, the lineage with S. quota represents a new genus. This genus differs from its relatives by a combination of the following characters: males with a short rhomboidal brand of two segments, separated by the vein CuA 2 ; aedeagus with two long (slightly shorter than uncus) and arched symmetrical terminal processes; uncus is undivided, triangular in dorsal view and rather straight and narrow in lateral view; valva is elongated and rounded, with a Γ-shaped process directed dorsad (bending posteriad) from the middle of its ventral margin. In DNA, a combination of the following characters is diagnostic in the nuclear genome: aly10672.9.2:G159A, aly 1456.2.1 :C129T, aly525.128.1:C631A, aly824.26.7:C69T, aly887.25.3:T111C, aly1656.17.1:T189T (not C), aly240.31.3:G63G (not C), aly451.7.7:C47C (not G), aly50.27.3:C79C (not T), aly208.49.1:C148C (not A), and COI barcode: 79C, T202G, T232C, A328T, A415T, T457C. Fig. 60. Phylogenetic trees of Alyco gen. n. relatives constructed from protein-coding regions in a) the Z chromosome and b) the mitochondrial genome: Eprius (blue), Alyco gen. n. (magenta), Lychnuchus (green), and Mit (purple). Fig. 61. Alyco quota comb. nov. ♀ NVG-8044 USNMENT 00177809 from Guyana: Cuyuni-Mazaruni Region, Cuyuni River, Kamaria Falls, 100', approx. GPS 6.40, −58.77, 30-Nov-5-Dec-2000, S. Fratello et al. leg. [USNM] in dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views. The inset displays a magnified postdiscal portion of the right hindwing ventral side, showing traces of three pale spots composed of a few scales (just three scales in one). Barcode sequence of the type species. Sample NVG-8044, GenBank PQ489718, 658 base pairs: AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGTATTTGAGCAGGAATACTAGGAACTTCTTTAAGTTTA CTAATTCGAACAGAATTAGGCAATCCTGGTTCTTTAATTGGAGATGATCAAATTTATA ATACTATTGTAACAGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCTATTAT AATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGATTAGTGCCTTTAATATTAGGAGCCCCAGATATAGCC TTTCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGAATATTACCCCCCTCACTATTATTACTAA TTTCAAGAAGAATTGTTGAAAATGGTGCAGGAACTGGTTGAACTGTTTATCCCCCTTT ATCTTCTAATATTGCTCATCAAGGTTCATCAGTTGACTTAGCAATCTTTTCTTTACAT TTAGCTGGTATTTCCTCTATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTCATTACTACAATCATTAATA TACGAATCAAAAACATATCATTTGATCAAATACCCTTATTTGTTTGATCAGTAGGAAT TACAGCTTTATTATTATTATTATCTTTACCTGTATTAGCAGGAGCTATTACAATACTT CTCACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCTTTTTTTGATCCTGCCGGAGGAGGAGATCCTA TTTTATATCAACATTTATTT Etymology. The name stems from a misidentification we spotted in the USNM collection: a specimen of the type species was identified as Fig. 62. Genitalia of Alyco quota comb. nov. ♀ NVG-8044, “ Styriodes lyco ”. Negating a- was added to lyco to vial NVG170208-29, data in Fig. 61 legend: a) ventral and b) form the genus name, which is treated as a right ventrolateral views of sterigma (scale below), c) feminine noun in the nominative singular. complete genitalia in ventral view (scale on the right). Parent taxon. Subtribe Moncina A. Warren, 2008 . Comment. As far as we know, females of Alyco quota comb. nov. have not been reported. We take this opportunity to illustrate the female genitalia of this rarely encountered species (Fig. 62). An unusual feature of the female genitalia is lamella antevaginalis, which is ventrally expanded into a structure resembling an octopus sucker on a tentacle.