Taxonomic study of species related to Anomala flavonotata Arrow, 1912, A. flavofasciata Arrow, 1912, and A. flavovaria Arrow, 1917 from the Himalaya and adjacent regions (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) Author Zhao, Ming-Zhi 0000-0002-3158-6177 zhaomzhai@gmail.com Author Fujioka, Masayuki Hamadayama 3 - 1 - 7, Suginami-ku, Tokyo 168 - 0065, Japan. Author Zorn, Carsten Rostocker Strasse 1 a, 17179 Gnoien, Germany. text Zootaxa 2025 2025-09-18 5693 3 301 356 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5693.3.1 journal article 312763 10.11646/zootaxa.5693.3.1 67e5d39a-1b2c-45ea-b235-cfb1ccf61487 1175-5326 17324012 3F45C3AC-27B2-4423-A260-E6586E0E27BA Anomala flaviventris Arrow, 1912 [Chinese vernacular name: ƀa异丽aek ] ( Figs 9C–D , 12E , 13A, 13C , 24A–D , 25C, 25E, 25K–N ) Anomala flaviventris Arrow, 1912: 74 [original type locality: “ Sikkim : Kurseong, 5000 ft. ”, “N. Bengal: Siliguri”]; Arrow 1917: 210 , fig. 51, pl. III, figs 16–17; Lin 1981: 358 , fig. 8; Sabatinelli 1991: 401 ; Zorn & Bezděk 2016: 333 . Type material examined ( 1♂ , 2♀♀ ). Lectotype (hereby designated): 1♂ ( NHMUK ) “Type // Figured for “Fauna of India .” // Kurseong, Sikkim R. P. Verschraeghen. 1911-218. // Kurseong Inde Verschraeghen 1904 // Anomala flaviventris , Arrow Type” . Paralectotypes : 2♀♀ ( NHMUK ) “IND. MUS. 3091 16 // 1913-345 // Kurseong alt. 5000 ft E. Himalayas Lynch , c. // NHMUK015015929–30” . Additional material examined ( 88♂♂ , 54♀♀ ). 1♂ , 1♀ ( NHMUK ) “ Gopaldhara , Darjeeling. 1914.–414. // NHMUK015015931, NHMUK015015945” ; 1♂ ( NHMUK ) “ Gopaldhara , Darjeeling. 1914.–414. // Gopaldhara, Br. Sikkim. W.K.Webb // NHMUK015015932” ; 1♂ ( NHMUK ) “Figured for “ Fauna of India .” // Gopaldhara, Rungbong Vall., Sikkim . H.Stevens. 1916–218 // NHMUK015015933” ; 5♂♂ , 2♀♀ ( NHMUK ) “ Gopaldhara , Rungbong Vall. , Sikkim . H.Stevens. 1916–218 // NHMUK015015935–37, NHMUK015015941–44” ; 1♂ ( NHMUK ) “ Gopaldhara , Br. Sikkim . W.K.Webb // Andrewes Bequest. B.M. 1922-221 // Anomala flaviventris Arr. // NHMUK015015938” ; 1♀ ( NHMUK ) “ Gopaldhara 1911 // Andrewes Bequest. B.M. 1922-221 // NHMUK015015940” ; 3♂♂ ( NHMUK ) “ Gopaldhara , Rungbong Vall., Sikkim H. Stevens ” ; 3♀♀ ( NHMUK ) “ Sikkim Gopaldhara, Rungbong Vall. H. Stevens 1922-307” ; 1♀ ( MNHN ) “ Gopaldhara , Br. Sikkim . W. K. Webb // Anomala flaviventris Arrow // MUSÉUM PARIS 1952 COLL. R. OBERTHÜR” ; 1♂ , 3♀♀ ( MNHN ) “ Himalaya Kurseong 13.6. India // Anomala flaviventris arr. Det. Tesař ” ; 1♂ ( NMBF ) “ Himalaya Kurseong 7.6. India // flaviventris Arrow ” ; 1♀ ( NMBF ) “ Himalaya Kurseong 13.6. India ” ; 2♂♂ , 2♀♀ ( MNHN ) “ Darjeeling Inde britan. Coll. J. Clermont // MUSÉUM PARIS 1944 Coll. E. BENDERITTER” ; 1♀ ( MNHN ) “ Inde // MUSÉUM PARIS 1930 Coll. SICARD // anomala sp.” ; 1♀ ( MNHN ) “ Sikkim // MUSÉUM PARIS 1930 Coll. SICARD” ; 3♂♂ , 2♀♀ ( ZMPC ) “ NEPAL : N of Kathamandu , W-Shivapuri Nagarjun N. P. 1670 m 2025.VII.5-6 light trap ” ; 1♂ ( NHMB ) “C. NEPAL 1992 GODAVARI 11.vi. 1500 -1700 m Leg. Jiří Moravec ” ; 1♂ , 1♀ ( NHMUK ) “ NEPAL , 5800' Kathmandu Dist. Godawari, at light 5/vi/1983 // M.J.D.Brendell. BMNH {E} 1983-222.” ; 1♂ ( NHMUK ) “ NEPAL : 1500m Kathmandu Secondary veg. 15 June [19]84 Lt. Col. M.G. Allen // BMNH {E} 1983- 254 M. G.Allen ” ; 1♂ ( NHMB ) “ Sheopuri 27.6. N Kathmandu 2400- 2500m // O Nepal 1980 W. Wittmer // Anomala flaviventris Arr. det. Sabatinelli 1981” ; 4♂♂ ( GSPC ) “ NEPAL , Kathmandu val., Mulkharka , 20.5.91 1600m leg. Sabatinelli ” ; 2♂♂ ( ZMPC ) “ NEPAL , Kathmandu val., Mulkharka , 20.5.91 1600m leg. Sabatinelli ” ; 1♂ , 4♀♀ ( NHMUK ) “ NEPAL : 6800', Kathmandu Distr. , Kakani , 1–2.vi.1983 // At light // M.J.D.Brendell. BMNH {E} 1983-222.” ; 1♂ , 1♀ ( ZMPC ) “ NEPAL : 6800', Kathmandu Distr. , Kakani , 1–2.vi.1983 // At light // M.J.D.Brendell. BMNH {E} 1983-222.” ; 1♀ ( NHMUK ) “ NEPAL : 6800’, Kathmandu Dist. , Kakani , // 15.vii.1984 // Lt. Col. M. G. Allen Brit. Mus. 1983-254” ; 3♂♂ , 1♀ ( NHMUK ) “ NEPAL , 6800’ Kathmandu Dist. Kakani 15/vi/1983 Malaise Trap // M. J. D. Brendell BMNH {E} 1983-222” ; 2♂♂ , 2♀♀ ( NHMUK ) “ NEPAL , Kakani 2070m , 3/vii/1983 Pine & Oak Forest Coll, M G Allen // BMNH {E} 1983- 254 M. G. Allen ” ; 2♂♂ , 3♀♀ ( ZMPC ) “ NEPAL : Bagmati zone , Lalitpur dist. , Bhardev Village , 1850 m , at light 2025.VI.29 ” ; 3♂♂ ( GSPC ) “ NEPAL , Helambu Pati Bhanijang , 19.5.[19]91 1750m leg. Sabatinelli ” ; 3♂♂ ( ZMPC ) “ NEPAL , Helambu Pati Bhanijang , 19.5.[19]91 1750m leg. Sabatinelli ” ; 10♂♂ , 5♀♀ ( NHMB ) “ Nuwakot Pati Bhanjyang 1900m 16- 18.VI.89 // C-Nepal Bagmati C. Holzschuh ” ; 1♂ ( NHMB ) “Nuwakot Gul Bh.- Pati Bhanjyang 2300- 1900m 16.VI.89 // Nepal Bagmati M. Brancucci ” ; 1♀ ( NHMB ) “ Dapkakharka-Manegero 2100-2500m 12.VI. 89 M. Brancucci // Nepal Bagmati Sindhupalchok” ; 1♂ ( NHMB ) “ Tadzhiskistan Ramit Schutzgebiet // 4-5.V.90 1250m W. Wittmer ” ; 7♂♂ , 2♀♀ ( NHMB ) “ Nagarkot 8.VI.1990 // Nepal G. Sabatinelli ” ; 4♂♂ , 2♀♀ ( GSPC ) “ NEPAL , Bagmati distr. Nagarkot , 1800 m 3.6.90 leg. Sabatinelli ” ; 1♂ , 1♀ ( CZPC ) “ Nepal nr. Nagarcot 2000m VII.95 O. Ammosov leg.” ; 5♂♂ ( NHMB ) , 1♂ ( GSPC ) “ Manigow 10.VI. 1200 -1900 m // Nepal 1978 Bhakta B, Ch. // Anomala flaviventris Arr. det. Sabatinelli 1981” ; 1♂ ( NMBF ) “ Nepal Prov. Nr. 3 East Jubing 1600m 9.V.1964 leg. v. Dierl // Anomala flaviventris Arr. det. G. Frey , 1973” ; 4♂♂ , 3♀♀ ( CCPC ) “ CHINA , Xizang ( Tibet ), Jilongxian , Xinjiangcun , 1785m , 2019, VI-25 , Leg. X.-D. YANG CCCC” ; 3♂♂ , 2♀♀ ( ZMPC ) “ CHINA , Xizang ( Tibet ), Jilongxian , Xinjiangcun , 1785m , 2019, VI-25 , Leg. X.-D. YANG CCCC” ; 1♂ ( ZMPC ) “ China : Tibet , Shigatse , Nyalam co. [ Nielamu ], Zhangmu Town , 1970 m 27.971656°N , 85.966972°E , light trap , 2023.VII.1 Zu-Qi Mai leg.” ; 3♂♂ , 3♀♀ ( ZMPC ) “ China : Tibet , Shigatse , Gyirong co. [ Jilong ], Gyirong Town (port), 1879 m 28.289865°N , 85.347493°E , light trap , 2023.VII.5 Zu-Qi Mai leg.” ; 3♂♂ , 4♀♀ ( ZMPC ) “ China : Tibet , Shigatse , Gyirong co. , Gyirong Town (port), 1879 m 28.289865°N , 85.347493°E , light trap , 2023.VII.7-8 Zu-Qi Mai leg.” Literature record. Siliguri ( Arrow 1912 ). Description. Male. Body shape elongated ovoid, somewhat subparallel, moderately convex. Color. Generally yellowish brown, clypeus, disc of pronotum except for a narrow to broad lateral area, elytra, small central area of metasternum, anterior part of pygidium (varying from a narrow line to the whole two thirds), abdominal ventrites (in posterior half), metatibia and all tarsomeres dark brown; frons and vertex blackish brown; dull, with weak greenish sheen; elytra usually distinctly lighter than pronotum, with a yellow, narrow to very broad and oblique band extending from primary costa 4 to 1, sometimes only area behind the band dark; antennae yellowish or reddish brown; setae yellowish brown, robust setae reddish brown. Head. Greatest width/length of clypeus approximately 2.1; subtrapezoidal, lateral margins weakly convergent anteriad, anterior margin slightly convex, anterior corners obsolete and rounded; anterior margin weakly reflexed; surface with dense, large and coarse punctures. Frontoclypeal suture slightly incurved, distinct. An inverted triangular area on anterior half of frons punctate as clypeus, other portions with very dense and large punctures, smaller posteriad. Interocular distance/maximum head width approximately 0.57. Antenna long, length of antennal club 1.1 times the combined length of antennomeres 1–6. Inner margin of eye with a few moderately long setae. Pronotum . Sides strongly convergent anteriad, lateral margin straight in anterior third, slightly incurved in posterior third, moderately excurved at middle.Anterior angle acute and protruding, posterior angle obtuse. Posterior marginal line broadly interrupted before scutellum, other marginal lines complete. Lateral fovea indistinct. Disc with moderately dense and large punctures. Lateral margin with several moderately long setae. Scutellum triangular, lateral margin strongly excurved; with dense and large punctures. Elytra. Surface weakly wrinkled, intervals moderately elevated, subsutural interstice widest; strial punctures dense and large, subsutural interstice with irregularly doubled secondary stria, interstices II and III each with a secondary stria, all intervals with dense punctures, which are distinctly smaller than strial ones, each bearing a minute seta. Humeral and apical protuberance moderately prominent. Lateral carina slightly expanded from base to apical two fifths. Epipleuron with a row of moderately dense and short setae from base to apical two fifths, usually partly abraded. Abdomen. Propygidium with dense, transverse and fine striation. Pygidium broad and strongly tumid, with broadly rounded apex, disc with dense, transverse and incompletely annulated punctures, gradually confluent near the greatest tumidity; with dense and long setae preapically and a transverse row of long setae along posterior margin. Abdominal ventrites 1–4 strongly carinate laterally, ventrite 4 more or less flat, without two separated protuberances medially, not particularly concave between ventrites 4, 5 and 6 in profile; ventrites 2–5 with transverse and incompletely annulated punctures, short and moderately dense medially, gradually elongated and denser laterad, frequently confluent at the lateralmost area, ventrite 6 densely rugostriolate; ventrites 2–5 each with a transverse and moderately dense row of long setae, dense laterally, the row of ventrite 6 present at posterior margin. Ventral thoracic surface. Hypomeron with sparse and small punctures, sparse and long setae. Ventral mesothoracic surface with dense and small punctures each bearing a short seta. Ventral metathoracic surface with dense, large and annulated punctures, gradually denser and confluent laterad, with dense and long setae, medial area with sparse and small punctures, setae short. Metacoxae punctate as lateral metasternum but bearing sparser setae. Very narrow at the extremity of mesosternum. Legs. Protibia bidentate, both teeth distinct and acute; apical tooth extending to middle of protarsomere 2. Inner spur inserted at the level of the preapical tooth. Inner protarsal claw and outer mesotarsal claw split apically, both lower branches equally as long as and two times wider than their upper branches; lower margin of lower branch of inner protarsal claw not convex next to the internobasal notch; outer metatarsal claw slightly longer than inner one. Protarsomeres thin, pro- and mesotarsomere 5 each with a small internomedial protuberance slightly behind middle, mesotarsomere 5 with a large and acute internomedial denticle. Ventral surface of mesofemur with a row of moderately dense and long setae at lateral margin, a row of long and slightly robust setae submedially, additional sparse and long setae between rows; ventral surface of metafemur with two rows of moderately dense and long setae, one sublateral and the other submedial; meso- and metatibiae each bearing three transverse groups of robust setae emerging from a carina, with the basal fourth featuring some randomly arranged and shorter robust setae. Male genitalia. See fig. 24A–D. Female. Elytral band broad to very broad, sometimes the whole anterior two thirds of elytra yellow; abdominal ventrites and pygidium (except for a narrow anterior line) yellowish brown, metatibia and all tarsomeres darker than in male. Lateral margin of pronotum more excurved.Antenna shorter, length of antennal club approximately 0.8 times the combined length of antennomeres 1–6. Pygidium more triangular, less tumid preapically; ultimate abdominal ventrite 2.0 times as long as that in male medially, ventrites flat in profile, without protuberance. Apical protibial tooth longer and apex rounded, extending to anterior margin of protarsomere 2; inner spur inserted at mid-length of protibia; protarsomeres thinner, internomedial protuberance of protarsomere 5 absent, that of metatarsomere slightly smaller than in male; lower branch of inner protarsal claw and outer mesotarsal claw slightly wider than upper branch. Measurement. Body length: 11.3–13.2 mm in males and 11.3–13.0 mm in females, greatest width: 6.1–7.0 mm in males and 6.0– 7.4 mm in females. Differential diagnosis. Anomala flaviventris is very similar to A. brancuccii Sabatinelli, 1991 . We found them sympatric in Godawari, Shivapuri Nagarjun, Mulkharka and Gopaldhara. The lower branches of the parameres are slightly longer than or as long as the upper branches in A. flaviventris (smaller and shorter than the upper branches in A. brancuccii ). The upper branches have nearly straight anterior margins in A. flaviventris , whereas they are convex in A. brancuccii . A more distinct external feature is the two protuberances present on abdominal ventrite 4 in male of A. brancuccii , which are absent in male of A. flaviventris . The abdominal ventrites of female A. brancuccii are also more convex in profile than in A. flaviventris . The protibia, protarsomeres and protarsal claws in male of A. brancuccii are longer, and the protarsal claws are also more curved than in males of A. flaviventris . Distribution. China ( Xizang ); India ( West Bengal , Sikkim ); Nepal .