On the identity of a U. S. intercepted Conotrachelus Dejean (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with avocado (Perseaamericana) Author Chamorro, Maria Lourdes Author Barclay, Maxwell V. L. text Biodiversity Data Journal 2018 6 26362 26362 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e26362 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e26362 1314-2828--26362 Conotrachelus lobatus Champion, 1904 Conotrachelus lobatus Champion, 1904 - Champion 1904 : 405. Lectotype here designated. [Type locality: Mexico, Ventanas in Durango; BMNH; male, female]. - O'Brien and Wibmer 1982 : 130 [annotated checklist]. - Salas-Araiza et al. 2001 : 52 [regional checklist]. Materials Type status: Lectotype . Occurrence: catalogNumber: NHMUK010801255 ; sex: male ; otherCatalogNumbers: BMNH(E)#715649; Taxon: scientificName: Conotracheluslobatus Champion, 1904; Location: country: Mexico ; stateProvince: Durango; locality: Villa Corona ; verbatimLocality: Ventanas in Durango; maximumElevationInMeters: 623.63m; locationAccordingTo: Selander and Vaurie 1962; locationRemarks: "Village on the Rio del Presidio 115 km west-southwest of the city of Durango, Durango, and 100km north-east of Mazatlan , Sinaloa; 2046 feet; 23°52', 105°47'."; decimalLatitude: 23.878621 ; decimalLongitude: -105.773658 ; georeferencedBy: ML Chamorro (USNM); georeferenceSources: Google Maps 2017; Identification: identifiedBy: George Charles Champion ; dateIdentified: 1904; Event: eventRemarks: Hoege ; Record Level: institutionID: BMNH; institutionCode: BMNH ; collectionCode: Entomology, B.C.A. Col. iv.4 ; ownerInstitutionCode: BMNH; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Paralectotype . Occurrence: catalogNumber: NHMUK010801256 ; sex: female ; Taxon: scientificName: Conotracheluslobatus Champion, 1904; Location: country: Mexico ; stateProvince: Durango; locality: Villa Corona ; verbatimLocality: Ventanas, Durango; maximumElevationInMeters: 623.63m; locationAccordingTo: Selander and Vaurie 1962; locationRemarks: "Village on the Rio del Presidio 115 km west-southwest of the city of Durango, Durango, and 100km north-east of Mazatlan , Sinaloa; 2046 feet; 23°52', 105°47'."; decimalLatitude: 23.878621 ; decimalLongitude: -105.773658 ; georeferencedBy: ML Chamorro (USNM); georeferenceSources: Google Maps 2017; Identification: identifiedBy: George Charles Champion ; dateIdentified: 1904; Event: eventRemarks: Hoege ; Record Level: institutionID: BMNH; institutionCode: BMNH ; collectionCode: Entomology, B.C.A. Col. iv.4 ; ownerInstitutionCode: BMNH; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Paralectotype . Occurrence: catalogNumber: NHMUK010801257 ; sex: female ; disposition: BMNH; Taxon: scientificName: Conotracheluslobatus Champion, 1904; Location: country: Mexico ; stateProvince: Durango; locality: Villa Corona ; verbatimLocality: Ventanas, Durango; maximumElevationInMeters: 623.63m; locationAccordingTo: Selander and Vaurie 1962; locationRemarks: "Village on the Rio del Presidio 115 km west-southwest of the city of Durango, Durango, and 100km north-east of Mazatlan , Sinaloa; 2046 feet; 23°52', 105°47'."; decimalLatitude: 23.878621 ; decimalLongitude: -105.773658 ; georeferencedBy: ML Chamorro (USNM); georeferenceSources: Google Maps 2017; Identification: identifiedBy: George Charles Champion ; dateIdentified: 1904; Event: eventRemarks: Hoege ; Record Level: institutionID: BMNH; institutionCode: BMNH ; collectionCode: Entomology, B.C.A. Col. iv.4 ; ownerInstitutionCode: BMNH; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Other material . Occurrence: catalogNumber: USNMENT01448049 ; sex: male ; disposition: dissected male; Location: higherGeography: North America; verbatimLocality: Intercepted on Carica papaya at Pharr CBP [origin not disclosed]; Event: eventDate: 2016-07-07 Type status: Other material . Occurrence: catalogNumber: USNMENT01448048 ; sex: male ; Location: country: Mexico ; stateProvince: Durango; locality: El Salto ; decimalLatitude: 23.780885 ; decimalLongitude: -105.352092 ; georeferencedBy: ML Chamorro; georeferenceProtocol: Google maps; georeferenceRemarks: Random point within El Salto; Identification: identifiedBy: ML Chamorro ; dateIdentified: 2018; Event: eventDate: 1968-07-07 ; eventRemarks: Collectors GHalffter, PReyes C; Record Level: institutionID: USNM Type status: Other material . Occurrence: catalogNumber: USNMENT01448045 ; sex: male ; Location: country: Mexico ; stateProvince: Durango; locality: El Salto ; decimalLatitude: 23.780885 ; decimalLongitude: -105.352092 ; georeferencedBy: ML Chamorro; georeferenceProtocol: Google maps; georeferenceRemarks: Random point within El Salto; Identification: identifiedBy: ML Chamorro ; dateIdentified: 2018; Event: eventDate: 1968-07-07 ; eventRemarks: Collectors GHalffter, PReyes C; Record Level: institutionID: USNM Type status: Other material . Occurrence: catalogNumber: USNMENT01448046 ; sex: male ; Location: country: Mexico ; stateProvince: Durango; locality: El Salto ; decimalLatitude: 23.780885 ; decimalLongitude: -105.352092 ; georeferencedBy: ML Chamorro; georeferenceProtocol: Google maps; georeferenceRemarks: Random point within El Salto; Identification: identifiedBy: ML Chamorro ; dateIdentified: 2018; Event: eventDate: 1968-07-07 ; eventRemarks: Collectors GHalffter, PReyes C; Record Level: institutionID: USNM Type status: Other material . Occurrence: catalogNumber: USNMENT01448121 ; sex: male ; Location: country: Mexico ; stateProvince: Durango; locality: El Salto ; decimalLatitude: 23.780885 ; decimalLongitude: -105.352092 ; georeferencedBy: ML Chamorro; georeferenceProtocol: Google maps; georeferenceRemarks: Random point within El Salto; Identification: identifiedBy: ML Chamorro ; dateIdentified: 2018; Event: eventDate: 1968-07-07 ; eventRemarks: Collectors GHalffter, PReyes C; Record Level: institutionID: USNM Type status: Other material . Occurrence: catalogNumber: USNMENT01448122 ; sex: male ; Location: country: Mexico ; stateProvince: Durango; locality: El Salto ; decimalLatitude: 23.780885 ; decimalLongitude: -105.352092 ; georeferencedBy: ML Chamorro; georeferenceProtocol: Google maps; georeferenceRemarks: Random point within El Salto; Identification: identifiedBy: ML Chamorro ; dateIdentified: 2018; Event: eventDate: 1968-07-07 ; eventRemarks: Collectors GHalffter, PReyes C; Record Level: institutionID: USNM Type status: Other material . Occurrence: catalogNumber: USNMENT01448123 ; sex: male ; Location: country: Mexico ; stateProvince: Durango; locality: El Salto ; decimalLatitude: 23.780885 ; decimalLongitude: -105.352092 ; georeferencedBy: ML Chamorro; georeferenceProtocol: Google maps; georeferenceRemarks: Random point within El Salto; Identification: identifiedBy: ML Chamorro ; dateIdentified: 2018; Event: eventDate: 1968-07-07 ; eventRemarks: Collectors GHalffter, PReyes C; Record Level: institutionID: USNM Type status: Other material . Occurrence: catalogNumber: USNMENT01448124 ; sex: male ; Location: country: Mexico ; stateProvince: Durango; locality: El Salto ; decimalLatitude: 23.780885 ; decimalLongitude: -105.352092 ; georeferencedBy: ML Chamorro; georeferenceProtocol: Google maps; georeferenceRemarks: Random point within El Salto; Identification: identifiedBy: ML Chamorro ; dateIdentified: 2018; Event: eventDate: 1968-07-07 ; eventRemarks: Collectors GHalffter, PReyes C; Record Level: institutionID: USNM Type status: Other material . Occurrence: catalogNumber: USNMENT01448125 ; sex: male ; Location: country: Mexico ; stateProvince: Durango; locality: El Salto ; decimalLatitude: 23.780885 ; decimalLongitude: -105.352092 ; georeferencedBy: ML Chamorro; georeferenceProtocol: Google maps; georeferenceRemarks: Random point within El Salto; Identification: identifiedBy: ML Chamorro ; dateIdentified: 2018; Event: eventDate: 1968-07-07 ; eventRemarks: Collectors GHalffter, PReyes C; Record Level: institutionID: USNM Type status: Other material . Occurrence: catalogNumber: USNMENT01448126 ; sex: male ; Location: country: Mexico ; stateProvince: Durango; locality: El Salto ; decimalLatitude: 23.780885 ; decimalLongitude: -105.352092 ; georeferencedBy: ML Chamorro; georeferenceProtocol: Google maps; georeferenceRemarks: Random point within El Salto; Identification: identifiedBy: ML Chamorro ; dateIdentified: 2018; Event: eventDate: 1968-07-07 ; eventRemarks: Collectors GHalffter, PReyes C; Record Level: institutionID: USNM Type status: Other material . Occurrence: catalogNumber: USNMENT01448120 ; sex: Male ; Location: country: Mexico ; stateProvince: Jalisco; locality: La Barca ; decimalLatitude: 20.285789 ; decimalLongitude: -102.533097 ; georeferencedBy: ML Chamorro; georeferenceProtocol: Google Maps; georeferenceRemarks: Random locality with La Barca; Identification: identifiedBy: ML Chamorro ; dateIdentified: 2018; Event: eventDate: 1969-07-14 ; eventRemarks: Collector PReyesCastillo Type status: Other material . Occurrence: catalogNumber: USNMENT01448119 ; sex: Male ; Location: country: Mexico ; stateProvince: Jalisco; locality: La Barca ; decimalLatitude: 20.285789 ; decimalLongitude: -102.533097 ; georeferencedBy: ML Chamorro; georeferenceProtocol: Google Maps; georeferenceRemarks: Random locality with La Barca; Identification: identifiedBy: ML Chamorro ; dateIdentified: 2018; Event: eventDate: 1969-07-14 ; eventRemarks: Collector PReyesCastillo Type status: Other material . Occurrence: catalogNumber: USNMENT01448118 ; sex: Male ; Location: country: Mexico ; stateProvince: Michoacan; locality: Periban ; decimalLatitude: 19.546127 ; decimalLongitude: -102.452905 ; georeferencedBy: ML Chamorro; georeferenceRemarks: Random point in Periba; Event: eventDate: 1973-07 ; eventRemarks: Avocado Pest Survey; Jarred from tree; Burgess Brownsville, TX Type status: Other material . Occurrence: catalogNumber: USNMENT01448117 ; sex: Male ; Location: country: Mexico ; stateProvince: Michoacan; locality: Periban ; decimalLatitude: 19.546127 ; decimalLongitude: -102.452905 ; georeferencedBy: ML Chamorro; georeferenceRemarks: Random point in Periba; Event: eventDate: 1973-07 ; eventRemarks: Avocado Pest Survey; Jarred from tree; Burgess Brownsville, TX Type status: Other material . Occurrence: catalogNumber: USNMENT01448116 ; sex: Male ; Location: country: Mexico ; stateProvince: Michoacan; locality: Tingueindin [Tinquindin] ; decimalLatitude: 19.733999 ; decimalLongitude: -102.486135 ; georeferencedBy: ML Chamorro; georeferenceRemarks: Random point in Tingueindin ; Event: eventDate: 1973-07 ; eventRemarks: Avocado Pest Survey; Jarred from tree; Burgess Brownsville, TX Type status: Other material . Occurrence: catalogNumber: USNMENT01448115 ; sex: Male ; Location: country: Mexico ; stateProvince: Michoacan; locality: Tingueindin [Tinquindin] ; decimalLatitude: 19.733999 ; decimalLongitude: -102.486135 ; georeferencedBy: ML Chamorro; georeferenceRemarks: Random point in Tingueindin ; Event: eventDate: 1973-07 ; eventRemarks: Avocado Pest Survey; Jarred from tree; Burgess Brownsville, TX Type status: Other material . Occurrence: catalogNumber: USNMENT01448114 ; sex: Male ; establishmentMeans: "Spm. from Michoacan, Jicalan, 3 mi. s. Uruapan (Gibson) was reared from acorns Quercusobtusata" DR Whitehead; Location: country: Mexico ; stateProvince: Michoacan; locality: Uruapan ; locationRemarks: Based on the a by D. Whitehead in the collection, this location is presumed to be in Jicalan, 3mi s. Uruapan.; decimalLatitude: 19.390149 ; decimalLongitude: -102.070682 ; georeferencedBy: ML Chamorro; georeferenceSources: Google Maps; Event: eventDate: 1973-09 ; eventRemarks: Avocado Pest Survey, Jarred from tree, Burgess, Brownsville, TX Type status: Other material . Occurrence: catalogNumber: USNMENT01448113 ; sex: Male ; Location: country: Mexico ; stateProvince: Nayarit; locality: Tepic ; decimalLatitude: 21.486916 ; decimalLongitude: -104.829700 ; georeferencedBy: ML Chamorro; georeferenceSources: Google Maps; georeferenceRemarks: Random location within Tepic chosen for georeference; Event: samplingProtocol: light ; eventDate: 1955-07-20 ; eventRemarks: Collected by RB & JM Selander; JMKingsolcer Collection 196 Type status: Other material . Occurrence: catalogNumber: USNMENT01173425 ; Location: locationRemarks: Intercepted at Laredo, TX by CBP-APHIS/PPQ from cargo originating south of the border; Event: samplingProtocol: Inspection of cargo ; eventDate: 2016-07-05 ; Record Level: informationWithheld: Origin withheld Type status: Other material . Occurrence: catalogNumber: USNMENT01448049 ; occurrenceRemarks: Ex. Carica papaya; sex: Male ; previousIdentifications: Conotrachelus nr posticatus; Location: locality: Intercepted by Pharr CBP-APHIS/PPQ on cargo ; Event: samplingProtocol: Insepction of cargo. ; eventDate: 2016-07-07 ; Record Level: informationWithheld: Origin withheld Diagnosis Conotrachelus lobatus (Figs 3, 4, 5, 6, 7b) belongs to Conotrachelus Group II ( Schoof 1942 ). This group of eight species was characterised by Schoof (1942: 95) based on "the presence of one femoral tooth, but a second feeble tooth (denticle) is usually present in [C.] cribicollis (Say); relative length of first and second funicular segments of antennae variable; prothorax wider than long, longitudinally carinate or not carinate; mesoscutellum from lateral aspect abruptly declivent basally; elytral intervals 3, 5, 7, 9 acutely costate, feebly convex or flattened; costae, when present, usually complete, intervals never with abrupt elytral elevations; vestiture of recumbent setae, scales or scale-like setae; suberect to erect setae usually present on elytral intervals and sometimes in prothoracic punctures; recumbent setae not condensed in a broad postmedian band; metasternum in males never grooved from meso-to metacoxa; male sometimes with dentiform metaunci; aedeagus with a dorsal membrane (except in [C.] crataegi Walsh), frequently with an apical process and with the transfer apparatus a complex of sclerotised bars.". Of the species from North America north of Mexico, Conotrachelus lobatus is most similar to C. posticatus Boheman, C. carinifer Casey and C. naso LeConte. These species all have a longitudinal median prothoracic carina (Figs 3b, 4b, 11b); mesosternum with anterolateral angles truncate and prominent. Conotrachelus naso , however, can easily be distinguished from other members of this group by the absence of a profemoral tooth (e.g. presence: Figs 3e, 4b). Size 5.5 mm. Conotrachelus carinifer is distinguished by the presence on the pronotum of cavernous, punctations with raised, thin edges (Fig. 11). Conotrachelus lobatus resembles C. posticatus in the presence of white to fulvous setae concentrated in a few scattered patches, but mainly in a narrow, posteriorly curved, postmedian elytral band (on the declivity) (Figs 3b, 4b, 7). Male Conotrachelus lobatus , which have elongate fulvous setae ventrally on the fore femur and insertion of antennae subapically on the rostrum (Fig. 3a, c, d), can immediately be distinguished from other male Conotrachelus here treated, by the presence of a well-developed, spatulate metauncus at the distal apex of the hind tibia (Fig. 3e). Conotrachelus lobatus females do not posses a spatulate metauncus, instead females have the typical apically narrowing uncus (Figs 4a, b, 7b). Conotrachelus scoparius , instead of a spatulate metauncus, has a fulvous aggregation of elongate setae apically on the hind tibia. Male C. posticatus have a dentiform metauncus and are readily distinguished from other Conotrachelus species by having the first and second elytral intervals (interstices) costate anterior to the apical declivity (Fig. 9a, b). On the other hand, female C. posticatus have the first interval costate, yet usually less prominent than in the male, (Figs 7a, 10b). Sexual dimorphism is minimal in C. lobatus compared to C. posticatus . As in the majority of Conotrachelus , the rostrum in the female is longer, the antennae are located more proximad and the sternum is not concave. Conotrachelus females are more challenging than the males to distinguish. Distribution Mexico