Half of the Diversity Undescribed: Integrative Taxonomy Reveals 32 New Species and a High Cryptic Diversity in the Scopariinae and Crambinae of the Philippines (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Author Léger, Théo Museum fuer Naturkunde Berlin, Leibniz-Institut fuer Evolutions- und Biodiversitaetsforschung text Bulletin of the Society of Systematic Biologists 2024 2024-10-16 3 2 1 93 https://doi.org/10.18061/bssb.v3i2.9527 journal article 308931 10.18061/bssb.v3i2.9527 a9b69165-8372-4ac9-a3e6-f17ac018b0fa 15116964 Scoparia aenea Léger , sp. n. https://zoobank.org/ B682EF2F-0FA7-4E09-A783-CEA7C77D5CC8 Figs. 14, 71, 129. MATERIAL Holotype : ♀ (specimen identifier coll.mfn-berlin.de_u_b5fc86, DNA voucher MFNLEP-PYRALPHIL01-B03 , TL937♀; BOLD sample ID PYPHI009-21). PHILIPPINES : Luzon , Benguet , Mount Tabayoc , 2300 m, 24/ 11/1997 ( K. Ebert , W. Mey , M. Nuss ). Deposited in MfN . Paratype : 8 ♂ (specimen identifiers MfN: coll.mfn-berlin.de_u_b91b52, 769e53, 258b3c, cff08d, 6df9fc, 9fe285, cca059; PNM: id.bioseasia.org_u_02358b), 12 ♀ (specimen identifiers MfN: coll.mfn-berlin.de_u_db426, dabc97, 3bdf36, d35462, 4d7c43, b119ca, b8a016, f77651, 4d13e4, d455c5; PNM: id.bioseasia.org_u_02357c, 023579) (detailed information in Table S1; https://doi.org/10.5061/ dryad.b8gtht7mh) . SIMILAR SPECIES Scoparia ifugaoensis sp. n. DIAGNOSIS The conspicuous copper-colored subterminal area of the forewing (Fig. 14) separates Scoparia aenea sp. n. from congeneric species. Scoparia aenea sp. n. is distinctly larger than other species of the spadix group with copper markings. Male genitalia are similar to those of S. ifugaoensis sp. n. , but the three small thorn-shaped cornuti are of equal size in S. aenea sp. n. , while one cornutus is larger than the other two in S. ifugaoensis sp. n. The female genitalia are very similar to those of S. ifugaoensis sp. n. , but the corpus bursae is more markedly globular in S. aenea sp. n. which is rather egg-shaped in S. ifugaoensis sp. n. HABITUS (FIG. 14) Forewing length = 6.5-7.5 mm (n = 4); ground color dark brown, with snow white and copper markings. Antemedian band ocher, edged basally and distally with snow white lines. Median area dark brown, medially with large ill-defined white band originating at cell, running down to dorsum. Two distal discoidal copper patches, distally abutted with white mark. Postmedian and subterminal lines meeting at midlength, forming a “X” shape, white. Subterminal area copper-colored. Margin with 6-7 white spots. Fringe basally striped dirty white and grey, distally greyish. Hindwings dirty white. MALE GENITALIA ( FIG. 71 ) Uncus roughly half of tegumen arm length, triangular, latero-apically setose, apex pointed. Gnathos projection 1.4 X uncus length, slightly curved downwards. Valva dorsal margin conspicuously convex, ventral process marked, valva apex broadly rounded. Juxta elliptical, apico-medially deeply notched. Vesica with three short spine-like cornuti of 82-96 μm. FEMALE GENITALIA ( FIG. 129 ) Antrum spiculose. Colliculum short, sclerotized. Ductus bursae roughly ¾ X length of corpus bursae, slightly sinuate, medially enlarged, enlarging towards corpus opening on distal ¼. Corpus bursae roughly 1.2 of ductus bursae, large, globular, one half covered with spines, other half reticulate; broad lightly sclerotized signum. DISTRIBUTION PHILIPPINES: Luzon (Benguet, Ifugao). Collected at altitudes between 2000 and 2350 m. DNA BARCODING A maximum intraspecific p-distance of 0.7% is found between specimens MFNLEP-PYRALPHIL01-B03 from Luzon (Benguet) and MFNLEP-PYRALPHIL07-H12 from Luzon (Ifugao). Scoparia aenea sp. n. is recovered as sister species to Scoparia ifugaoensis sp. n. in the RaxML tree (BS = 95). ETYMOLOGY From the Latin aeneus , a , um , “copper-colored.”