Timandra convectaria Walker, 1861

Cui, Le, Xue, Dayong & Jiang, Nan, 2019, A review of Timandra Duponchel, 1829 from China, with description of seven new species (Lepidoptera, Geometridae), ZooKeys 829, pp. 43-74 : 43

Timandra convectaria Walker, 1861 Figs 7, 25, 41, 48, 65

Timandra convectaria Walker, 1861: 800. Holotype ♂, India: Bangladesh: Sylhet (NHM).

Calothysanis convectaria : Prout 1934: 56.

Diagnosis.

The medial line of the forewing arises from the inner side of the apex in T. convectaria , T. correspondens , T. adunca , and T. quadrata . However, T. convectaria is distinctive from T. correspondens , T. adunca , and T. quadrata as follows: a sharp protrusion is present on the frons of T. convectaria , T. correspondens , and T. adunca , while it is absent in T. quadrata ; the middle part of the postmedial line of the hindwing is protruded outside in T. convectaria and T. quadrata , but it is straight in T. correspondens and T. adunca . In the male genitalia, T. convectaria and T. quadrata share the short process-like uncus and the flat apex of the valvula, while the uncus is raised and the apex of the valvula is rounded in T. correspondens and T. adunca ; the arm between the valvula and the sacculus in T. convectaria is slightly shorter in the left side than in the right side, while in other three species, these arms are symmetrical, and more strongly curved in T. adunca ; the costa of the valvula is broadened and protruding outwards in the basal half in T. convectaria , while it is strongly angled centrally in other three species; the cornutus is present as a narrow stripe in T. convectaria , but absent in T. correspondens , T. adunca , and T. quadrata . In the female genitalia, the seventh sternite is strongly sclerotized and divided into one large and one small sclerite in T. convectaria , but it is composed of a large sclerite with bifurcate apex on the posterior margin in T. correspondens and T. adunca . The ductus bursae of T. convectaria is much narrower than that of T. correspondens and T. adunca .

Material examined.

INDIA (NHM): 1♂, holotype, Sikim, N.W. India. CHINA: Zhejiang (IZCAS): 1♂, Jiangshan, Xingdun, 608 m, 10-12.VIII.2016, coll. Li Xinxin; 1♀, Zhoushan, Putuoqu, Taohuadao, 40 m, 2016.VIII.4, coll. Li Xinxin. Hubei (IZCAS): 1♀, Shennongjia, Jiuchong, 870 m, 19.VII.1998, coll. Ye Chanjuan. Fujian (IZCAS): 1♀, Nanjing, Tiankui, 6.XI.1980, coll. Zhang Baolin; 1♂, Wuping, Liangye Shan, Kongxia, 480-627 m, 17-19.XI.2008, coll. Chen Fuqiang. Hainan (IZCAS): 2♂, Baisha, Nankai, 270 m, 20-22.XI.2009, coll. Yang Chao. Guangxi (IZCAS): 1♂, Napo, Defu, 1350 m, 18.VI.2000, coll. Li Wenzhu et al.; 1♂, Longzhou, Nonggang conservation area, 195 m, 15-17.VII.2013, coll. Liu Shuxian; 1♀, Mao’er Shan, Gaozhai, 448 m, 13-15.VIII.2012, coll. Yang Chao; 2♂, Luchuan, Wenquan, Zhongxing, 198 m, 10.IV.2011, coll. Yang Xiushuai. Sichuan (IZCAS): 2♂, Emei Shan, Qingyinge, 800-1000 m, 25.IV.1957, coll. Wang Zongyuan et al. Yunnan (IZCAS): 1♂, Wanding, 900 m, 10.VI.1992, coll. Xue Dayong.

Distribution.

China (Zhejiang, Hubei, Hunan, Fujian, Hainan, Taiwan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Tibet), Russia, Japan, Korean Peninsula, India, Bangladesh, Vietnam, Philippines.