Telemiades choricus (Schaus, 1902)

Siewert, Ricardo Russo, Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik & Casagrande, Mirna Martins, 2020, Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Telemiades Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Eudaminae), with descriptions of fourteen new species, Zootaxa 4721 (1), pp. 1-111 : 49-50

Telemiades choricus (Schaus, 1902)

( Figs 78–81 , 161 , 198 , 213 )

Graius [sic] choricus Schaus, 1902 . Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 24: 429; female type, n° 5.974, Paso de San Juan, [Veracruz], Mexico; USNM.

Grais choricus ; Draudt, 1922, in Seitz. Gross–Schmett. Erde 5, p. 897.— Shepard, 1934. Lep. Cat. 64, p. 172.—C. Hoffmann, 1941. An. Inst. Biol., Mexico, 12: 255.—C. Hoffmann, 1976. Publ. Esp. Soc. Mex. Lep. 1: 129.

Telemiades epicalus megallus [misidentification]; Evans, 1953. Cat. Amer. Hesp. 3, p. 27, pl. 27 (male gen.).—Evans, 1956. Cat. Amer. Hesp. 4, Add. (sep., 1956), p. 2.—J. de la Maza E. & R. G. de la Maza E., 1985. Rev. Soc. Mex. Lep. 9: 42.—R. F. de la Maza R., 1987. Marip. Mexicanas, p. 148, pl. 66, fig. 7 (male d).—Maes et al., 1999, in Maes. Cat. Ins. Art. Nicaragua 3, p. 1259.

Grais stigmaticus choricus ; Evans, 1953. Cat. Amer. Hesp. 3, p. 179.—Okano, 1981. Tokurana 1: 101.—Bridges, 1983. Lep. Hesp. 1, p. 25; 2, p. 15.—Bridges, 1988. Cat. Hesp. 1, p. 40; 2, p. 24.—Maes et al., 1999, in Maes. Cat. Ins. Art. Nicaragua 3, p. 1270.

(no genus) choricus ; Beattie, 1976. Rhop. Direct., p. 111.

Telemiades choricus ; Steinhauser, 1989. Bull. Allyn Mus. 127: 14, figs 13, 14 (male d, v), 15, 16 (female d, v), 74 (male gen.), 103 (female gen.).—Llorente–Bousquets; Luis–Martínez & Vargas–Fernández, 1990. Publ. esp. Mus. Zool., Mexico, 1: 28.—J. de la Maza E.; White & R. G. de la Maza E., 1991. Rev. Soc. Mex. Lep. 14: 17.—R. G. de la Maza E. & J. de la Maza E., 1993. Marip. Chiapas, p. 207.—Llorente–Bousquets et al., 1995. Rev. Soc. Mex. Hist. Nat. 46: 39.—Var-gas–Fernández et al., 1996. Jour. Lep. Soc. 50: 109.—Warren et al., 1996. Dugesiana 3 (1): 4.—Austin et al., 1999. Trop. Lep. 9, Suppl. 2: 16.—Warren & Llorente–Bousquets, 1999. Dugesiana 6: 21.—Warren, 2000, in Llorente; González & Papavero (eds). Biodiv., Tax., Biogeogr. Art. Mex. 2, p. 550.—Luis–Martínez et al., 2003. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 105: 222.—Llorente et al., 2004. Jour. Lep. Soc. 58: 208.— Mielke, 2004. Hesperioidea, p. 56, in Lamas (ed.). Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea–Papilionoidea, in Heppner (ed.). Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A.—Luis Martínez et al., 2004, in García– Mendoza; Ordóñez & Briones–Salas. Biodiv. Oaxaca, p. 353.—Garwood & Lehman, 2005. Butt. Northeastern Mexico, p. 132, figs (d), 186.— Mielke, 2005. Cat. Amer. Hesperioidea 3, p. 744.—Glassberg, 2007. Swift Guide Butt. Mexico and C. America, p. 179, figs (male, female d, v); host plant.—Luis Martínez et al., 2011, in Cruz A. (ed.). Biodiv. Veracruz. Apénd. VIII.25, p. 4.—Luis–M., Salinas–G. & Llorente–B., 2011, in Álvarez (coord.). Chiapas: estudios diversidad biol., Inst. Biol., UNAM, Mexico, p. 387.—Garwood & Lehman, 2013. Butt. C. Amer. 3, Hesp., p. 62, figs (male d, v, female v).—Luis–Martínez et al., 2016. Southw. Ent. 41 (1): 189.

Telemiades megallus [misidentification]; Glassberg, 2007. Swift Guide Butt. Mexico and C. America, p. 179, figs (male, female d, v); host plant.—Garwood & Lehman, 2013. Butt. C. Amer. 3, Hesp., p. 62, figs (male d, v, female v).

Type material. Graius [sic] choricus Schaus, 1902 was described based on the female [holo]type from Paso de San Juan, México. The female holotype is deposited at the USNM with the following labels: / Paso San Juan, V. Cruz./ Collection W. Schaus / not [?]/ Graius choricus type Sch/ Type No. 5974 U.S. N.M./.

Diagnosis. FW length: males 19–20 mm (n=18) and females 22–23 mm (n=4). Telemiades choricus is the only known species of the “ epicalus group” occurying in Central America. The males have the aedeagus with dorso–lat-eral left margin serrated and VHW of females with a whitish patch covering half of its posterior surface.

Natural history. Immatures of T. choricus were erroneously illustrated as T. megallus by Janzen & Hallwachs (2009) at Area de Conservación de Guanacaste, Costa Rica. The specimens were registered on the following Inga (Fabaceae) species: I. edulis , I. leiocalycina , I. mortoniana , I. oerstediana , I. punctata , I. samanensis , I. sapindoides , I. spectabilis e I. umbellifera .

Distribution. Telemiades choricus occurs in Central America, with records from Mexico to Panama, and one single record in Colombia.

Taxonomic discussion. Evans (1953: 179) interpreted Grais choricus Schaus, 1902 as a subspecies of G. stigmaticus (Mabille, 1883) . In the same study, Evans (1953: 27, plate 27) illustrated the male genitalia of T. choricus and misinterpreted it as T. epicalus megallus . This probably happened because females of T. choricus and males of T. megallus are very similar externally. Subsequently, Steinhauser (1989: 14, figures 13–16) transferred the species to Telemiades , describing and illustrating in detail the male and female of T. choricus and the male of T. megallus .

Examined material. MEXICO: Guerrero— no specific locality, 1 female, O. T. Baron leg., NHMUK 010242085 ( NHMUK). Chiapas— San Quintin , 20–26–XI–1973, 1 male, R. Wind leg. ( OUMNH). Jalisco— Atoyac, 1 male, H.H.S. May leg., NHMUK 010242117 ( NHMUK); 1 female, H.H.S. May leg., NHMUK 010242118 ( NHMUK). Oaxaca— Candelaria Loxicha , 500 m , 15–VII–1972, 1 male, Welling leg., DZ 25.872 ( DZUP) ; 4–VIII–1972 *, 1 male, Welling leg., DZ 25.869 ( DZUP) ; 15–VIII–1972, 1 male, Welling leg., DZ 25.865 ( DZUP) ; 16–IX–1972, 1 male, Welling leg., DZ 25.871 ( DZUP) ; 7–IX–1973, 1 male, Welling leg., OM 44.214 ( DZUP–OM) ; 2–VI–1974, 1 female, Welling leg., DZ 25.874 ( DZUP) ; 23–VII–1975, 1 female, Welling leg., DZ 25.867 ( DZUP) ; 25–VII–1976, 1 male, Welling leg., DZ 25.870* ( DZUP) ; 26–VII–1976, 1 male, Welling leg., DZ 25.873 ( DZUP) ; 5–IX–1976, 1 male, Welling leg., DZ 25.866 ( DZUP) ; 19–III–1978, 1 male, Welling leg., OM 44.062 ( DZUP–OM) ; 3–VIII– 1978, 1 male, Welling leg., OM 44.255 ( DZUP–OM) ; 5–VIII–1978, 1 male, Welling leg., DZ 25.868 ( DZUP) ; 19–VIII–1978, 1 female, Welling leg., OM 44.070 ( DZUP–OM) ; 4–IX–1978, 1 male, Welling leg., OM 44.311 ( DZUP–OM) ; 24–IX–1978, 1 male, Welling leg., OM 44.102 ( DZUP–OM) ; 28–VII–1982, 1 male, Welling leg., OM 44.079 * ( DZUP–OM) ; 27–VIII–1982, 1 female, Welling leg., OM 44.039 * ( DZUP–OM) ; 28–VIII–1983, 1 male, Welling leg., OM 43.695 ( DZUP–OM) ; 10–X–1983, 1 male, Welling leg., OM 43.552 ( DZUP–OM); Chimalapa , VIII–52, 1 male, T. Escalante leg., ( OUMNH). Quintana Roo — Playa del Carmen, Ak’luum, 3 Km , 1– 15–IX–2012, 1 female, OM 88.621 ( DZUP–OM); 3 Km N Río Secreto , 30–I–4–II–2017, 2 males, OM 88.720 , OM 88.640 ( DZUP–OM); Nuevo X–Can , 9–VII–1965, 1 male, Welling leg., OM 44.902 ( DZUP–OM) ; 29–V–1967, 1 male, Welling leg., OM 44.844 ( DZUP–OM). Veracruz— no specific locality, 1 female, H.H.S. May leg., NHMUK 010242084 ( NHMUK). Catemaco , IX–1957, 1 female, T. Escalante leg. ( OUMNH); Presidio , VIII–40, 1 female, T. Escalante leg. ( OUMNH) .

HONDURAS: no specific locality, 1 female, ex–coll. Hamilton Druce , NHMUK 010242086 ( NHMUK) .

NICARAGUA: Chontales— no specific locality, 1 male, T. Belt leg., NHMUK 010242083 ( NHMUK) .

PANAMA: Chiriquí— no specific locality, 1 male ( ZMHU) .

COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca — no specific locality, 1 male ( ZSM) .

Figures

FIGURE 213. Geographical distribution of Telemiades from the “epicalus group”.

FIGURES 78–95. Species of Telemiades from the ‘epicalus group’, dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views. 78–81. Telemiades choricus (Schaus, 1902). 78–79. Male from X–Can, Mexico (OM 44.902—OM). 80–81. Female from Candelaria Loxicha, Mexico (DZ 25.874—DZUP). 82–85. Telemiades epicalus Hübner, [1819]. 82–83. Male from Parque Manu, Madre de Díos, Peru (DZ 25.857—DZUP). 84–85. Female from Roura, French Guiana (DZ 25.953—DZUP). 86–87. Telemiades sila Evans, 1953, holotype male from Vale Esteban, Venezuela (BMNH(E) 1236496—NHMUK). 88–91. Telemiades dawkinsi Siewert, Mielke & Casagrande, sp. nov. 88–89. Holotype male from Antonina, Paraná, Brazil (OM 52.913—DZUP). 90–91. Allotype female from Antonina, Paraná, Brazil (OM 53.241—DZUP). 92–93. Telemiades sp. 8 Siewert, Mielke & Casagrande, sp. nov., holotype male from Rodríguez de Mendonza, Peru (OM 63.717—DZUP). 94–95. Telemiades mielkei Siewert & Casagrande, sp. nov., holotype male from Quebrada Quitacalzón, Vale do Cosñipata, Cuzco, Peru (OM 79.821—DZUP).

FIGURES 161–165. Male genitalia of Telemiades from the “epicalus group”. 161. Telemiades choricus (Schaus, 1902) (DZ 25.870—DZUP). 162. Telemiades epicalus Hübner, [1819] (OM 73.380—OM). 163. Telemiades dawkinsi Siewert, Mielke & Casagrande, sp. nov. (OM 10.553—OM). 164. Telemiades warreni Siewert, Mielke & Casagrande, sp. nov. (OM 63.717— DZUP). 165. Telemiades mielkei Siewert & Casagrande, sp. nov. (OM 79.601—DZUP).

FIGURES 198–200. Female genitalia of Telemiades from the “epicalus group”. 198. Telemiades choricus (Schaus, 1902) (OM 44.039—OM). 199. Telemiades epicalus Hübner, [1819] (DZ 25.860—DZUP). 200. Telemiades dawkinsi Siewert, Mielke & Casagrande, sp. nov. (OM 51.591—OM).