Xiphocentron (Sphagocentron) guanacaste, Vilarino & Calor, 2024

Vilarino, Albane & Calor, Adolfo R., 2024, Comparative geometric morphometrics of male genitalia in Xiphocentron subgenera (Trichoptera: Xiphocentronidae): new species, revision and phylogenetic systematics of the subgenus Sphagocentron, Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 82, pp. 407-431 : 407-431

Xiphocentron (Sphagocentron) guanacaste sp. nov.

Figures 9 A – D

Type material.

Holotype: COSTA RICA • ♂; Guanacaste, Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Sector San Cristobal, Estacion San Gerardo , 10 ° 52 ′ 48.00 ” N, 85 ° 23 ′ 20.40 ” W, el. 575 m, 26. viii. 2013, Malaise Trap, D. H. Janzen, W. Hallwachs leg., [BOLD: GMAAG 1127-16] BIOUG 28044 - C 01 . — Paratypes: Same data as holotype, except 09. ix. 2013. • 2 ♂; 09. ix. 2013, [BOLD: GMACB 1559-15] BIOUG 19725 - A 07, [BOLD: GMACB 1565-15] BIOUG 19725 - B 01 . • ♂; same data, except 26. viii. 2013, [BOLD: GMAAG 1127 -16] BIOUG 28044 - C 01 . • ♂; same data, except 31. iii. 2014, [BOLD: GMAAQ 746 -16] BIOUG 28344 - B 02 . • ♂; same data, except 11. ix. 2013, [BOLD: GMACA 1002 -15] MZUSP .

Diagnosis.

The new species is most similar to X. tuxtla sp. nov. by sharing the prominent acute lobes at the posterior margin of sternum IX and the slightly divergent lobes of tergum IX posterior margin. The new species can be diagnosed in lateral view by (1) the preanal appendage with about the same width throughout length; (2) the spine-like setae of inferior appendage numerous and very dense (sparser basely in X. tuxtla sp. nov.); and (3) the shape of paraproct apicodorsaly round (truncate in X. tuxtla sp. nov.). In dorsal view (4) the tergum IX is longer than wide (about as long as wide in X. tuxtla sp. nov.).

Description.

Male: Forewing length 4–4.2 mm (n = 3). Color overall pale brown, forewing uniformly dark brown. Maxillary palp segment length formula (I = II = III) <IV <V. Tibial spur formula 2: 4: 3; spurs unmodified. Forewing forks II and IV present; fork II sessile at discoidal cell; discoidal cell half as long as thyridial cell. Hind wing forks II and V present (Fig. 9 A ). Sternum V with anterolateral reticulated region and wide sclerotized lateral projection.

Genitalia (Fig. 9 B – D ). Tergum IX, in lateral view, wider basally, narrower apically (Fig. 9 B ); in dorsal view, anterior margin with deep wide concave incision; posterior margin with round lobes and deep v-shape mesal incision (Fig. 9 C ). Sternum IX, in lateral view, about 3 × as long as high, apex subtruncate, with narrow, straight anterior apodeme, tapering to narrow flange (Fig. 9 B ); in ventral view, longer than wide, posterior margin produced mesally, forming prominent acute lobes divided by v-shaped mesal incision (Fig. 9 D ). Tergum X membranous fused basodorsally to each paraproct. Paraproct, in lateral view, oblong, width subequal throughout length, dorsoapically round, with narrow, short ventral lobe (Fig. 9 B ); in dorsal view, wide basally, divided apicomesally, each side partially fused at midlenght, without clear mesal band, apex with several sensillae (Fig. 9 C ). Preanal appendage setose, in lateral view more than 2 × as long as tergum IX, mostly straight to slightly wavy, with same width throughout length, apex tapered, acute (Fig. 9 B ); in dorsal view, about same width throughout length (Fig. 9 C ). Inferior appendage in lateral view about 3 × as long as tergum IX; coxopodite and harpago completly fused, without suture line between each article, inner face with area of dense, long spine-like setae, and row of regular setae from midlenght to apex (Fig. 9 B ); basal region (coxopodite) wide, without basomesal spine-like setae, mesal sclerite region with dense, long spine-like setae, longer than other spinelike-setae; apical region (harpago) narrow, digitate, 1.5 × as long as basal region, apex slightly enlarged (Fig. 9 B ); basal plate in lateral view wide, anteriorly with long, narrow flange (Fig. 9 B ). Phallus tubular, very long and narrow, reaching segment V, basally conical, subapically annulate, weakly sclerotized, apex slightly enlarged.

Etymology.

Name in apposition; from the indigenous Nahuatl language: guaitil, ‘ tree’, and nacaztli, ‘ ear’. It is the popular name of the tree Entelorobium cyclocarpum and also the name of the conservation area where the species was collected.

Distribution.

Costa Rica.

Figures

Figure 9. Xiphocentron (Sphagocentron) guanacaste sp. nov., holotype, male (BIOUG). A wing venation left. Genitalia: B left lateral, C dorsal, D ventral. Scale bar 0.1 mm.