Tulipa ferganica Vved., 1935

Tojibaev, Komiljon, Dekhkonov, Davron, Ergashov, Ibrokhimjon, Sun, Hang, Deng, Tao & Yusupov, Ziyoviddin, 2022, The synopsis of the genus Tulipa (Liliaceae) in Uzbekistan, Phytotaxa 573 (2), pp. 163-214 : 181-182

2.5. Tulipa ferganica Vved. in Byull. Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud. Univ. 21: 148 (1935).

Type:— KYRGYZSTAN. Grown in the experimental plot of the Botanical Garden of Central Asian University from bulbs brought by Z.P. Botschantzeva from upper reaches of the river Kugart, above the confluence with Aubek, 23 August 1933, Vvedensky 592 (holotype TASH000508 !) .

Description:—Bulb ovoid, 1.5–3.0 cm thick; tunic black to black-brown, tough coriaceous, inside densely adpressed lanate-hairy at the base and at apex; stem (5) 10–40 cm long, the upper part of stem and peduncle pubescent; leaves 3–4(5), commonly spreading, approximate, rarely scattered, more or less pubescent, ciliate, more or less curled, rather rapidly decreasing in size up the stem, not exceeding the flower; basal leaf lanceolate or oblong, 1.5–4.0 cm broad; flowers 1(2), initially cup-shaped, opening to a wide star; perigone segments 2.5–5.0(6.5) cm long, yellow, violet or red tinged on the outside (especially outer tepals); outer segments oblong to oblong-rhomboidal, gradually acuminate or acute with a pubescent tip; inner segments oblong, acuminate with a slightly pubescent or glabrous tip; stamens two or three times shorter than the perigone; filaments glabrous, bright yellow; anthers bright yellow, oblong, dilated at the base, slightly longer than filaments; ovary yellowish green, slightly shorter than stamens, with subsessile stigma; capsule 1.5–2.0 cm broad, 2.5–4.0 cm long ( Fig. 5C ).

General distribution:—Fergana, Chatkal and Alay Ranges ( Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan).

Distribution in Uzbekistan:—I-2 Fergana district (I-2-a South Chatkal region), I-3 Fergana-Alay district (I-3-b Eastern Alay region).

Phenology:—Flowering: April–May; fruiting: June–July.

Ecology:—Fine earth, gravelly and stony slopes in lower and middle mountain zone, rarely in foothills, 700–3000 m a.s.l.

Etymology:—The bulbs of this species have been collected by Z.P. Botschantzeva from the upper reaches of the river Kugart on the Fergana Range, one of the huge mountain ranges surrounding the Fergana Valley. Perhaps, Vvedensky named the species Tulipa ferganica for this reason.

Note:—According to J.J. de Groot’s communication, based on long-term observations in his living collection, at least two forms of T. ferganica Vvedensky (1935: 148) can be distinguished: 1) early flowering plants of relatively stocky habit that have been collected from the western part of the species range (Naryn, Osh); 2) late flowering and relatively tall plants from the eastern areas (Kugart). Thus, T. ferganica may be a group of very similar species, and further comparative studies are required.

Specimens examined:— UZBEKISTAN: Fergana district , South Chatkal region, Chatkal Range, Namangan Province, Yangikurgan district, the village Paraman, Ungortepa, 28 April 2011, Karimov, Batashov s.n. ( TASH!) ; Namangan Province , Yangikurgan district, the village Paraman, Ungortepa, 18 May 2011, Karimov, Turgunov s.n. ( TASH!) ; Namangan Province , Yangikurgan district , the village Paraman, village Ungor, 24 May 2015, Tojibaev, Karimov, Naralieva, Ibrokhimova s.n. ( TASH!) ; Namangan Province , Yangikurgan district , the village Paraman, piedmonts of Mt. Ungortepa, 24 May 2015, Tojibaev, Naralieva, Karimov 240520156 ( TASH!) ; Namangan Province , Yangikurgan district, the village Paraman, Ungortepa, 24 May 2015, Tojibaev, Karimov s.n. ( TASH!) ; Fergana-Alay district , Eastern Alay region , Alay Range , Fergana Province, Andizhan district, the tract Kampyr-Ravat, mountain slopes on the right bank of Karadarya, 27 March 1926, Gomolitsky 18, 25 ( TASH!) ; basin of the river Kara-Kazyk , surroundings of the resort Shakhimardan, Mt. Izbasar, 26 April 1934, Bukasov s.n. ( TASH!) ; surroundings of the village Shakhimardan , 20 May 1936, Khrzhanowsky, Tomilova s.n. ( TASH!) ; surroundings of the village Shakhimardan , 5 June 1947, Shafeev s. n ( TASH!) ; Fergana Valley , southern part, surroundings of the town Fergana, 21 April 1959, Khalikov 59 ( TASH!) ; Uzbek SSR, basin of the river Koksu (Shakhimardan), hike from Iordan to the juniper zone, juniper forest, ca. 2300 m, 09.05.1979, Kamelin 3 ( LE) ; Fergana Province , Fergana district , village Shakhimardan, river Aksu, 19 May 2011, Karimov s.n. ( TASH!) ; Fergana Province , Fergana district, village Iordan, 6 June 2011, Karimov, Tojibaev s.n. ( TASH!) ; Andijan Province , Andijan district, the hills Bogishamol, south-eastern gravelly slope, 21 April 2012, Ibrokhimova, Naralieva 1 ( TASH!) ; Andijan district , the hills Bogishamol, recreation area Bogishamol, 22 March 2020, Tojibaev, Batashov, Karimov, Dekhkanov s.n. ( TASH!) .

Figures

FIGURE 5. Species of Tulipa sect. Kolpakowskianae: A. T. lehmanniana, B. T. korolkowii, C. T. ferganica. Scale bars, 1 cm.