Trichoderma globoides W.T. Qin & W.Y. Zhuang, 2017

Qin, Wen-Tao & Zhuang, Wen-Ying, 2017, Seven new species of Trichoderma (Hypocreales) in the Harzianum and Strictipile clades, Phytotaxa 305 (3), pp. 121-139 : 129-130

Trichoderma globoides W.T. Qin & W.Y. Zhuang , sp. nov. FIGURE 4

Etymology:— The specific epithet refers to the globose conidia.

MycoBank: MB 816631

Type: — CHINA. HUBEI: Shennongjia, Shennongyuan, 2250 m, on rotten twigs, 13 Sep 2014, W. T. Qin, Z.Q. Zeng, H.D. Zheng & K. Chen 10648 (holotype HMAS 248747).

On CMD after 72 h 50–52 mm; mycelium covering the plate after 5 d at 25 C. Colony typically zonate, aerial hyphae densely disposed with a well-defined margin. Conidiation noted after 2 d, starting in short minute shrubs, spreading, growing to tufts or pustules, green. Conidiophores regular tree-like and side branches emerging from the main axis mostly at right angles, often paired or in verticils, also unpaired with a single whorl of phialides at upper levels, straight or slightly curved. Phialides in whorls of 2–4(–5), lageniform to subulate, uncommonly ampulliform, (6.8–)7.2–11.3(– 12.4) × (1.5–)1.7–3.1 μm, l/ w 2.8 –5.2(–5.5), 1.2–1.7 μm wide at the base (n = 50). Conidia green, globose, subglobose to ellipsoidal, smooth, 3–4.5(–5.2) × (2.5–)3–4 μm, l/ w 1.0 –1.2(–1.6) (n = 50). Chlamydospores uncommon, terminal or intercalary, globose or ellipsoidal, 6–9(–10) × (5.2–)5.5–7.2(–8.2) μm, l/w (1.0–)1.2–1.3(–1.5) (n = 50). No odor; no diffusing pigment observed.

On PDA after 72 h 45–47 mm; mycelium covering the plate after 5 d at 25 C. Colony dense, covered by thick, loose, white tomentum aerial hyphae several mm high (later collapsing). Whitish tufts formed after 2 d around the plug, irregularly disposed, turning green after 3–4 d, also conidiation on aerial hyphae turning green.

On SNA after 72 h 35–37 mm; mycelium covering the plate after 7 d at 25 C. Colony zonate, similar to CMD; hyphae loosely disposed, more curly. Conidiation noted after 2 d on the aerial hyphae. No odor; no diffusing pigment noted.

Notes: —In the phylogenetic tree, T. globoides is associated with T. alni , T. corneum and T. italicum ( MPBP / BIPP = 90%/100%) of the Harzianum clade ( Figure 1 ). Trichoderma corneum differs in its verticillium-like conidiophores, larger phialides [8–24 × 1.5–3.0 μm], and narrower conidia [2.0–5.0 × 1.6–2.8 μm] ( Doi 1972, Chaverri & Samuels 2003). Trichoderma italicum is characterized by production of the bright yellow pustules in culture and smaller conidia [(2.7–)3.0–3.5(–4.3) × (2.3–)2.5–2.8(–3.2) μm] ( Jaklitsch & Voglmayr 2015). Trichoderma alni is slow-growing [ CMD 35–40 mm, PDA 27–32 mm, SNA 30–32 mm], and forms conidiophores with simple branches and longer phialides [(8–)9–15(–18) × (2.2–)2.5–3.0(–3.5) μm] compared with T. globoides ( Jaklitsch et al. 2008, Jaklitsch 2009).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Maximum parsimony phylogram reconstructed from the combined sequences of RPB2 and TEF1-α. MPBP (left) above 50% and BIPP (right) above 90% are indicated at the nodes. New species proposed are indicated in boldface. TreeBASE no. S19229.

FIGURE 4. Trichoderma globoides (HMAS 248747). a–c. Cultures after 13 d at 25 C (a. CMD, b. PDA, c. SNA). d–k. Conidiophores (SNA, 5 d). l. Conidia (CMD, 5 d). Scale bars: a–c = 20 mm; d–f, j, k = 20 μm; g–i, l= 10 μm.