Teuchophorus

Pollet, Marc A. A. & Kechev, Mihail, 2007, A review of Palaearctic Teuchophorus, with a new species from Bulgaria (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), Zootaxa 1592, pp. 45-56 : 51-53

Key to Palaearctic Teuchophorus (males)

A key to males of all Palaearctic species is presented below, including the new species but with the exception of Teuchophorus sinensis Yang & Saigusa (known from Korea and China). Drawings of tibia III of most species are included in Olejnicek (1981) and Negrobov et al. (1984). Females are not included because they have few useful diagnostic characters (females of over half of the European species have not been associated with males). Moreover, not all characters used in the keys by Parent (1938) and d’Assis Fonseca (1978) are considered reliable and some show intraspecific variation. T. spinigerellus females, however, can be readily separated from other Western European species by their metallic blue frons (metallic green in T. simplex , T.

calcaratus and T. nigricosta , and bluish green in T. monacanthus ). Geographical scope follows Fauna Europaea (http://www.faunaeur.org/).

1. Femur III with one ventral and one posteroventral row of slightly curved, pale brown bristles, decreasing in length towards apex; basal bristles 1.7 x as long as femur is deep; tibia III without conspicuous chaetotaxy ....................................................................................... T. chaetifemoratus sp.n. – Europe ( Bulgaria)

- Femur III without strong ventral or posteroventral bristles; tibia III with conspicuous chaetotaxy, long bristles or serration .................................................................................................................................... 2

2. Tibia III with peculiar ventral chaetotaxy, including plate-, comb-like or strong recurrent bristles ......... 3

- Tibia III with unmodified, sometimes strong, bristles ............................................................................... 9

3. Tibia III swollen at apex, often distinctly bended ....................................................................................... 4

- Tibia III not swollen nor bended ................................................................................................................ 7

4. Tibia III with fan of flattened black bristles on short shaft, inserted near middle ........................................ ................................................................................................. T. calcaratus (Meigen) – Europe; Caucasus

- Tibia III without such fan .......................................................................................................................... 5

5. Tibia III with slight swelling on apical 1/2, with 2 blunt, unequal-sized ventral bristles near middle, strongest bristle slightly longer than 2 x tibial depth ............................................................................................ ............................................................ T. pseudobipilosus Negrobov, Grichanov & Shamshev – Tajikistan

- Tibia III with distinct swelling on about apical 1/3 ................................................................................... 6

6. Tibia III with one strong black ventral spine and one very thin, indistinct adjacent bristle at about apical 1/3, slightly directed towards tibial basis; apical swelling with sparse pubescence...................................... ....................................................................................... T. monacanthus Loew – Europe; Caucasus; Israel

- Tibia III with 2 blunt, subequal-sized ventral bristles, inserted beyond apical 1/3 amid fine dense pubescence .............................................................. T. bisetus Loew – Tajikistan (“Turkestan”); Uzbekistan; Iraq

7. Tibia III with black ventral bristles arranged in black plate-like process at basal 1/4 .................................. ....................................................................................... T. rohdendorfi Stackelberg – Uzbekistan; Kirgizia

- Tibia III with flat black ventral bristles arranged in a comb-like structure near middle ........................... 8

8. Tibia III with comb just before 1/2, with 3 basal erect equal-sized blunt bristles, 1 more apical, longer and curved blunt bristle and 1 apical, shorter acute bristle ................................................................................. .................................... T. ussurianus Negrobov, Grichanov & Shamshev – Far East Russia; Japan; China

- Tibia III with comb at 1/2, with 5 basal erect equal-sized blunt bristles, 1 more apical bifurcate blunt bristle and an apical distinctly longer, leaf-like processus ............................ T. nigricosta von Roser - Europe

9. Tibia III swollen in apical 1/2 .................................................................................................................. 10

- Tibia III not swollen .................................................................................................................................. 14

10. Tibia III with apical swelling limited to less than apical 1/3; swelling with tuft of short bristles, about as long as swelling is deep ........................................................................................................................... 11

- Tibia III gradually swollen towards apex; ventral bristles not arranged as tuft, but at least one bristle 4- 5 x as long as tibia is deep .............................................................................................................................. 12

11. Tibia III with apical swelling on less than apical 1/3; small tuft of about 4 setae situated basad of apical swelling, at apical 1/4 of tibia III ................... T. cristulatus Meuffels & Grootaert – Europe ( Italy, Sicily)

- Tibia III with apical swelling occupying more than apical 1/3; large tuft of more than 10 setae situated on apical swelling, at about apical 1/6 of tibia III ............................................................................................. ........................................................... T. spinigerellus Zetterstedt – Europe; Caucasus; Kazakhstan; Egypt

12. Tibia III with several long ventral bristles on about apical 2/3, 4 bristles about 4 x as long as tibia is deep ........................................................................................ T. rozkosnyi Olejnicek – Afghanistan; Uzbekistan

- Tibia III with only 1-2 long ventral bristles in apical 1/2 ........................................................................ 13

13. Tibia III with one blunt posteroventral bristle at basal 1/4, 2 x as long as tibia is deep; with one long,

curved posteroventral bristle at about apical 1/3, 4 x as long as tibia is deep, with 4 smaller bristles at its basis and followed by serration of short stout bristles towards apex. Femur II with 1 strong basal bristle. Tibia II with 1 strong bristle at basal 3/5. Squamal fringe black .................................................................. ..................................................................................... T. samraouii Grootaert, Stark & Meuffels – Algeria - Tibia III with basal 1/3 devoid of ventral bristles; with 2 very long anteroventral bristles beyond 1/2, about 5 x as long as tibia is deep, followed by 1 (postero)ventral row of shorter setae towards apex, setae on average 2 x as long as tibia is deep. Femur II with 4 strong basal posteroventral bristles. Tibia II with 2 strong ventral bristles at about 1/2 and 3/5. Squamal fringe pale brownish ................................................. .................... T. bipilosus Becker – Southern Europe ( Spain, Canary Islands, Madeira); Caucasus; Algeria

14. Tibia III with one long ventral bristle at 1/2, about 5 x as long as tibia is deep. Antenna with scape and pedicel yellow, and 1st flagellomere black .................................................................................................... ................................................................ T. monochaetus Negrobov, Grichanov & Shamshev – Tajikistan

- Tibia III with one ventral row of bristles along entire length .................................................................. 15

15. Tibia III with one row of about 9 long ventral bristles, 3- 4 x as long as tibia is deep. Antenna entirely black ............................................................................... T. gissaricus Negrobov & Grichanov – Tajikistan

- Tibia III with one row of numerous shorter bristles, as long or slightly longer than tibia is deep. Antenna with scape and pedicel brownish black, and 1st flagellomere black ...................... T. simplex Mik – Europe