Tamarinus subgrisescens ( Lönnberg, 1940 )

Gregorin, Renato, Athaydes, Daysa, Santos-Júnior, José Eustáquio dos & Ayoub, Tárik Bet, 2023, Taxonomic status of Tamarinus imperator subgrisescens (Lönnberg, 1940) (Cebidae, Callitrichinae), Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 63, pp. 1-14 : 12

Tamarinus subgrisescens ( Lönnberg, 1940)

Mystax imperator subgrisescens Lönnberg, 1940: 9 . Description based on four specimens from Santo Antônio, left bank of Rio Eirú, near Rio Juruá, Amazonas. Holotype ( Fig.3 – designation based on information extracted from museum tag):RNM 632525, adult male, skin and skull, collected by A.M. Olalla on September 25, 1936. Paratypes: RNM 612543 and RNM 612542 (adult females, skin and skull, collected by A.M. Olalla on September 30, 1936), and RNM 612526 (adult male, skin and skull, collected by A.M. Olalla, September 26, 1936). A complete synonymy has already been provided by Hershkovitz (1979).

AUTHORS’ CONTRIBUTIONS: RG: Conceptualization, Investigation; RG, DA, JESJ,TBA:Writing – original draft, DA, JESJ,TBA: Methodology. All authors actively participated in the discussion of the results;they reviewed and approved the final version of the paper.

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST:Authors declare there are no conflicts of interest.

FUNDING INFORMATION: This project was partially funded by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq – process 304907/2019-7) and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG,process PPM 00203-18).

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS:We are very thankful for the curators and professionals of institutions who sent us photographs or permitted us to analyze specimens under their care: Juliana Gualda and Luis Fábio Silveira ( MZUSP), Bruce D.Patterson ( FMNH),João Alves Oliveira ( MNRJ), Maria Nazareth F.da Silva (INPA),Ricardo Sampaio (CENAP,ICMBio), Daniela Kalthoff (NRM),and Nancy B. Simmons ( AMNH).We kindly thank Dione Seripierri for sending us data of the original field report from the Acre expedition by P.E. Vanzolini, José de Souza e Silva-Júnior, and Andreza S. Nascimento for information on type series from MPEG.We are in debt to Arthur S. Tahara for map elaboration.

Material examined (total 59): Bolivia: Pando: Cobija (?): MPEG: 264 (sn, sl). Brazil: Acre: Pedra Preta : MPEG: 736 ; MZUSP: 9967 (sn, sl); Seringal Oriente : MPEG: 22965 (sn, sl), 735 (sn, sl) ; Poranga, Cruzeiro do Sul : MPEG: 22964 (sn, sl) ; Alto Rio Juruá : MPEG: 1342 (sn), 23202 (sl) ; Feijó: MPEG: 21848 (sn, sl). Amazonas: Santo Antônio, Rio Eiru : MZUSP: 4806 (sn, sl), 4812 (sn), 4931 (sn, sl) (topotypes) ; MNRJ:5929 (sn, sl), 5930 (sn, sl) (topotypes); RNM, 612526, 612542, 632525, 632543 (sn, sl) (type series); Santa Cruz, Rio Eiru : MZUSP: 4864 (sn, sl), 4923 (sn, sl), 4925 (sn, sl), 4929 (sn), 4931 (sn, sl), 5012 (sn, sl), 5017 (sn, sl), 5023 (sn), 5024 (sn), 7115 (sn) ; Rio Jurupari : MPEG: 21846 (sn), 21847 (sn), 21849 (sn) ; Rio Juruá: MZUSP: 11386 (sn). Peru: Ucayali: Atalaya, Rio Urubamba : AMNH: 75918 (sn, sl), 75919 (sn, sl), 75920 (sn, sl), 75921 (sn, sl), 76009 (sn, sl), 76010 (sn), 76011 (sn, sl), 76012 (sn, sl), 76013 (sn), 76014 (sn, sl), 76015 (sn, sl), 76016 (sn, sl), 76017 (sn, sl), 76018 (sn, sl), 76019 (sn, sl), 147465 (sn) ; Rio Inuyo : AMNH: 99307 (sn), 98299 (sn), 98300 (sn, sl) ; Rio Tambo : AMNH: 99248 (sn), 147465 (sn) ; Loreto: Balta, Rio Curanja: MVZ: 136568 (sn), 136569 (sn). Madre de Dios: Zona Boca Amigo : FMNH: 84232 (sn), 84234 (sn) ; No locality: MPEG: 22963 (sl) and 36604 (sn) .

Type locality and geographic distribution

Lönnberg (1940) indicated "Santo Antonio, western side of Rio Eiru near the confluence with Rio Juruá″ as the provenience of the material used by him to describe his Mystax imperator subgrisescens.

Tamarinus subgrisescens occurs in the Brazilian states of Acre and Amazonas, the Peruvian departments of Madre de Dios and Ucayali, and the Bolivian department of Pando. In Bolivia ( Fig. 10 ), this species is recorded in the Muyumanu River Basin, on the border of Peru, at the south Tahuamanu River, and at sites along the right (south) bank of the Acre River (Izawa & Bejarano, 1981; Buchanan-Smith et al., 2000), including Cobija. In Peru, there are records of T. subgrisescens in localities along Madre de Dios and Manu Rivers, at the Curanja River (department of Ucayali), Atalaya, the mouth of Urubamba River, and Iñaperi ( Encarnación & Castro, 1990); the western limit of the species seems to be the lowlands bordering the Fitzcarrald Arch. In Brazil, T. subgrisescens occurs along the right bank of the upper Juruá River (state of Acre and the Envira River, municipalities of Feijó and Cruzeiro do Sul) and the southwestern state of Amazonas, in Pauiní (west bank of Purus River), the northernmost reliable limits of the species to date ( Fig. 10 ).

Figures

Figure 3. Pelage patterns in T. i. subgrisescens, left row, dorsal view, right row, ventral view. (A and B) RNM 632525, holotype; (C and D) RNM 612542, paratype; (E) series from Urubamba River, Peru (top to bottom: AMNH 75918, 75919, 75920, 75921, 76009, 76010); (F) series from Acre,Brazil (top to bottom: MPEG 1342, 22964,and 229).Note the rump and tailrufous (A,E,F), yellowish-brownbelly (B, F),beard and mustache,and brown chin and throat (B,F).

Figure 10. Map of the geographic distribution of T.imperator (circles)and T.subgrisescens (triangle).