Strotarchus tropicus ( Mello-Leitão, 1917 ), Mello-Leitao, 1917

Bonaldo, Alexandre B., Saturnino, Regiane, Ramírez, Martín J. & Brescovit, Antonio D., 2012, A revision of the American spider genus Strotarchus Simon, 1888 (Araneae: Dionycha, Systariinae), Zootaxa 3363, pp. 1-37 : 20-21

Strotarchus tropicus ( Mello-Leitão, 1917)

Figs. 1−2 , 24, 28−29 , 48−49 , 67 , 85−88

Coreidon tropicum Mello-Leitão, 1917: 15 . Male holotype from Pinheiro [presently Piraí, Pinheiral, 43º58.8'W, 22º31.2'S], Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, deposited in MNRJ 964, examined; Silva-Moreira et al., 2010: 38. Strotarchus tropicum ; Ramírez et al., 2004: 181.

Strotarchus tropicus ; Platnick, 2012.

Diagnosis. Males of Strotarchus tropicus are readly distinguished from other species of the genus by the embolar base covered by thin hair-like projections and by the halfmoon-shaped embolar process ( Figs. 48, 49 , 85, 86 ). Females are also easily identified by the hexagonal atrium and by the uncoiled copulatory ducts ( Figs. 87, 88 ).

Description. Male (Holotype). Carapace orange, margins paler. Chelicerae red brown. Endites and labium red brown with white apexes. Sternum yellow, margins brown. Legs orange, with base of the articles darker. Abdomen greenish, spinnerets yellow. Total length 8.30. Carapace 3.10 long, 2.50 wide. Eye diameters: AME 0.28, ALE 0.17, PME 0.17, PLE 0.27. Chelicerae with 3 promarginal teeth, the median largest, and 2 retromarginal teeth, separated by three times their width. Leg measurements: femur I 2.80/ II 2.60/ III 2.20/ IV 2.80. Leg spination: Ifemur d1-1-1, p0-1-1, r0; tibia d0, p1-1-0, r1-1-0, v2-2 -0; metatarsus d0-1-0, p1-1-0, r1-1-0, v2-2 -2. II—femur d1- 1-1, p0-1-1, r0-0-1; tibia d0-1-0, p1-1-0, r1-1-0, v2-2 -0; metatarsus d0-1-0, p1-1-0, r1-1-0, v2-2 -2. III—femur d1- 1-1, p0-0-1, r0-0-1; tibia d0-1-0, p1-1-0, r1-1-0, v2-2 -0; metatarsus d0-1-0, p1-1-2, r1-1-2, v2-2 - 1m. IV—femur d1-1-1, p0-0-1, r0-0-1; tibia d0, p1-1-0, r1-0-0, v2-2 -0; metatarsus d0-1-0, p1-1-2, r1-1-2, v2-2 - 1m. Palpal tibiae thin, short, half cymbium length; RTA square, with rounded tip; ppRTA absent; laRTA weak. Tegulum sub-circular, posteriorly truncated; proximal fold of reservoir ventrally oriented; TA small, inserted retro-basally; BEF restricted to retrolateral side of bulbus, disposed parallel (in relation)/relative to tegulum, covered with small hair-like projections; EP small, sclerotised, bifurcated; EA arising retrolaterally ( Figs. 85, 86 ).

Female (Paratype). Coloration as in male, except abdomen paler. Total length 7.90. Carapace 3.20 long, 2.80. Eye diameters: AME 0.26, ALE 0.15, PME 0.15, PLE 0.25. Chelicerae with 3 promarginal teeth, the median largest, and 2 retromarginal teeth, separated by three times their width. Leg measurements: femur I 2.70/ II 2.60/ III 2.40/ IV 2.80. Leg spination: I—femur d1-1-1, p0-1-1, r0-0-1; tibia d0, p1-1-0, r1-1-0, v2-2 -0; metatarsus d0-1-0, p1-1- 1, r1-1-0, v2-2 -1. II—femur d1-1-1, p0-1-1, r0-1-1; tibia d0-1-0, p1-1-0, r1-1-0, v2-2 -0; metatarsus d0-1-0, p1-1-1, r1-1-0, v2-2 -1. III—femur d1-1-1, p0-1-1-1, r0-0-1; tibia d0-1-0, p1-1-0, r1-1-0, v0-1p-0; metatarsus d0-1-0, p1-1- 2, r1-1-2, v2-2 - 1m. IV—femur d1-1-1, p0-0-1, r0-0-1; tibia d0, p1-1-0, r1-1-0, v1 p-1p-10; metatarsus d0, p1-1-2, r1-1-2, v2-2 - 1m. Epigynum: atrium with posterior margin recurved; AP large, rounded posteriorly, lateral borders folded dorsally; median slit shallow, without lateral notches, rounded anteriorly; CD divergent, C-shaped posteriorly; GK long, tubular, base slightly constricted, laterally oriented; SS enlarged posteriorly, gently curved; S continuous with SS ( Figs. 87, 88 ).

Variation. Seven males: total length 6.30−8.30; carapace 2.70−3.30; femur I 2.60−3.10. Seven females: total length 6.70−8.70; carapace 2.80−3.30; femur I 2.30−2.80.

Distribution. Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Paraná, Brazil.

Other material examined. BRAZIL. Bahia: Coaraci [39º31.8'W, 14º37.8'S], Fazenda Boa Esperança, 1 male, Sept. 18, 1970, Ceplac ( IBSP 15329); 1 male, Jan. 28, 1971 ( IBSP 15324); Prado [39º13.2'W, 17º21'S], Fazenda Furado, 1 male, Aug. 7, 1970 ( MNRJ 6273, field number 3134); 1 male, Sept. 26, 1970 ( MNRJ 6274, field number 3171); Gandu [39º30'W, 13º45'S], Fazenda Pedra Branca, 1 male, Feb. 5, 1970, Ceplac ( IBSP 15330); 1 male, May 11, 1970 ( MNRJ 6275, field number 3056); Fazenda São Rafael, 1 male 1 female, Mar. 1, 1971, Ceplac ( IBSP 15322); 2 females, Mar. 26, 1971 ( MNRJ 6276, field number 3261); 2 males, Feb. 4, 1969 ( MNRJ 6277); 1 male 1 female, Sept. 6, 1970 ( MNRJ 6278, field number 3146); 1 female, Jan. 3, 1969 ( MNRJ 6279, field number 2501); 1 male 1 female, Oct. 19, 1970 ( MNRJ 13308, field number 3184); Fazenda São Rafael, 2 males, Feb. 4, 1969 ( MNRJ 6280); Itamarajú [39º31.8'W, 17º4.2'S], Fazenda Pau Brasil, 1 female, Mar. 27, 1969 ( MNRJ 6281, field number 2619); Jussari [39º31.8'W, 15º12'S], Fazenda São Francisco, 1 female, Sept. 10, 1970, Ceplac ( IBSP 15321); Fazenda Ribeirão do Antônio 1 male, Apr. 11, 1970 ( MNRJ 6282, field number 3049); Jussari [39º31.8'W, 15º12'S], Fazenda Arizona, 2 females, Mar. 4, 1971 ( MNRJ 13389, field number 3252); Camacan [39º29.4'W, 15º24.6'S], 1 female, no date ( MNRJ 6283, field number 2434); Lomanto Júnior, 1 male 1 female, no date ( MNRJ 6286); Porto Seguro [39º3.8'W, 16º27'S], Fazenda São Jorge, 3 females, Jan. 8, 1971, all collected by Equipe Ceplac ( MNRJ 6285, field number 3225); Itabuna [39º16.2'W, 14º48'S], campus do Ceplac, 2 males 1 female ( MNRJ 4255); Espírito Santo: Santa Teresa [40º35.6'W, 19º55.8'S], Estação Ecológica de Santa Lúcia, 1 male 1 juvenile, Sept. 12−14, 2008 ( MNRJ 4258), A. Chagas & N. Benaim coll.; Rio de Janeiro: Parque Nacional da Tijuca [43º16.8'W, 22º56.4'S], Jan. 18, 2005, 1 male, R.L.C. Baptista coll. ( MNRJ 4259); Volta Redonda [44º6'W, 22º31.2'S], Floresta da Cicuta, 1 male 1 female, Jun. 2001, Equipe Biota coll. ( IBSP 161740; 161741); Petrópolis [43º10.8'W, 22º30.6'S], Fazenda Ranchinho Porto da Roça, 1 male, 2000, A.D. Brescovit coll. ( IBSP 42283); São Paulo: São Paulo [46º37.2'W, 23º31.8'S], 1 female, 1993, no coll. ( IBSP 6046); Parque Estadual do Pico do Jaraguá [46º45.6'W, 23º24'S], 3 females, Oct. 16, 2002, Equipe Biota coll. ( IBSP 161742, 161743, 161744); Parque Estadual da Serra da Cantareira [- 46.52ºW, - 23.37ºS], Pedra Grande, 1 female, Dec. 21, 2000, R. Pinto da Rocha et al. coll. ( MZSP); Parque Estadual da Serra da Cantareira [46º3'W, 23º22.2'S], Sede, 1 female, Dec. 22, 2000, R. Pinto da Rocha et al. coll. ( IBSP); Ubatuba, Ilha Anchieta [Ilha dos Porcos, 45º3.6'W, 23º32.4'S], 2 males 1 female, Jul. 25−29, 2001, Equipe Biota coll. ( IBSP 161746-161748); Ilhabela [45º21'W, 23º46.2'S], Parque Estadual de Ilhabela, 1 male, Oct. 11, 2001, Equipe Biota coll. ( IBSP 161749); Salesópolis, Estação Ecológica de Boracéia [45º51'W, 23º32.4'S], in nest of Trypoxylon — Sphecidae , 1 male, May 10, 2003, E.F. Santos coll. ( IBSP 39668); Mogi das Cruzes [46º10.8'W, 23º31.2'S], Parque Municipal da Serra do Itapety, 2 males, Oct., 2003, Equipe Biota coll. ( IBSP 161750-161751); Cotia, Reserva Florestal do Morro Grande [46º55.2'W, 23º36'S], 1 male, Mar. 14, 2003, A.A. Nogueira coll. ( IBSP 161753); Paraná: Antonina [48º43.2'W, 25º25.2'S], 1 male, Feb. 16, 1987, Eq. Profaupar coll. (MCN 20830); Rio Grande do Sul, Maquiné [50º10.8'W, 29º4.8'S], Fepagro, 1 female, Jan. 21, 2002, Equipe Biota coll. ( IBSP 161752).

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 7. Strotarchus tropicus (Mello-Leitão, 1917), carapace, female: 1) dorsal; 2) laterodorsal. Strotarchus piscatorius (Hentz, 1847), carapace, female: 3) lateral; 4) frontal; 5) dorsal; 6) lateral. Strotarchus beepbeep new species, carapace, male: 7) dorsofrontal.

FIGURES 24 – 32. Strotarchus tropicus (Mello-Leitão, 1917), tarsal organ, female: 24) leg I. Strotarchus piscatorius (Hentz, 1847), tarsal organ, female: 25) leg I, left. Strotarchus beepbeep new species, tarsal organ, male: 26) leg II. Strotarchus tamaulipas new species, tarsal organ, male: 27) leg III. Strotarchus tropicus (Mello-Leitão, 1917), thricobothria, female: 28) tibia I; 29) tarsus I. Strotarchus piscatorius (Hentz, 1847), female: 30) tarsus I. Strotarchus beepbeep new species, male: 31 - 32) metatarsus, leg II.

FIGURES 48 – 53. Strotarchus tropicus (Mello-Leitão, 1917), male: 48) palp, embolar process; 49) palp, ventral. Strotarchus tamaulipas new species, male: 50) apophysis tibial retrolateral; 51) palp, retrolateral; 52) palp, ventroapical. Strotarchus beepbeep new species, male: 53) palp, lateroventral.

FIGURES 66 – 69. Strotarchus monasticus new species, female: 66) epigynum, dorsal. Strotarchus tropicus (Mello-Leitão, 1917), female: 67) epigynum, dorsal. Strotarchus piscatorius (Hentz, 1847), female: 68) epigynum, dorsal. Strotarchus planeticus Edwards, 1958, female: 69) epigynum, dorsal. Scale bar = 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: A ― Atrium; AP ― Atrial pocket; CD ― Copulatory ducts; FD ― Fertilization ducts; GK ― Glandular knob; S ― Spermathecae; SS ― Spermathecae stalk.

FIGURES 81 – 88. Strotarchus tamaulipas new species, male: 81) palp, ventral; 82) palp, retrolateral; female: 83) epigynum, ventral; 84) epigynum, dorsal. Strotarchus tropicus (Mello-Leitão, 1917), male: 85) palp, ventral; 86) palp, retrolateral; female: 87) epigynum, ventral; 88) epigynum, dorsal. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.