Stemonitis fusca var. confluens Lister, Monogr.

Lado, Carlos & Basanta, Diana Wrigley De, 2018, Typification of the myxomycete taxa described by the Listers and preserved at the Natural History Museum, London (BM), Phytotaxa 341 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

Stemonitis fusca var. confluens Lister, Monogr. mycetozoa, ed. 1, 110. 1894

= Symphytocarpus amaurochaetoides Nann. -Bremek, in Ing & Nannenga-Bremekamp, Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., C. 70(2): 220. 1967

— Lectotypus (designated here): UNITED KINGDOM. England, Essex, Epping Forest , 51.66ºN 0.05ºE, Jul 1894, A . Lister (a dry mount L: B. M.82!, engraved 270, BM001089186 ) . Syntypus: UNITED KINGDOM. England, Dorset, Lyme Regis, Highcliff , 50.725ºN 2.940ºW, Jun 1889 ( BM 444 !, BM001089728 ) . Syntypus: UNITED KINGDOM . England, Essex, Epping Forest , 51.66ºN 0.05ºE, 15 Sep 1887 ( BM 445 !, BM001089730 + one slide BM s.n.!, 1, BM001089187 . Syntypus: UNITED KINGDOM. England, Essex, Epping Forest, 51.66ºN 0.05ºE, 21 Sep 1894 ( BM 1238 !, BM001089729 ). Syntypus: GERMANY. Aestate. In sylva Hostrichiensi, ad truncos putridos, Herb. C. E. Broome. In schedis: L. Fuckel: Fungi Rhenani. 1473 ( BM 650 !, BM001089740 ).

L:B.M.82 one dry mount engraved 270/ Stemonitis / fusca Roth / γ. confluens/ Epping Forest, Essex / VII.1894 / leg. Lister/ BM001089186. [BM] 444 / Stemonitis fusca / var. confluens / stump behind nursery Highcliff/ June 1889 / N.II p.167/ June 1889 / Feb. 90 hosts of dead beetles in the gathering/ put 1–20 carbolic acid and fruited??? a day in this box/ BM001089728. [BM] 445 / Stemonitis fusca / var. confluens / Forest, Notes 1.38/ Sep.15.87/ BM001089730 + one slide BM s.n. 1, BM001089187. [BM] 1238 / Stemonitis fusca / v. confluens / Epping Forest, 21.7.94/ BM001089729. [BM] 650 / L. Fuckel: Fungi Rhenani./ 1473/ Reticularia maxima Fr. / ad truncos putridos, raro.Aestate. In sylva Hostrichiensi. Herb. C. E. Broome.– Bequeathed 1886/ BM001089740 [whit a note on the sheet label “I have found every stage between this and the normal form from the same plasmodium.A.L.” and a revision label: “ Symphytocarpus amaurochaetoides / Nann.-Brem. nov. sp./ see Koninkl. Nederl. Akad. Wetensch/ Ser. C. 70, 223, 1962”].

NOTES: Lister (1894: 112) mentions several specimens “Leytonstone, Essex (L:B.M.82); Lyme Regis, Dorset (L:

B.M.82); Edinburgh (K. 796); Germany (BM 650)”. In BM 2 slides were located, one with the number L:B.M.82,

is a dry mount from Epping Forest , Essex, VII: 1894, leg. Lister and we designate the lectotype. The other ( BM s.n.,

1) is a prepared microscope slide from a different collection but the same place with comments in notebook I: 41,

collected in September 1887. There are also four boxes ( BM 444 , BM 445 , BM 1238 middle fragment, and BM 650

from Germany) with comments in notebook IX: 76, that we consider to be syntypes as they are from the localities in the publication and most likely the material studied by Arthur Lister. The var. confluens , with confluent sporocarps,

without a surface net or columellae, is currently regarded as belonging to the genus Symphytocarpus and a synonym of the species Symphytocarpus amaurochaetoides Nann. -Bremek

Stemonitis fusca var. flaccida G. Lister , in Lister, Monogr. mycetozoa, ed. 2, 144. 1911, nom. illeg., non S. fusca var. flaccida (Lister) Torrend, 1908

= Symphytocarpus amaurochaetoides Nann. -Bremek, in Ing & Nannenga-Bremekamp, Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., C. 70(2): 220. 1967

— Lectotypus (designated here): UNITED KINGDOM. England, Essex, Leytonstone , 51.569ºN 0.010E, 17 Nov 1898 ( BM 2147 !, BM001089761 + two slides BM s.n.!, 35, BM001089189 , and 40, BM001089188 ) .

[BM] 2147 / Stemonitis fusca Roth / “var. flaccida ”/ Leytonstone, Nov.17.98 NXVIIp.72/ BM001089761 + two slides BM s.n., 35, 40/ BM001089189, BM001089188. [In the same box there is another collection from different place and date later than the publication].

NOTES: Lister (1911: 145) in the description of the species Stemonits fusca Roth , made reference to various collections, but none of them specifically for this variety. In BM we located only one box (BM 2147) and 2 slides that coincided in data, and were annotated as Stemonits fusca var flaccida . They also had a reference to notebook XVII: 72, so we believe this is original material and we designate it as the lectotype. The specimen number is not in the monograph. This variety var. flaccida , has characteristics described by Gulielma Lister herself as “sporangia weak, capillitium scarcely forming a surface net or surface net with very wide meshes connected by few slender threads to the columella”, and it is currently considered within the genus Symphytocarpus and a synonym of the species Symphytocarpus amaurochaetoides Nann. -Bremek

In K (http://apps.kew.org/herbtrack/results) there is a collection [ K 173553 , England, 1898, on dead leaf, A. & G. Lister (ex herb. G. Lister)] that could be type material .