Steinernema biddulphi, B & B & Tom & Ashafa, 2021

B, Adeola Abiola Oso, B, Tshimangadzo Ramakuwela, Tom, Anofi Omotayo & Ashafa, Tom, 2021, Compatibility of entomopathogenic nematodes with plant extracts and post-exposure virulence test under laboratory condition, Turkish Journal of Zoology 45, pp. 384-394 : 385

Threenativespeciesof Steinernema [Steinernemakhoisanae (Nguyen, Malan & Gozel), Steinernema biddulphi n. sp. and Steinernema innovation (Çimen, Lee, Hatting and Stock) ] and two species of Heterorhabditis ( H. bacteriophora and Heterorhabditis sp. SGI 244) from the EPN culture collection at the Agricultural Research Council –Small Grain (ARC-SG) used for the study were propagated in the larvae of Galleria mellonella (Linnaeus, Lepidoptera : Pyralidae ) according to Kaya and Stock (1997). Larvae of G. mellonella were reared on a diet described by Mohamed and Coppel (1983) at ARC-SG (Bethlehem, South Africa). Infective juveniles were collected in modified White traps and stored (maximum for two weeks) in the cold room at 10 °C until they were needed for the experiment. 2.3. Source of T. molitor and Maintenance

Tenebrio molitor was reared in a colony at ARC-SG, Bethlehem. The insect culture was reared in a clear plastic container covered with a lid which allowed for air circulation through gauze. The container was filled to about 2–3 inches deep with bran and potato halves as a source of moisture for the larvae. Only last instars were collected and used in bioassays.