Scopaeus sulawesianus Frisch, 2022

Frisch, Johannes & Narakusumo, Raden Pramesa, 2022, Revision of Scopaeus Erichson, 1839 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae) of Indonesia, with description of 19 new species, Soil Organisms 95 (1), pp. 23-73 : 59-60

Scopaeus sulawesianus Frisch , spec. nov.

( Figs 24 , 49 , 116–118 , 145, 178)

Type specimens: Indonesia: Holotype ♂, Sulawesi Selatan, Engrekang ( Sadang River ), (03°34’S, 119°46’E), 46 m, 27.7.2015, leg. Puchner ( MZB) . Paratypes (9 specimens): 2 ♂, 1 ♀, same data as holotype ( MFNB, MZMB) . 3 ♂, 3 ♀, Sulawesi Tengah, 6 km E Tambarana (01°11’15’’S, 120°28’06’’E), 50 m, 9. – 11.7.1999, leg. Bolm ( MFNB, SMNS) .

Description: Habitus and coloring as in Fig. 24 . Head subquadrate. Penultimate antennal segment elongate. Mesotibia moderately thickened. Body surface dull with extremely fine, dense, setose punctation; microreticulation absent. Pubescence of body surface short, decumbent, without conspicuous macrosetae. Body including appendages light brown; disc of abdominal segments darker brown. Total body length 3.1 – 3.3 mm; forebody length 1.8 – 1.9 mm.

Male: Abdominal sternite VII with unmodified posterior margin. Abdominal sternite VIII in almost posterior half with deep, triangular emargination with somewhat concave margins and acute anterior end; disc of sternite VIII with large depression wider than half sternite width stretching from emarginate posterior margin close to subbasal ridge; depression of sternite VIII surrounded laterally by long, medioposteriorly pointing macrosetae neighboured by sublateral, lateroposteriorly pointing macrosetae situated within depression (Fig. 145). Aedeagus ( Figs 49 , 116 – 118 ) about 0.5 mm long; phallobase stout, strongly sclerotized, thus dark reddish brown, shorter than distal lobes; distal portion of aedeagus seemingly attached to phallobase ventromedially owing to remarkable, dorsodistal extension of phallobase evenly narrowed towards wide, membranous, dorsodistal window ( Figs 49 , 116 ); apical lobes in lateral view very narrow basally but convexly widened distad ( Figs 49 , 116 ), in ventral and dorsal view with pronounced proximal waist, widened distolaterally and extended in remarkable, wing-like lobes with triangularly enlarged, mediodistad curved ends ( Figs 117, 118 ); apical lobes ventrally separated in lateral halves with straight, parallel inner margins; ends of apical lobes membranous, in lateral view narrow and curved dorsad ( Figs 49 , 116 ), in ventral and dorsal view widened laterally, subflabellate apically ( Figs 117, 118 ); dorsal lobe curved apicoventrad ( Figs 49 , 116 ), with membranous apex triangularly projecting between membranous ends of apical lobes ( Figs 117, 118 ); flagellum inconspicuous ( Fig. 117 ); small convex lobe, presumably ventral lobe, projecting from distal portion of aedeagus ventroproximally; median foramen oblong, with ends of lateral ridges curved proximolaterad; transverse ridge slender, curved distad ( Fig. 117 ).

Female: Sperm pump with long, slender process segment; chamber without apophysis; bursal duct long, spirally tortuous ( Fig. 178 ); bursa membranous.

Distribution: Scopaeus sulawesianus is known from Sulawesi only.

Etymology: With the epithet sulawesianus (adjective, Latin, composed of the geographic name Sulawesi and the suffix – anus, which indicates the geographical affiliation), reference is made to the distribution of this presumed Sulawesian endemic.

Comment: Scopaeus bipectenatus , S. bipenicillatus , S. cuspidatus and S. sulawesianus share the dark, strongly sclerotized aedeagus with small phallobase, which has a dorsodistal, membranous window of unknown function ( Figs 107 – 118 ), and the missing apophysis of the chamber segment of the sperm pump ( Figs 173 – 175, 178 ). They constitute a distinctive, speciose phylogenetic lineage of Scopaeus in the Oriental, Australasian, Nearctic and Neotropical regions with a large number of undescribed species.

Figures

Figures 23–26. Habitus of Scopaeus cuspidatus, paratype, Jawa Barat: Mt Salak (23); S. sulawesianus, paratype, Sulawesi Tengah: Tambarana (24); S. niger, paralectotype, Singapore (25); S. borneensis, holotype, Kalimantan Barat: Pontianak (26).

Figures 42–49. Aedeagus in lateral view of Scopaeus velifer, holotype, Banten, Lebak: Citorek Kidul (42); S. elegantulus, Jawa Barat, Sukabumi, Sirnarasa:Cisarua (43); S. uncinatus, holotype,Banten, Lebak:Citorek Kidul (44); S. bipenicillatus, holotype,Sulawesi Tengah, Sigi: Pagana (45); S. bipectenatus, holotype, Sulawesi Tengah, Poso: Lake Poso (46); S. cuspidatus, holotype, Bali, Jembrana: Cekik (47); S. crassipunctatus, holotype, Jawa Barat, Sukabumi, Sirnarasa:Cisarua (48); S. sulawesianus, holotype, Sulawesi Selatan: Engrekang (49).

Figures 116–118. Aedeagus of Scopaeus sulawesianus, holotype, Sulawesi Selatan: Engrekang in lateral (116), ventral (117), dorsal view (118). Abbreviations: al – apical lobes, dw – dorsodistal window of phallobase, mf – median foramen, tr – transverse ridge of median foramen, vl – ventral lobe.

Figures 173–178. Sperm pump (173–178) and bursa (173) of ♀ of Scopaeus bipenicillatus, paratype, Sulawesi Tengah, Sigi: Pagana (173, with lateral gonocoxal plates IX; 174); S. bipectenatus, paratype, Sulawesi Tengah: Lake Poso (175); S. cuspidatus, paratype, Jawa Barat: Mt Salak (176); S. crassipunctatus, paratype, Jawa Barat, Sukabumi: Sirnarasa (177); S. sulawesianus, paratype, Central Sulawesi, Tambarana (178, with bursal duct). Long scale bar: 174–178; short scale bar: 173.

Figures 107–109. Aedeagus of Scopaeus bipenicillatus, holotype, Sulawesi Tengah, Sigi: Pagana in lateral (107), ventral (108), dorsal view (109). Abbreviations: al – apical lobes, dl – dorsal lobe, dw – dorsodistal window of phallobase, f – flagellum, mf – median foramen, tr– transverse ridge. Arrow Fig. 108: ventral window of phallobase.

Figures 110–112. Aedeagus of Scopaeus bipectenatus, holotype, Sulawesi Tengah, Poso: Lake Poso in lateral (110), ventral (111), dorsal view (112). Abbreviations: al – apical lobes, dl – dorsal lobe, dw – dorsodistal window of phallobase, f – flagellum, mf – median foramen, tr – transverse ridge of median foramen. Arrows: dorsal lobe projecting from apical lobes dorsally and ventrally (I, II); ventral, circular windows of apical lobes (III, IV); ventral, bipartite window of phallobase (V).

Figures 113–115. Aedeagus of Scopaeus cuspidatus, holotype, Bali, Jembrana: Cekik in lateral (113), ventral (114), dorsal view (115). Abbreviations: al – apical lobes, dw – dorsodistal window of phallobase, mf – median foramen, tr – transverse ridge of median foramen, vl – ventral lobe.