Lavoisiera imbricata Thunberg (1817: 10) Candolle (1828: 103)

Martins, Angela B. & Almeda, Frank, 2017, A Monograph of the Brazilian endemic genus Lavoisiera (Melastomataceae: Microlicieae), Phytotaxa 315 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

21. Lavoisiera imbricata Thunberg (1817: 10) Candolle (1828: 103) . Rhexia imbricata Thunberg (1817: 10 , t. 2, fig. 2.). Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Ouro Preto, “crescit prope Villam Ricam, juxta Aurifodinas,” August 1814, G. W. Freyreiss s.n. in Mus. Westin. (holotype: UPS-THUNB-9051-n.v., digital image!). Also see Moraes et al. (2014).

= Lavoisiera imbricata var. subserrulata Cogniaux (1888: 595) . syn. nov. Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Serra do Caraça, Glaziou 14755 (lectotype, here designated: BR-552058!; isolectotypes: BR-552091-n.v., online image!, K-53061-n.v., online image!, K-530632-n.v., online image!, P-5203718-n.v., online image!, R-9384-n.v., online image!, R-9384a-n.v., online image!).

= Lavoisiera cataphracta Martius & Schrank ex Candolle (1828: 102) . syn. nov. Type :— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: “In paludosis ad 400 pedes supra mare elevatis prope Taporoca et alibi in districtu Serro Frio” ( Diamantina ), C. F . P. Martius s.n. (holotype: M-1182-n.v., online image!, photos: CAS!, F, UEC!; isotypes: BR-518665-n.v., online image!, G-DC-n.v., online image!, M, photos: CAS!, UEC!) .

= Lavoisiera centiformis Naudin (1844: 151) . Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: “In permultis locis Brasiliae potissimum australis.” No type specimen of the nominate variety was found. Also see Martin & Cremers (2007).

= Lavoisiera centiformis var. clavata Naudin (1844: 152) . s yn. nov. Type:—(fide Martin & Cremers 2007): BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: “Cascade de Curmatay, aux limites du Desert et du district de Diamands,” A. Saint-Hilaire s.n. (Cat. C2, n°1 971) (syntype: P-n.v., online image!).

= Lavoisiera centiformis var. dendroides Naudin (1844: 152) . syn. nov. Type :— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: “Vers Capanema, 1843,” P. Claussen 12 (holotype: P-00245276-n.v., online image!; isotype: P-00723372-n.v., online image!).

= Lavoisiera centiformis var. imbricata Naudin (1844: 152) . syn. nov. Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Ouro Preto , P.Claussen 306 (syntype: P-n.v., online image!).

= Lavoisiera centiformis var. leucantha Naudin (1844: 153) . syn. nov. Type :— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: “Vers Itambé,” A. Saint-Hilaire & Lamotte s.n. (holotype: P-05317662-n.v., online image!; isotype: P-00723531-n.v., online image!).

= Lavoisiera compta Martius & Schrank ex Candolle (1828: 103) . Lavoisiera imbricata var. compta (Martius & Schrank ex Candolle) Chamisso (1834: 369) . syn. nov. Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: “Habitat in summo jugo Morro da Villa-Ricca dicto et alibi,” C. F. P. Martius s.n. (holotype: M-0213289-n.v., online image!, photos: CAS!, F!, NY!, UEC!; isotypes: BM!, G-DC-n.v., online image!).

= Lavoisiera insignis Candolle (1828: 103) . Lavoisiera imbricata var. insignis (Martius & Schrank ex Candolle) Chamisso (1834: 369) . syn. nov. Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Serra do Caraça, F. Sellow s.n. (holotype: G!; isotypes: B, destroyed, BR!, F!).

= Lavoisiera bergii Cogniaux in Martius (1883: 154). syn. nov. Type:— BRAZIL. Goiás: near Nossa Senhora d’Abidia , G. Gardner 4153 (lectotype, here designated: BM!; isolectotypes: BR-552167, n.v., online image!, K-000530635, n.v., online image!, G-2!, NY-2!, P-04888319, n.v., online image!, P-05317689, n.v., online image!, SP-002091, n.v., online image!, W!) .

= Lavoisiera compta var. rubrocincta Cogniaux in Martius (1883: 155). syn. nov. Type :— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: “In pascuis herbosis humidis ad Trindade,” J. E . Pohl 3955 (holotype, W!) .

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= Lavoisiera pectinata Cogniaux in Martius (1883: 155). syn. nov. Type :— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: without exact locality, G. Gardner 4574 (lectotype, here designated: G!; isolectotypes: BM!, K!, NY!) .

= Lavoisiera phyllocalycina Cogniaux in Martius (1883: 156). syn. nov. Type :— BRAZIL. São Paulo: without exact locality, H. L. Sello s.n. (lectotype, here designated: BR!; isolectotypes: B, destroyed, US!; photos of B isolectotype: F!, NY!) .

= Lavoisiera francavillana Cogniaux in Martius (1883: 158). syn. nov. Type :— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: “Habitat in locis humidis ad Serro Frio” ( Diamantina ), A.- C . Vauthier 19 (holotype: P!; isotypes: BR-520194!, G-DC-00318494-n.v., online image!, GH-00072341-n.v., online image!, P!) .

= Lavoisiera glazioviana Cogniaux in Martius (1883: 157). syn. nov. Type:— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: “ Ad Serra dos Orgãos ,” G. Gardner 381 (Lectotype, here designated: K!; isolectotypes: F!, G-2!, NY-2!, P, S!, US!, W-2!).

= Lavoisiera paulensis Cogniaux in A. & C . Candolle (1891: 89). syn. nov. Type :— BRAZIL. São Paulo: “Ad São José dos Campos,” 4–5/1887, J . de Moura 250 (holotype: BR!; isotype: B, destroyed, photos: F!, NY!) .

= Lavoisiera schwackeana Cogniaux in A. & C . Candolle (1891: 90). syn. nov. Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Serra de São José , A . F .M. Glaziou 16784 (holotype: P!, frag. at F!; isotypes: B, destroyed, photos: F!, G!, K!, NY!, RB!) .

= Lavoisiera minor Cogniaux in A. & C . Candolle (1891: 94). syn. nov. Type:— BRAZIL. Without exact locality, R . C . Mendonça 1217 (holotype: B, destroyed, photos: F!, NY!; isotype: BR!) .

= Lavoisiera caparaoensis Schwacke & Cogniaux in A. & C . Candolle (1891: 95). s yn. nov. Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Campos de Caparaó , E . Kromer ex C . A . W. Schwacke 6466 (holotype: RB!; isotype: BR!) .

= Lavoisiera britoana Barreto (1936: 67) . s yn. nov. Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: “Habitat in civitate Minas Gerais ad Riacho das Varas,” A. F. M. Glaziou 19255 (holotype: R-n.v., online image!; isotypes: BR-2!, G!, K!, RB!) .

Erect, rigid, dichotomously or fastigiately branched shrubs or subshrubs 0.3–1.5(–2) m tall, the distal branches sometimes flexuous, frequently perennating from a lignotuber. Branches and branchlets subrounded to rounded or obscurely quadrangular, furrowed longitudinally on opposite faces, glabrous, defoliating basally with age or sometimes leafy to the base; internodes 2–7 mm long with knobby thickenings that persist where a leaf has fallen away, nodes with short glandular trichomes. Leaves sessile to obscurely subsessile, semi-amplexicaul, densely imbricate and concealing the upper internodes varying to loosely imbricate with the internodes visible; blade 5–8 × 3–7.5 mm, rigid-coriaceous, ovate to oblong, base attenuate to subrounded, apex acute tapering to a short pungent trichome, margins typically callose to subcallose, varying to serrulate or shortly ciliate-serrulate, sparsely to copiously ciliate, the cilia 0.5–1 mm long, rigid, pungent, commonly eglandular but sometimes glandular, keeled, yellowish-green to green, glabrous on both surfaces or rarely shortly appressed setulose, mostly 1-nerved or sometimes with 1 to 3 inconspicuous lateral pairs, the midvein abaxially beset with subappressed eglandular or glandular trichomes or sometimes the trichomes reduced to serrulations or absent altogether. Flowers 6-merous (very rarely and anomalously 7-merous), mostly terminal, solitary and sessile on terminal or lateral branchlets but sometimes becoming central or pseudoaxillary with the elongation of lateral branchlets, occasionally with terminal clusters of short glomerulate branchlets. Bracts several, chartaceous to membranaceous, subsessile, 6 × 4 mm, ovate to oblong, tapered to a clawed base 1.5–2 mm long, apex acute, margins callose-ciliate (sometimes glandularly so), glabrous, 5-nerved, otherwise similar to the principal leaves. Hypanthium (at anthesis) 3–5 × 2.5 mm, 5.5 mm wide distally, campanulate to slightly constricted or urceolate, variously puberulous, the trichomes glandular or eglandular, appressed or spreading and usually restricted to a circular band mid-way or 2/3 up the hypanthium but sometimes varying to glabrous. Calyx tube inconspicuous, ca. 0.3 mm long; calyx lobes (at anthesis) 2.5–9 × 2–4 mm, ovate-oblong to oblong or oblong-triangular, somewhat obovate or spatulate, rarely suborbicular, typically membranaceous (rarely scarious) at anthesis but commonly scarious on fruiting hypanthia, green to greenish-yellow, cream, reddish-maroon, wine-red or whitish, often flushed or variously banded with red, black, or grayish pigmentation, apex shortly apiculate, margins entire to sparsely or moderately and diversely ciliate (the cilia 0.1–2 mm long), laciniate, ciliate-laciniate, or minutely and irregularly gland-edged, the cilia glandular or not, otherwise essentially glabrous on both surfaces or rarely with a few smooth antrorsely spreading trichomes spaced along the medial vein on the abaxial surface, persistent. Petals 8–27 × 4–10 mm, pink, sometimes pale pink or pink adaxially and dark pink-red abaxially (rarely and anomalously white with deeper pink venation), frequently with a yellow-white or cream base, occasionally with a dark pink or reddish longitudinal band along the exposed abaxial margins in bud (sometimes young buds distinctly white but petals pink when expanded), obovate to spatulate, apex subrounded and sometimes asymmetrically apiculate at the apex, base attenuate, margin entire or shortly glandular-ciliolate. Stamens 12, dimorphic: large (antesepalous) stamens 6, filaments ca. 7 mm long, white or yellow, anther thecae 3 × 0.6 mm, oblong, yellow at anthesis (brownish-purple following pollination), rostrum ca. 0.3 mm long, pedoconnective 3–5 mm long, white, yellow or purple, appendage 1 mm long, obscurely bilobed, yellow; small (antepetalous) stamens 6, filaments 5.5–6 mm long, white or yellow, anther thecae 2.5 × 0.7 mm,

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MARTINS & ALMEDA oblong, yellow at anthesis, purple-brown when dry, rostrum ca. 0.3 mm long, pedoconnective 2–3 mm long, appendage 0.5 mm long, rounded to inconspicuously lobed, yellow. Ovary 6-locular, almost totally or at least 4/5 inferior, style 5–6 mm long, straight to slightly curved at the apex, pink or yellow, glabrous, stigma punctiform. Fruiting hypanthium (including calyx lobes) 7–15 mm long, constricted above the ovary. Capsule (at maturity) 3–7 mm long, globose, enveloped by the persistent hypanthium and calyx lobes, dehiscing from the base to the apex. Seeds 0.60–0.82 × 0.28–0.51 mm, oblong to reniform or somewhat L-shaped, orangish-red to grayish-brown, periclinal cell walls of the testa convex and low domed becoming concave (foveolate), the raphal zone about 35% the length of the seed. Chromosome numbers: n=12, 13.

Illustrations:— Figures 43 ; 44 ; Thunberg (1817, t. 2, fig. 2.); Martius (1831: t. 265); Martius (1831: t. 266, as L. cataphracta ); Cogniaux (1883: t. 35, as L. pectinata ).

Photographic images:— Figures 3G, H ; 9C–F ; 10A, B .

Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting throughout the year.

Distribution and habitat:—Widespread from eastern Paraná north to São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, western Espírito Santo, west through many of the serras of Minas Gerais and disjunctly north to the Distrito Federal, Goiás (Chapada dos Veadeiros), and Bahia (Chapada Diamantina ) where it is locally common in habitats ranging from campo rupestre, grassy campo, seasonally inundated grassy areas, high elevation grassland, gallery forest margins, stream banks, disturbed sites, and fallow fields at 600–1850 m ( Figure 18). Over much of its range it tends to be restricted to damp sites or seepage areas; it has been collected much less frequently in cerrado where it tends to be restricted to river banks.

Conservation status:—This is the most widespread and commonly collected species with a wide elevational distribution. It is known from hundreds of collections and many populations are afforded protection in parks and reserves throughout its range. Its EOO is 731,407,327 km ² and its AOO is 260 km ². We recommend a classification of Least Concern (LC).

Discussion:— Lavoisiera imbricata is characterized by its ciliate, prevailingly 1(–3)-nerved leaves that are often (but not always) crowded to conceal internodes, 6-merous flowers, pink petals with a yellow-white or cream base, 6-locular ovary, and callose-thickened leaf margins. We have examined two anomalous collections that do not fit into the extensive variation discussed below. Almeda et al. 9670 from Pico do Itambé (Minas Gerais) has white petals with pink venation and Brade 19810 from Forno Grande (Espírito Santo) has spreading trichomes (some gland-tipped) on cauline internodes and leaves that lack the callose-thickened margins.

Lavoisiera imbricata exhibits an enormously complex pattern of variation with a multiplicity of forms that has defied our best attempts to recognize taxonomic units with consistent phenetic gaps and meaningful correlated character combinations. Most of the variation involves foliar size, the length, nature and abundance of the trichomes on foliar margins, calyx lobe shape, size, texture, and coloration, the kind of marginal cilia on calyx lobes, petal size, and the distribution and abundance of hypanthial pubescence. Foliar, hypanthial, and calyx lobe variations for the more extreme named variants are illustrated in Figure 44 . Long before many of the variants of L. imbricata had been given specific epithets, Chamisso (1834) recognized a single species for what he interpreted as a variable species and reduced the few named variants to synonymy.

Based on his study of the collections at Paris, Naudin (1844) also commented on the variable and polymorphic nature of L. imbricata . He proposed the superfluous name “centiformis ” (a hundred forms) for the entire species complex and described five varieties under that epithet (see Martin & Cremers, 2007 for actual names proposed) to accommodate the major variants that he could discern. Naudin admitted that it was difficult to define diagnostic characters for each of his proposed varieties and emphasized the difficulty in attempting to clarify a very confusing situation.

Cogniaux (1883) resurrected most of the taxa in this species complex described by his predecessors and formally proposed several other variants as species. Nine of the thirteen epithets here reduced to synonymy were described by Cogniaux (1883, 1891). Only one other, L. britoana Barreto ( Mello Barreto, 1936) , was described subsequent to Cogniaux’s treatments of the genus.

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We can empathize with Cogniaux’s attempt to bring some taxonomic order to this species complex because we have returned to it repeatedly, thinking that we could ultimately make some sense out of it. Some of the variants that Cogniaux recognized as species appear to represent modal extremes and appear distinctive if examined without the benefit of seeing dozens of other populations for comparison. In describing these variants as species, Cogniaux emphasized calyx lobe shape and length in relation to the hypanthium, whether the calyx lobes were scarious or not, whether the calyx lobes were adorned with cilia or not, and whether the cauline leaves were densely or laxly imbricate. Unfortunately, he never indicated whether he was observing these features on flowering or fruiting hypanthia. The calyx lobes of populations in this species complex are commonly membranaceous at anthesis but become scarious on fruiting hypanthia. In some populations the scarious nature of the calyx lobes is already evident in late anthesis. Calyx lobe length, coloration, and the presence of marginal cilia or glands appear to be constant from one population to another. In some populations the length of mature calyx lobes is two to three times that of mature hypanthia; in others, the calyx lobes and hypanthia are about equal or the calyx lobes are somewhat shorter than mature hypanthia. Calyx lobe coloration is also impressive but variable. The calyx lobes of some populations are uniformly red when fresh and dry to dark black or gray. In other populations, calyx lobe pigmentation takes the form of basal, apical or mid-length banding patterns. In some populations the calyx lobes are variously flushed with pigmentation that conforms to no repeatable pattern. In others, pigmentation appears to be lacking altogether. Considerable variation is also exhibited in calyx shape which ranges from ovate-oblong to oblong or somewhat obovate or spatulate, and in the nature of marginal cilia. In some populations the calyx lobes are entire while in others they are minutely (and irregularly) gland-edged. In those populations with distinctly ciliate calyx lobes, the cilia can be long (1–2 mm) or quite short (0.1 mm), the cilia can be uniformly glandular or eglandular, or in some cases a mixture of the two or a mixture of minute glands and elongate cilia. Unfortunately, none of these differences can be correlated with other characters in a consistent and meaningful way. Neither are

LAVOISIERA ( MELASTOMATACEAE )

Phytotaxa 315 (1) © 2017 Magnolia Press • 111 clinal patterns evident when available collections from the broad geographic range of the species are assembled for study. Every population exhibits a somewhat different permutation of technical but variable characters. Maintaining the several entities that have been described as species in this complex would necessitate the recognition of many other modally distinct populations because the named taxa do not begin to encompass the full range of variation encountered in this species. Even recognizing some of the modally distinct populations as varieties or subspecies would shed little light on the overall pattern of variation and would do nothing to accommodate all the intermediate forms. We have chosen the alternative conservative approach by treating all of the variation as part of one polymorphic species. A species with such bewildering variation is difficult to comprehend but we feel that an emphasis on the diagnostic and unifying characters enumerated at the beginning of this discussion is the only pragmatic approach based on available information.

In attempting to understand the pattern of variation in this species, the ochlospecies concept appears to apply. The ochlospecies concept was originally developed by White (1998) in an effort to understand the pattern of variation he encountered in his studies of African Ebenaceae . It has also been invoked to explain the complex phenotypic variation of selected species in other families, including a recent study of a member of the Velloziaceae that also grows in Brazilian campo rupestre ( Barbosa et al. 2012). According to White an ochlospecies is “a very variable (polymorphic) species, whose variation, though partly correlated with ecology and geography, is of such a complex pattern that it cannot be satisfactorily accommodated within a formal classification”. An ochlospecies presents chaotic patterns of infraspecific variation that are intractable to formal taxonomic treatment. The variation is distinct from the complicated patterns resulting from hybridization, autogamy, or apomixis. Cronk (1998) has enumerated the four strong traits that are essential to the ochlospecies concept and six weaker traits that are common but not essential as follows:

“Strong Traits:

1. 2.

3. 4. Species which show variation that is strongly polymorphic but only weakly polytopic (i.e. non-hierarchical).

Character-state distribution shows only partial correlation with geography and ecology (checkerboard variation).

Characters vary independently, and not in a correlated fashion.

Complexity of variation is not due to hybridization between currently recognizable species, or to a specialized breeding system (i.e. an ochlospecies is not a hybrid swarm or an aggregate of apomictic microspecies).”

“Weak traits:

1.

2. Ochlospecies are usually geographically and ecologically widespread, occurring in several climatic and vegetation zones.

Distinct variants are recognizable locally but not globally. At a particular locality two distinct and nonintergrading forms may be found, and other forms may be found at other localities, but taken together all the forms intergrade and the classification breaks down.”

For the additional four weak criteria, see Cronk (1998) who notes that to qualify as an ochlospecies, a species must have the first four strong traits and at least the two weak traits enumerated above. Lavoisiera imbricata clearly fits each of these six criteria. It also fits all of the other four weak critera. For example, L. imbricata has a closely related, but morphologically distinct, satellite species ( L. sampaioana ). Similar variants of L. imbricata occur in widely separated localities and appear to be polytopic in origin. Another characteristic of ochlospecies is that they tend to occur in medium to large genera with 50 or more species. We recognize 41 species of Lavoisiera but suspect that other novelties are likely to be discovered in the many areas throughout its range that have not been thoroughly explored. Lastly, ochlospecies often have long synonymies since the variation has driven a proliferation of at least a dozen names that eventually prove untenable (see above enumeration of species here relegated to synonymy).

Explaining the origin of the variation exhibited by Lavoisiera imbricata remains a challenge. Two hypotheses have been proposed to account for this kind of variation ( Cronk 1998). One invokes processes of isolation and refusion driven by Pleistocene climatic change. The other proposes that rapid population expansion of a colonizing generalist could result in the observed patterns without an allopatric phase. Either hypothesis seems plausible for L.

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MARTINS & ALMEDA imbricata . Ongoing spatial and environmental factors continue to promote the observed patterns of variation in L. imbricata . Its many isolated populations are evidently responding to different selection pressures over an extensive geographic area with highly dissected topography, diverse substrates, and variable moisture regimes.

Available information on the breeding system of Lavoisiera imbricata suggests that it is both self-compatible ( Santos et al. 2012) and allogamous ( Maia et al. 2016) with regular meiosis and the production of fertile pollen and seeds. Chromosome number information is still needed for many species of Lavoisiera . The two populations of L. imbricata for which chromosome numbers are provided here are distinctive and present the kind of character combination extremes typical of this species complex. Almeda et al. 7720 from near Carrancas, Minas Gerais, has comparatively small leaf blades (5 × 3 mm) that are minutely ciliate (0.2 mm long) and calyx lobes that are more or less uniformly flushed with black pigmentation and gland-edged with a sparse scattering of longer cilia (0.5 mm). Almeda et al. 7763 from Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, has larger leaf blades (11 × 4 mm) that are long-ciliate (1.5 mm), and calyx lobes that are long-ciliate (2 mm) and flushed with a distal band of pigmentation. Chromosome studies of both of these modally distinctive populations resulted in counts of n=12 with no meiotic irregularities. Solt & Wurdack (1980) reported mitotic chromosome counts of 2n=26 for two taxa in this complex from fieldcollected seeds that were greenhouse grown and identified as L. bergii and L. aff. pectinata . These numbers are clearly ascending aneuploids based on n=12. If verified for other populations of L. imbricata , these differing chromosome numbers may help to explain some of the extensive variation attributed here to this species.

Despite its widespread occurrence and sympatry with many other congeners Lavoisiera imbricata surprisingly does not appear to hybridize to any great extent with other species. For some rare instances of probable hybridization with L. bradeana , L. glandulifera , and L. itambana , see the discussions under those species.

Among described species, L. imbricata is very similar to L. sampaioana in habit and foliar morphology. See the discussion under the latter for diagnostic differences.

Additional specimens examined:— BAHIA: Mpio. Rio de Contas , estrada para Campo do Queiróz , próximo ao rio Brumadinho, 13°31'S, 41°53'W, Almeda et al. 8319 ( CAS!, UEC!) ; Mpio. Rio de Contas , Campo do Queiróz, Almeda et al. 8332 ( CAS!, UEC!) ; Mpio. Barreiras, estrada para Brasilia BR 242 . Estrada no Km 70 a partir da sede do municipio, ca. 23 km em direção a Cooperativa de Cotia, Amorim et al. 560 ( CEPEC!) ; Mpio. Abaíra , distrito de Catolés , caminho Barra-Ouro Fino , Campo de Pedra Grande, 13°14'S, 41°55'W, Ganev 226 ( CAS!, HUEFS!, NY!) ; Mpio. Piatã , estrada Piatã-Gerais da Tromba. Beira Rio de Contas, Serra da Tromba, Ganev 295 ( CAS!, HUEFS!, NY!) ; Mpio. Rio de Contas , WNW along road from Vila do Rio de Contas to the Pico das Almas, 13°33'S, 41°53'W, Harley 19791 ( CEPEC!) ; Fancas , Luetzelburg s.n. ( CAS!) ; Bom Jesus , Luetzelburg 86 ( M!) ; Luetzelburg 285 ( M!) ; Mpio. Abaíra , Campo de Ouro Fino (baixo), 13°15'S, 41°54'W, Lughadha & R. F. Queiroz H51008 ( CAS!, E, SP) ; Mpio. Rio de Contas , 4 km ao N de Rio de Contas, 13°32'S, 41°46'W, Mori et al. 12406 ( CEPEC!) ; Mpio. Rio de Contas , Pico das Almas, a 18 km ao SNW de Rio de Contas, Mori et al. 12540 ( CEPEC!, RB-2!, US!); Mpio. Catolés, Serra dos Cristais , 13°19'S, 41°52'W , V. C. Souza et al. 22932 ( CAS!, SP) ; Mpio. Abaíra , Tijuquinho, margem da mata, 13°16'S, 41°54'W, Stannard & R. F. Queiroz 52137 ( G!). DISTRITO FEDERAL: Mpio. Brasília , Rib. Sobradinho , Clayton 4931 ( US!); Mpio. Brasília , Parque Nacional , Cobra 595 (US-2!); Fazenda Agua Limpa, Olho d'Agua da Onça, 15°56'S, 47°54'W, Guimarães & C. F. R. Cardoso s.n. ( CAS!); Mpio. Brasília , Horto do Guará, Heringer 8284-476 ( NY!, US!); Mpio. Brasília, Reserva Ecológica do IBGE, Heringer et al. 66 ( CAS!, K!, MO!) ; Mpio. Brasília , Taguatinga , mata vizinha ao estádio Serejão, Heringer et al. 4826 ( K!, MBM!, MO!) ; Ca. 15 km E of Brasília , Irwin & Soderstrom 5769 ( B!, CAS!, NY!, RB!) ; Mpio. Brasília , Córrego Vicente Pires , near Tabatinga , Irwin et al. 8109 ( F!, NY!, US!); Mpio. Brasília , Córrego Landim, ca. 20 km NE of Brasília, Irwin et al. 15766 ( F!, MO!, NY!, RB!, US!); Mpio. Brasília, Jardim Zoológico, Irwin et al. 15889 ( NY!, US!); Mpio. Brasília, acampamento, Martins 53 ( R!) ; Mpio. Brasília , Parque Nacional de Brasília, 15°53'S, 47°56'W, Munhoz 74 ( G!) ; Mpio. Brasília , Reserva Biológica de Aguas Emendadas , B. Pereira 689 ( UEC!); Mpio. Brasília , Pereira & Pabst 4648 ( NY!, RB!) ; Rio S. Bartolomeu , Pereira 7421 ( NY!, RB!) ; 15 km due S of Brasília , Esplanada dos Ministérios, grounds of IBGE, Roncador , 15°56'S, 47°52'W, Plowman 9932 ( CAS!, F!, NY!, US!); Road Brasília to Taguatinga , Prance & Silva 59038 ( COL!, F!, K!, NY!, S!, US!) . ESPÍRITO SANTO: Mpio. Castelo, Forno Grande , Brade 19258 ( NY!, RB!, UEC!, US!); Mpio. Castelo , Forno Grande, Brade 19810 ( MO!, NY!) ; Mpio. Domingos Martins , Pedra Azul , Hatschbach & Silva 49409 ( MBM!, US!); Pico da Bandeira , Serra do Caparaó, Irwin 2777 ( US!); Pedra Azul, Domingos M. Martins, Km 89 da BR 262 , Pereira et al. 1334 ( CAS!, CEPEC!) . GOIÁS: Mpio. Corumbá de Goiás , Serra dos Pireneus , ca. 15 km (straight line) N of Corumbá de Goiás, Anderson et al.10447 ( C!, COL!, F!, MO!, NY!, R!, US!); Chapada dos

LAVOISIERA ( MELASTOMATACEAE )

Phytotaxa 315 (1) © 2017 Magnolia Press • 113 Veadeiros, G. M. Barroso et al. 619 ( UB!); Mpio. Alto Paraíso, Chapada dos Veadeiros, ca. 6 km leste de Alto Paraíso, 14°7'S, 47°30'W, Cardoso & Ferreira 65 ( UB!); Mpio. Cristalina, 4 km a direita do Km 92 da Rod. Brasília-Belo Horizonte ( BR 040), a 100 m da margem do Rio Topázio, Cares 4 ( UB!); Mpio. Cristalina, Fazenda Batalha, Filgueiras & Alvarenga 1441 ( UEC!); Gardner 4154 ( W!); Glaziou 21319 ( C!); Chapada dos Veadeiros, ca. 12 km NW of Veadeiros, Irwin et al. 9368 ( B!, NY!); Serra dos Pireneus , 15 km N of Corumbá de Goiás on road to Niquelândia, Irwin et al. 18727 ( MO!, NY!, UB!, UEC!, US!); ca. 20 km NW of Corumbá de Goiás, near road to Niquelândia, Irwin et al. 19395 ( NY!, UB!, US!); Morro das Pedras, ca. 35 km NE of Patrocínio, Irwin et al. 25639 ( B!, COL!, F!, G!, MO!, NY!, RB!, S!); ca. 20 km N of Alto do Paraíso, Irwin et al. 32158 ( BM!, C!, F!, NY!); entre Paraíso e Cavalcanti, Mello Filho & L. Emygdio 4324 ( R!, S!); Mpio. Alto Paraíso, 15 km de Alto Paraíso em direção a Teresina de Goiás, 13°46'S, 47°30'W, Munhoz et al. 148 ( UB!); Mpio. Cristalina, Linda Serra dos Topázios, R. Oliveira et al. 134 ( UB!). MINAS GERAIS: Mpio. Carrancas, Cachoeira Tico-Tico Salomão Moinho, 21°30'S, 49°39'W, Almeda et al. 7720 (CAS-2!, MO!, UEC!); Mpio. Lavras Novas, Serra de Lavras Novas, Almeda et al. 7737 ( CAS!, UEC!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, entre Km 112 e 113 na estrada para Conceição do Mato Dentro, 19°10'S, 43°30'W, Almeda et al. 7763 ( CAS!, MO!, NY!, UEC!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Km 126 na estrada para Conceição do Mato Dentro, 19°10'S, 43°30'W, Almeda et al. 7774 ( CAS!, MO!, NY!, UEC!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Km 116 na estrada para Conceição do Mato Dentro, 19°10'S, 43°30'W, Almeda et al. 7802 ( CAS!, MO!, UEC!); Mpio. Aiuruoca, off the road between Caxambu and Aiuruoca about 5 km before reaching Aiuruoca, Almeda et al. 8345 ( CAS!, MO!, UEC!); Distrito of Conceição do Ibitipoca. Parque Estadual de Ibitipoca. Trail to Pico de Lombada (Pico de Ibitipoca), 21°41'S, 43°53'W, Almeda et al. 8352 ( CAS!, UEC!); Distrito of Conceição do Ibitipoca. Parque Estadual de Ibitipoca. Trail to Pico de Lombada (Pico de Ibitipoca), 21°41'S, 43°53'W, Almeda et al. 8356 ( CAS!, NY!, UEC!); Mpio. Tiradentes, Serra de São José, 21°5'S, 44°9'W, Almeda et al. 8373 ( CAS!, UEC!); Mpio. Moeda, Serra da Moeda. 2 km beyond the BR number 040 intersection along the road to Moeda, 20°16'S, 43°57'W, Almeda et al. 8383 ( CAS!, MO!, UEC!); Mpio. Ouro Preto, Vicinity of Cachoeira das Andorinhas, 20°21'S, 43°29'W, Almeda et al. 8401 ( CAS!, MO!, NY!, UEC!); Mpio. Presidente Kubitschek, Along the road between Presidente Kubitschek and Congonhas do Campo, 18°37'S, 43°35'W, Almeda et al. 8438 ( CAS!, UEC!); Mpio. Datas, Fazenda Brauna de Cima, 19 km S of Diamantina , 18°19'S, 43°41'W, Almeda et al. 8446 ( CAS!, UEC!); Mpio. Diamantina , 17 km S of the old train station in Diamantina , 18°20'S, 43°32'W, Almeda et al. 8493 ( CAS!, MO!, NY!, UEC!); Mpio. Diamantina , 17 km S of the old train station in Diamantina , 18°20'S, 43°32'W, Almeda et al. 8494 ( CAS!, MO!, NY!, UEC!); Mpio. Diamantina , 4 km W of Hwy No. MG 220 along the road to Conselheiro Mata , 18°16'S, 43°42'W, Almeda et al. 8498 ( CAS!, MO!, UEC!); Mpio. Joaquim Felício, Serra do Cabral, 23.7 km N of Joaquim Felício, 17°41'S, 44°17'W, Almeda et al. 8514 ( CAS!, MO!, UEC!); Mpio. Joaquim Felício, Serra do Cabral, 23.9 km N of Joaquim Felício at Armazem de Laje, 17°42'S, 44°17'W, Almeda et al. 8525 ( CAS!, UEC!); Mpio. Joaquim Felício, Serra do Cabral, 16 km S of Armazem de Laje and 8 km N of Joaquim Felício, 17°42'S, 44°11'W, Almeda et al. 8542 ( CAS!, MO!, UEC!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, between Kms 111 and 112 along the road from Lagoa Santa to Conceição do Mato Dentro, 19°17'S, 43°34'W, Almeda et al. 8558 ( CAS!, MO!, UEC!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, between Kms 111 and 112 along the road from Lagoa Santa to Conceição do Mato Dentro, 19°17'S, 43°34'W, Almeda et al. 8560 ( CAS!, NY!, UEC!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, 20 km beyond turnoff to Serra Morena off the road from Lagoa Santa to Conceição do Mato Dentro, 19°14'S, 43°30'W, Almeda et al. 8582 ( CAS!, UEC!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Açude de Cima ca. 36 km from Distrito Cardeal Mota along road to Lapinha, 19°8'S, 43°41'W, Almeda et al. 8586 ( CAS!, UEC!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó. 49 km from Distrito Cardeal Mota along rutted unpaved road to Pico do Breu, 19°2'S, 43°42'W, Almeda et al. 8599 ( CAS!, MO!, UEC!); Serra do Caraça, Parque do Caraça on the trail to Pico Inficionado, 20˚8’2” S, 43˚27’54.7” W, Almeda et al. 8885 ( CAS!, UEC!); Pico do Itambé, trail to the summit upslope from Santo Antônio do Itambé, 18˚24’5.9” S, 43˚19’3” W, Almeda et al. 9022 ( CAS!, UEC!); Mpio. São Roque de Minas, Serra da Canastra National Park, 3 km beyond the visitor center off the road to Cachoeira Casca d’Anta parte alta, 20˚14.985’ S, 46˚26.229’ W, Almeda et al. 9032 ( BHCB!, CAS!, COL!, UEC!, US!); Mpio. de Serro, Distrito of Milho Verde, 18˚28.055’ S, 43˚29.53’ W, Almeda et al. 9053 ( BHCB!, CAS!, MO!, NY!, UEC!); Mpio. de Serro, 4.2 km from Milho Verde on the road to Capivari, 18˚27.79’ S, 43˚27.125’ W, Almeda et al. 9078 ( CAS!, UEC!); Mpio. Diamantina , 13 km S of the main plaza in Diamantina on the road to São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras, 18˚18.884’ S, 43˚33.072’ W, Almeda et al. 9096 ( BHCB!, CAS!, K!, NY!, UEC!); Mpio. Diamantina , 4 km beyond Mendanha, 18˚5.498’ S, 43˚32.958’ W, Almeda et al. 9114 ( BHCB!, BM!, CAS!, RB!, UEC!); Mpio.

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Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, about 23 km from the bridge over the Rio Cipó on the road to Conceição do Mato Dentro, 19˚15’34.8”S, 43˚33’10.8”W, Almeda et al. 9174 (CAS!, UEC!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, about 23–24 kms from the bridge over the Rio Cipó on the road from Serra do Cipó (formerly Cardeal Mota), about 38 km S of Conceição do Mato Dentro on a temporary detour road while the main Serra do Cipó/Conceição road was being paved, 19˚14’49.3”S, 43˚30’42.7”W, Almeda et al. 9200 (BHCB!, CAS!, COL!, RB!, UEC!); Mpio. Conceição do Mato Dentro, Parque Natural do Riberão do Campo (Tabuleiro), 22 km from the center of Conceição do Mato Dentro, upslope from the visitor center, 19˚4’30.2”S, 43˚32’51.9”W, Almeda et al. 9215 (BHCB!, CAS!, MICH!, UEC!); Mpio. Diamantina , N side of road at junction of Hwy MG 220 and the road to Conselheiro Mata , -18.26992, -43.68439, Almeda et al. 9601 (BHCB!, CAS!, NY!, UEC!); Mpio. Santo Antônio do Itambé, Parque Estadual do Pico do Itambé, from the Fazenda at 1367 m to the summit of the Pico at 2039 m, along main trail, -18.39868, -43.34816, Almeda et al. 9670 (BHCB!, CAS!, NY!, K!, RB!, UEC!); Mpio. Santo Antônio do Itambé, Parque Estadual do Pico do Itambé, from the Fazenda at 1367 m to the summit of the Pico at 2038 m, along the main trail, -18.39868, -43.34816, Almeda et al. 9671 (BHCB!, CAS!, NY!, RB!, UEC!); Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, MG 010, 19°20'S, 43°37'W, Almeida 242 (RB!); Mpio. Tiradentes, Serra de São José, 21°5'S, 44°10'W, Alves 615 ( US!); Serra de São José, Alves 4323 (RB!); Mpio. Prados, Serra de São José, pico 1425 e arredores, Alves 5262 (R!); Mpio. Carrâncas, Serra de Carrâncas , arredores do Poço Escondido, Alves 5272 (R!); Mpio. Conceição do Mato Dentro, Alvim & J. Oliveira s.n. (UEC!); Serra do Espinhaço, ca. 35 km SW of Gouveia, Km 243 on MG 259, Anderson et al. 35078 (CAS!, MO!, NY!, UB!, US!); Mpio. Diamantina , 12 km by road W of Diamantina on road to Curvelo, Anderson 8433 (F!, MO!, NY!, RB!, US!); Estrada Serro-Milho Verde, Andrade & Horta 1 (BHCB!); Mpio. Lima Duarte, Parque Estadual de Ibitipoca, Andrade 900 (UEC!); Parque Est. Ibitipoca/ Lima Duarte, P. Andrade et al. 1145 (BHCB!); Mpio. Ouro Preto, Alto das Dores, R. Andrade s.n. (BHCB!); Mpio. Diamantina , 20–26 km WSW de Diamantina , camino a Conselheiro Mata, MG 220, 18°17'S, 43°49'W, Arbo et al. 4418-B (SPF!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Km 131, Archer & Barreto 4903 (F!, NY!, RB!, US!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Km 135, estrada Lagoa Santa-Conceição do Mato Dentro, Barbosa s.n. (CAS!); Mpio. Ouro Preto, Barboza 25 (R!); Mpio. Grão Mogol, Córrego Escurona, próximo à estrada, R. Barreto et al. CFCR 11954 ( US!); Mpio. Conselheiro Matta, Brade 13428 (RB!, S!); Mpio. Baipendi, São Tomé das Letras, Brade & A. Duarte 20454 (RB!); Mpio. Diamantina , M. M. N. Braga & Chaves 439 (CAS!); Morro Cavado, vertente de Mauá, Castellanos 23346 ( US!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Km 120, Conceição do Mato Dentro, Castro s.n. (CAS!); Mpio. Joaquim Felício, Serra do Cabral, Bocaina, Cerati et al. 197 (CAS!, COL!); Mpio. Joaquim Felício, Serra do Cabral, Bocaina, Cerati et al. 212 (CAS!); Mpio. Gouveia, Fazenda Batieiro, ca. 4 km da sede da fazenda, Cerati et al. CFCR 4257 (CAS!, SPF!, US!); Mpio. Ouro Preto, 8 km a l'E de la ville, Camarinhas, Chautems et al. 24 (K!, MICH!, US!); Claussen s.n. (S!); Claussen s.n. (K); Mpio. Capanema, Claussen 12 (CAS!, G!, K!, M,! MO!, NY-4!, P!, W-4!); Mpio. Ouro Preto, Claussen 174 (CAS!, F!, G-2!, K!, MO!, NY-2!, W!); Claussen 244 (BM!); Claussen 306 (MICH!, NY!); Claussen 604 (B!, C!, NY-2!, R!, S-2!, US!); Mpio. Ouro Preto, Cochran s.n. ( US!); Rio Vermelho. Platô Pedra Menina, Cordeiro et al. CFCR 10258 (CAS!, SPF!, US!); Serra da Canastra , nascente do São Francisco, L. V. Costa & Torres 3 (BHCB!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Damazio s.n. (RB!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Damazio s.n. (RB!); Serra do Cabral, entrada de Buenopolis, Davis et al. 2295 (UEC!); Serra do Cabral, Rodovia Joaquim Felício-Pirapora, Davis et al. 2503 (UEC!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Km 140 de estrada do Morro do Pilar, Duarte 2469 (B!, F!, MO!, RB!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Km 131, Palácio, Duarte 2546 (F!, MO!, NY!, RB!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Km 136, Duarte 2720 (G!, NY!, RB!); Cascata-Patos de Minas. Estação Exp. do Estado de Minas, Duarte 2946 (NY!, RB!, UEC!, US!); Mpio. Itabirito, ao lado da estrada de Ouro Preto para Belo Horizonte, a 53 km de Escola de Farmácia de Ouro Preto e a 22 km da cidade Cachoeira do Campo, Fontella 1134 (RB!); Mpio. Couto Magalhães, Fazenda das Abóboras, Furlan et al. CFCR 4544 (CAS!, K!, SPF!, US!); Gardner 4576 (K!); 85 km N de Corinto, Serra do Cabral, estrada para Joaquim Felício, Gibbs et al. 5036 (UEC!); 20 km S de Diamantina, serra na estrada para Conselheiro Mata, Gibbs et al. 8172 (UEC!); Fazenda Batieiro, ca. 4 km da sede da fazenda, Giulietti et al. 4257 (CAS!); Mpio. Santa Bárbara, Serra do Caraça, Glaziou 14755 (G!, K!, LE!, P-2!); Serra de S. José d'El Rei, Glaziou 16782 (CAS!, G!, LE!); Mpio. Rodrigo Silva, near Ouro Preto, Glaziou 19250a (BR!, P!); Riacho das Varas, Glaziou 19253 (BR-2!, C!, K!, P!, R!); Glaziou 19254 (BR!, C!, K!, LE!); Glaziou 19255 (K); Rio das Pedras à Matto Grande, Glaziou 19256 (BR!, C!, G!, K!, LE!, P!, R!); Glaziou 21320 (BM!, C!, G!, K!, LE!); Mpio. Uberlândia, Guilherme 68 (CAS!); Mpio. Buenópolis, Serra do Cabral, a 10–15 km da cidade, na estrada para a Lapa Pintada, 17°53'S, 44°15'W, Harley et al. 24928

LAVOISIERA ( MELASTOMATACEAE )

Phytotaxa 315 (1) © 2017 Magnolia Press • 115 (CAS!, MO!, US!); Mpio. Conceição do Mato Dentro, Pito Aceso, Hatschbach & Nicolack 52924 (BR!, C!, CAS!, MBM!, MO!, S!, US!); Mpio. Presidente Kubitcheck, Rod. BR 259, Km 433, Hatschbach et al. 51007 (BR!, C!, MBM!, S!, US!); Mpio. Monte Azul, Serra do Espinhaço, estrada via Montividiu, Hatschbach et al. 65013 (MBM!); Serra da Conceição (Serra B. Vista) . Encosta norte do Monte Boa Vista, Hensold et al. CFCR 2881 (CAS!, SPF!, US!); Mpio. Diamantina , Road to Serro, 7–11 km from the junction with the Diamantina-Extração rd, 18°19'S, 43°30'W, Hensold 347 (MICH!, SPF!); Chapada das Perdizes, Serra do Carranca, Heringer 233 (CAS!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Serra da Salitreira , Horta & Andrade 155 (MBM!, SPF!); Serra da Moeda , Horta et al. 196 (BHCB!, SPF!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Km 115 (ca. 140 km N of Belo Horizonte), Irwin et al. 20494 (CAS!, MO!, NY!, UB!, US!); Serra do Espinhaço at Lapinha, ca. 18 km N of Serro on road MG 2 to Diamantina, Irwin et al. 20689 (CAS!, MO!, NY!, UB!, US!); Serra do Espinhaço, ca. 27 km N of Serro on road MG 2 to Diamantina, Irwin et al. 20956 (CAS!, MO!, NY!, US!); Serra do Cabral, ca. 3 km W of Cantoni, Irwin et al. 27245 (NY!, UB!); ca. 15 km E of Diamantina, Irwin et al. 27806 (CAS!, MO!, NY!, UB!, US!); Summit of Serra do Caraça, Irwin et al. 29051 (C!, F!, NY!, US!); Summit Serra do Caraça, Irwin et al. 29231 (F!, NY!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Km 139 ao longo da Rodovia Lagoa Santa, Joly et al. 1894 (UEC!); Mpio. de Jaboticatubas, ao longo da Rodovia Lagoa Santa/Conceição do Mato Dentro/ Diamantina , estrada da Usina, Joly et al. 2257 (UEC!); Mpio. de Jaboticatubas, Km 128 ao longo da Rodovia Lagoa Santa/Conceição do Mato Dentro/ Diamantina, Joly et al. 2447 (UEC!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, 14 km due N of the bridge over the Rio Cipó, King & Almeda 8371 (CAS!, UB!, US!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, 1–4 km N of Alto do Palácio, King & Almeda 8398 (CAS!, K!, UB!, US!); Morro da Onça, Serra do Cabral, Kral et al. 72603A (CAS!, SPF!); Mpio. Joaquim Felício, Cerro do Cabral, N of Bocaina, NW of Joaquim Felício, Kral et al. 72644 (CAS!, SPF!); Mpio. Grão Mogol, Above Rio Itacambiruçu, ca. 8 km WSW of Grão Mogol, Vargem do Quartel, Kral et al. 72710 (CAS!); Jardim alto da Serra da Gramma , distrito de Carangola, Kuhlmann 58 (RB!, UEC!); Jardim alto da Serra da Gramma , distrito de Carangola, Kuhlmann 2467 ( US!); Serra do Calixto, Lanstyack 55998 (RB!); Mpio. Tiradentes, Leitão Filho et al. 19330 (UEC!); Mpio. Carangola, Fazenda Neblina, Leoni 241 (CEPEC!); Mpio. Araponga, Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro, Serra da Arapoonga , faz. Neblina, 20°43'S, 42°29'W, Lombardi 964 (BHCB!); Mpio. São Gonçalo do Rio Preto, Parque Estadual do Rio Preto, 18°8'S, 43°21'W, Lombardi 3024 (BHCB!); Serra da Mantiqueira, Pacáu, Lutz 397 (R!); Serra da Mantiqueira, Pacáu, Lutz 409a (R!); Serra da Mantiqueira, Pacáu, Lutz 409 (R!); Pacau, Lutz 409b (R!); Mpio. Ouro Preto, Macedo 2807 (MO!, US!); 20–30 km south of Gouveia road between Diamantina and Curvelo, Maguire et al. 49196 (NY!, R!); Mpio. Santa Bárbara, Colégio do Caraça, caminho da Cachoeirinha, Marcondes-Ferreira et al. 172 (SPF!); Mpio. Brumadinho, Serra da Calçada (Serra da Moeda) , Retiro das Pedras, 20°8'S, 44°13'W, Martens 270 (SPF!); Mpio. Botumirim, Serra da Canastra, Martinelli et al. 11281 (BHCB!, NY!, RB!); E. W. Martius 919 (BM!, G-2!, NY!, US!, W!); Mpio. Ouro Preto, Cachoeira das Andorinhas, Mautone et al. 694 (RB!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Km 133, Mello Barreto & Brade 1307 (F!, NY!); Mpio. Ouro Preto, Mello Barreto & Viegas 6401 (IAC!); Alto do Caboclo, Mello Barreto s.n. (RB); Mpio. Santa Bárbara, Serra do Caraça, Mello Barreto 318 (UEC!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Mello Barreto 361 (UB!); Mpio. Santa Bárbara, Serra do Caraça, Mello Barreto 365 (F!, NY!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Km 133, Mello Barreto 1307 (F!, RB!, US!); Mpio. São João d'el Rei, Alto da Serra do Lenheiro, Mello Barreto 4809 (F!, NY!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Km 133, Mello Barreto 4981 (F!, NY!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Mello Barreto 7049 (F!, NY!); Mpio. Belo Horizonte, Serra da Mutuca, Mello Barreto 8794 (F!, NY!); Mpio. Ouro Preto, Falcao, Mello Barreto 9008 (BHCB ex BHMH!, F!, NY!); Mpio. Ouro Preto, Morro de Santa Anna, Serra de Ouro Preto, Mello Barreto 9009 (F!, NY!); Mpio. Ouro Preto, Alto de Caboclo, Mello Barreto 9010 (F!, NY!); Mpio. Diamantina, Serra do Palmital, Fazenda do Clarindo, Mello Barreto 9785 (BHCB ex BHMH!, F!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Km 133, Mello Barreto 14709 ( US!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Mello Filho, L. Emygdio et al. 2217 (R!); Mpio. Furnas, Ribeirão das Pacas-Cascata, Mello Filho, L. Emygdio et al. 2309 (R!); Gandarela, Mello Filho, L. Emygdio et al. 3285 (NY!, R!); Gandarela, Mello Filho, L. Emygdio et al. 3286 (NY!, R!); Gandarela, Mello Filho, L. Emygdio et al. 3343 (R!); Mpio. Diamantina , 20–26 km WSW de Diamantina , camino a Conselheiro Mata , 18°17'S, 43°49'W, Mello-Silva et al. 4418B (SPF!, US-2!); Mpio. Lima Duarte, Serra de Ibitipoca, Mendes Magalhães 421 (BHCB ex BHMH!, NY!); Mpio. Itambé, Base da Serra, Mendes Magalhães 18945 ( US!); Mpio. Gouveia, Fazenda Contagem, Menezes et al. CFCR 9565 (CAS!, SPF!, UEC!, US!); Mpio. Carangola, Top of Serra da Gramma , Mexia 4290 (BM!, CAS!, F!, G!, MO!, NY!, S!, US!); Mpio. Diamantina , near Km 1887 of railroad, in thickety hollow, Mexia 5701 (BM!, CAS!, F!, G!, MICH!, MO!, NY!, R!, S!, US!); Mpio. Diamantina ,

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MARTINS & ALMEDA

Roadside, near Guinda, Mexia 5746 (CAS!, F!, G!, K!, MICH!, MO!, NY!, R!, S!, US!); Mpio. São Roque de Minas, Cachoeira da Casca D'Anta, trilha para a guarita de baixo, Nakajima et al. 1073 (CAS!, HUFU, US!); Mpio. São Roque de Minas, Vale da nascente do rio São Francisco, Nakajima et al. 1869 (CAS!, HUFU); Mpio. São Roque de Minas, Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra , córrego antes da Garagem de Pedras, Nakajima et al. 2209 (CAS!, HUFU); Mpio. São Roque de Minas, Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra, Chapadão do Diamante, Nakajima et al. 2324 (CAS!, HUFU); Mpio. São Roque de Minas, Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra , trilha para a parte de baixo da Cachoeira Casca D'Anta, Nakajima et al. 2406 (CAS!, HUFU); Mpio. São Roque de Minas, Serra da Canastra , estrada para o sítio João Domingos, Nakajima & Romero 1809 (CAS!, HUFU); L. Netto et al. Cat. 14780 ( US); L. Netto s.n. (BR-2!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Km 131, Occhioni s.n. (RB!); Pereira 2562 (B!, RB!); Serra de Ouro Branco, Pereira 2948 (B!, RB!); Mpio. Santa Bárbara, Serra do Caraça, Pereira & Pabst 2554 (B!, F!, RB!); Serra do Itacolomi, Pereira & Pabst 3052 (NY!, RB!); Serra do Itacolomi, Pereira & Pabst 3066 (B!, F!, RB!); Serra do Itacolomi, Pereira & Pabst 3068 (RB!); Serra do Itacolomi, Pereira & Pabst 3072 (RB!); Mpio. Ouro Preto, nos barrancos da estrada para Mariana, Pereira & Pabst 3087 (RB!); Mpio. Santa Bárbara, Caraça, Serra do Lenheiro, Pereira & Pabst 3149 (B!, NY!, RB!, US!); Mpio. Datas, Morro do Coco, 3 km da cidade em direção a Diamantina, Pirani et al. CFCR 8019 (CAS!); Mpio. Caldas, Regnell Ser. II No. 113 (C!, F!, M!, NY!, R-2!, S-3!, US-2!, W!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, near Hotel Chapéu de Palha, Renner 2124 (CAS!, US!); Mpio. Delfinópolis, estrada para a Babilônia, Romero & Nakajima 3433 (CAS!, HUFU); Mpio. São Roque de Minas, estrada para a Cachoeira Casca D'Anta, Romero & Nakajima 3477 (CAS!, HUFU); Mpio. São Roque de Minas, Serra Brava , próximo ao Mirante, Romero et al. 2993 (HUFU, US!); Mpio. São Roque de Minas, Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra , nascente do córrego dos Peixes, Romero et al. 4036 (CAS!, HUFU); Mpio. Carrancas, estrada para Cachoeira da Toca, 21°30'S, 44°39'W, Romero et al. 5254 (CAS!, HUFU); Mpio. Ouro Branco, Serra de Ouro Branco , subida para o Cruzeiro, próximo ao topo da serra, Romero et al. 5280 (CAS!, HUFU); Mpio. Serro, estrada para o Distrito Milho Verde, ca. 6 km da cidade de Serro, Romero et al. 5376 (CAS!, HUFU); Mpio. Sto. Antônio do Itambé, Morro do Pico do Itambé, 18°25'S, 43°21'W, L. Rossi et al. CFCR 3008 (CAS!, SPF!, US!); Serra da Canastra, Saint-Hilaire C 1-404 (P!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Km 104 em direção à Conceição do Mato Dentro, Salatino et al. 31 (UEC!); Entre Corinto e Tres Marias, R. S. Santos & Castellanos 24161 (M!, MBM!, NY!, US!); Serra de Itabira do Campo, Schwacke s.n. (RB!); Schwacke 377 (W!); Mpio. Ouro Preto, Schwacke 5482 (RB!); Mpio. Ouro Preto, Serra de Ouro Preto, Schwacke 9186 (RB!); Serra do Capanema, Schwacke 9285 (BR!, F!, RB!, W!); Mpio. Itacolomi, Schwacke 10313 (F!, RB!); Serra de Picú, Sello et al. s.n. (R!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Km 128 ao longo da Rodovia Lagoa Santa-Conceição do Mato Dentro, Semir & Sazima 2084 (UEC!); Parque Nacional da Serra de Canastra , entre Piumhi e Araxá, ca. 80 km de Piumhi, Shepherd et al. 7160 (UEC!); Mpio. Santa Bárbara, Caraça, 19°58'S, 43°27'W, F. da Silva 29 (ALCB!, MBM!, R!, US!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, 6 km N of Palacio, Smith et al. 6850 (F!, NY!, R!, S!); Parque Estadual de Ibitipoca, H. C. de Sousa & Andrade 107 (UEC!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Fazenda Cachoeira da Capivara, V. C. Souza et al. 11637 (CAS!); Mpio. Joaquim Felício, Serra do Cabral, 17°42'S, 44°11'W, V. C. Souza et al. 22427 (CAS!); Mpio. Diamantina , estrada entre Diamantina e Conselheiro Mata , ca. 24 km de Diamantina, V. C. Souza et al. 23107 (CAS!); Mpio. Paracatú, 17 km E of Rio Paracatú, 17°24'S, 46°43'W, Thomas et al. 5921 (CAS!, NY!); Serra do Itacolomi, Ule 2532 (BR!, R!, US!); Mpio. São Tomé das Letras, Próximo a Gruta de Sobradinho, Valente & A. A. Azevedo 56 (UEC!); Mpio. Thermopolis, Chapadão do Jacuhy, Vidal I-878 (F!, R!); Mpio. Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó entre Chapéu do Sol e Posto Palácio, Vidal 6114 (R!); Mpio. Joaquim Felício, Serra do Cabral, estrada para Armazem de Lage, Wanderley & Kral 1391 (CAS!, NY!); Mpio. Nova Lima, Serra da Mutuca , vicinity of Lagoa Grande, Williams & Assis 5813 (DS!); Mpio. Nova Lima, Lagoa Grande, Williams & Assis 6566 (BR!, F!, MO!, NY!, R!, RB!, S!, US!); Mpio. Diamantina, Córrego dos Cristais , 15 km NE of Diamantina, Williams & Assis 8162 ( US!). PARANÁ: 14 km NE of Jaguariaíva on BR 151 (the highway between Itararé and Ponta Grossa), 24˚10’55.5”S, 49˚36’57”W, Almeda et al. 9227 (BHCB!, BM!, CAS!, MO!, UEC!); Mpio. Jaguariaíva, Parque Estadual do Cerrado, 24°14'S, 49°41'W, Cervi & E. P. Santos 6145 (NY!); Mpio. Jaguariaíva, Dusen 9584 (C!, F!, MICH!, NY!, US!); Mpio. Jaguariaíva, Dusen 11964 (F!, K!, MICH!, MO!, NY!, US!); Mpio. Piraí do Sul, área da Pousada Serra do Piraí, bacia do Rio Cambará, 24°28’03”S, 50°01’27”W, Goldenberg et al. 1651 (NY!); Mpio. Tibagi, Quartelá, Canyon Rio Iapó, próximo a Cascata Ponte de Pedra, Hatschbach & E. Barbosa 58195 (CAS!, W!); Mpio. Piraí do Sul, Serra das Furnas, Hatschbach & J. M. Silva 51934 (CAS!, MBM!); Entre Jaguariaíva e Arapoti, Hatschbach 18928 (C!, F!); Mpio. Arapoti, Rio das Perdizes, Hatschbach 24131 (MBM!, MO!, NY!); Jaguariaíva, Hoehne s.n.

LAVOISIERA ( MELASTOMATACEAE )

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(CAS!); Murtinho, Rombauts s.n. (IAC!, BHCB ex BHMH!); Mpio. São Bento, Rincão da Serra, Schwacke 2609 (RB!); Estrada entre Ponta Grossa e Itararé, Km 203, Shepherd & J. B. Andrade 6157 (UEC!). RIO DE JANEIRO: Serra dos Orgãos, Pedra Roncador, Brade 16354 (RB!); Mpio. Itatiaia, Planalto, Brade 20200 (B!, F!, G!, NY-2!, S!); Serra do Imbé Pedra da Republica, Brade & S. Lima 11732 (R!); Mpio. Itatiaia, Rio D'ouro, Campos Porto 2752 (B!, MO!, NY!, RB!, US!); Alto da Serra dos Orgãos, Glaziou 9449 (BR!, C!, K!, P!, RB!); Alto da Serra dos Orgãos, Glaziou 15962 (BR!, C!, G!, K!, LE!, NY!, P-4!, R!, US!); Serra dos Orgãos, Glaziou 15963 (S!); Serra dos Orgãos, Glaziou 16783 (C!, G!, LE!, MO!, RB!, US!); Mpio. Santa Maria Madalena, Parque Estadual do Desengano, Pedra do Desengano, Vertente SE, Martinelli et al. 11997 (RB!); Mpio. Santa Maria Madalena, Parque Estadual do Desengano, Pedra do Desengano, Vertente NW, Martinelli et al. 13166 (RB!); Mpio. Friburgo, Mendonça 15 ( US!); Serra dos Orgãos, Rizzini 446 (RB!); Mpio. Santa Maria Madalena, Pedra da República, Santos Lima 344 (RB!); Mpio. Santa Maria Madalena, Alto do Desengano, Santos Lima & Brade 13232 (RB!); Mpio. Santa Maria Madalena, Serra da Forquilha, Santos Lima & Brade 14261 (MO!, NY!, RB!, US!). SÃO PAULO: Mpio. Campos do Jordão, Bailey & Bailey 817 (NY!); Mpio. Campos do Jordão, Parque da Ferradura, 22°34'S, 47°33'W, Barreto et al. 1083 (ESA!, UEC!); Mpio. São Carlos, Fazenda São José do Lobo, 22°15'S, 47°53'W, Barreto et al. 2406 (ESA!); Mpio. Campos do Jordão, Campos Porto 3149 (BM-2!, MO!, NY- 2!, RB!, US-2!); Mpio. Campos do Jordão, Campos Porto 3154 (NY!, RB!); Mpio. Itararé, na margen direita do Rio Verde, Carvalho et al. s.n. (FUEL!, UEC!); Mpio. Itararé, Margem direita do Rio Verde, Finotti et al. 14782 (CAS!); Mpio. Itaberá, Estação Ecológica de Itaberá, Engenheiro Maia, Godoi et al. 122 (CAS!, UEC!); Mpio. Campos do Jordão, Hoehne s.n. (CAS!); Mpio. Campos do Jordão, Lanstyack s.n. (NY!, US!); Mpio. Itararé, Fazenda Ibiti, Scaramuzza 202 (CAS!); Itararé, Rod. SP 258 junto ao Rio Verde, Scaramuzza 414 (CAS!, ESA); Mpio. Campos do Jordão, Pico do Itapeva, Sciamarelli et al. 26540 (UEC!); Mpio. Mpio. Itararé, Fazenda do IAC, beira do Rio Verde, V. C. Souza et al. 2264 (CAS!, ESA, UEC, UPCB); Mpio. Itararé, Fazenda Santa Maria do Espinho, Córrego do Peao, 23°27'S, 47°55'W, V. C. Souza et al. 2510 (CAS!, UEC!); Mpio. Itararé, Fazenda do Espinho, 24°14'S, 49°14'W, V. C. Souza et al. 3231 (CAS!, ESA, HUEFS, HUEM, MBM, SPF, UEC); Mpio. Itararé, Fazenda Ibiti (Ripasa), 24°14'S, 49°16'W, V. C. Souza et al. 3874 (CAS!); Mpio. Itararé, Fazenda Ibiti (Ripasa), 24°15'S, 49°16'W, V. C. Souza et al. 3906 (CAS!, HUSC, SORO, UEC); Mpio. Itararé, Rodovia Itararé-Itapeva, próximo a ponte do Rio Verde, V. C. Souza et al. 4660 (CAS!, ESA, UEC); Mpio. Itararé, Fazenda Ibiti (Ripasa), ao longo do Rio Verde, 24°14'S, 49°16'W, V. C. Souza et al. 6051 (CAS!, ESA, SP, SPF, UEC); Mpio. Itararé, Rodovia Itararé-Itapeva, próximo ao Rio Verde, 24°6'S, 49°13'W, V. C. Souza et al. 6244 (CAS!, ESA, SP, SPF); Mpio. Itararé, estrada Itararé-Itapeva, próximo à ponte do Rio Verde, V. C. Souza et al. 8652 (CAS!, ESA, SP, UEC); Mpio. Itapeva, Itanguá, Vidal s.n. (R!).

Figures

FIGURE 3. Images of Lavoisiera species. A. L. grandiflora (unvouchered image). B−C. L. grandiflora (Almeda et al. 9459). D. L. harleyi (unvouchered image). E−F. L. humilis (Almeda et al. 8497). G. L. imbricata (Almeda et al. 8497). H. L. imbricata (Almeda et al. 9032). I−K. L. itambana (Almeda et al. 9663). L. L. macrocarpa (Almeda et al. 8545). Image credits: A. Pinterest at www.pictopin.com; B, C, E−L. Frank Almeda; D. Fernando B. Matos.

FIGURE 9. SEM images of seeds for representative Lavoisiera species showing lateral symmetrical plane (left) and detail of testa cells and cell wall microrelief (right). A–B. L. harleyi (Mori et al. 12455). C–F. L. imbricata (Irwin & Soderstrom 5769). Scale bars: A & C=380 µm; B, E & F=38 µm; D=30 µm.

FIGURE 10. SEM images of seeds for representative Lavoisiera species showing lateral symmetrical plane (left) and detail of testa cells and cell wall microrelief (right). A–B. L. imbricata (Joly et al. 2257). C–F. L. mucorifera (Hatschbach 27445). Scale bars: A=380 µm, B=38 µm; C & E=176 µm; D & F=43 µm.

FIGURE 43. Lavoisiera imbricata. A. Habit. B. Abaxial leaf surface. C. Abaxial bract surface. D. Flower bud. E. Flower. F. Hypanthium, calyx lobes and bracts. G. Ovary cross-section. H. Petal with margin detail (lower right). I. Ventral view of antesepalous stamen. J. Ventral view of antepetalous stamen. K. Seed. (Based on: A–K, Almeda et al. 8401, CAS, UEC.)

FIGURE 44. Some of the named variants of Lavoisiera imbricata. A. Hypanthium and calyx lobes (above) and abaxial leaf surface (below); B. Hypanthium and calyx lobes (above) and abaxial leaf surface (below); C. Hypanthium and calyx lobes (above) and abaxial leaf surface (below); D. Hypanthium and calyx lobes (above) and abaxial leaf surface (below); E. Hypanthium and calyx lobes (above) and abaxial leaf surface (below). (Based on: A – L. pectinata form, Almeda et al. 8599, CAS, UEC; B – L. francavillana form, A.B. Joly et al. 2447, UEC; C – L. insignis form, Mello Barreto 318, UEC; D – L. bergii form, Carvalho et al. s.n., FUEL, UEC; E – L. compta form, Sciamarelli et al. 26540, UEC.)