Raveniola pamira, Zonstein, 2024

Zonstein, Sergei L., 2024, A revision of the spider genus Raveniola (Araneae, Nemesiidae). II. Species from Central Asia, European Journal of Taxonomy 967, pp. 1-185 : 44-47

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2024.967.2699
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C08B8027-50CC-417E-BCD4-5183B9FF6738
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F8D21997-9A6A-4B66-80D3-10638D797C48
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:F8D21997-9A6A-4B66-80D3-10638D797C48
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Raveniola pamira
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Raveniola pamira sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F8D21997-9A6A-4B66-80D3-10638D797C48

Figs 13, 14 View Figs 10–18 , 48 View Figs 45–53 , 95–96 View Figs 91–99 , 122 View Figs 118–126 , 149–150 View Figs 148–159 , 180 View Figs 172–183 , 214–215 View Figs 211–219 , 241 View Figs 238–246 , 271–272 View Figs 265–273 , 301–302 View Figs 290–309 , 318 View Figs 310–318 , 334–336 View Figs 334–348 , 363–364 View Figs 349–363 View Figs 364–378 , 418–428 View Figs 418–428 , 520–523 View Figs 504–521 View Figs 522–536 , 584–586 View Figs 584–592 , 676, 680–690, 754

Diagnosis

Males of Raveniola pamira sp. nov. can be distinguished from those of the related species in possessing a differently built basal section of the embolus, which appears to be either considerably longer than that in R. dolosa sp. nov. and R. ignobilis sp. nov, or provided with smaller and lower embolic keels than those in R. cucullata sp. nov. ( Figs 418–428 View Figs 418–428 cf. Figs 389–399 View Figs 389–399 , 403–408 View Figs 400–408 ). In females of R. pamira , the spermathecal branches are either shorter or separated broader from each other than those in R. cucullata , R. dolosa and R. ignobilis , or they are longer and stronger than those branches in R. sororcula sp. nov. ( Figs 520–523 View Figs 504–521 View Figs 522–536 cf. Figs 495–503 View Figs 487–503 , 509 View Figs 504–521 , 524–525 View Figs 522–536 ).

Etymology

The specific epithet is a toponym referring to the range of this species: the Pamir(s) mountain system.

Material examined

Holotype

TAJIKISTAN • ♂; Western Pamir , Darvaz Mts (southern slope) , Obiviskharvi Canyon , 9 km NE of Ubagan Village; 38°34.9′ N, 71°09.2′ E; 2800–3000 m a.s.l.; 14 Jul. 1988; S. Zonstein leg.; SMNH. GoogleMaps

Paratypes (4 ♂♂, 11 ♀♀)

TAJIKISTAN • 1 ♀; same collecting data as for holotype; SMNH GoogleMaps • 4 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀; same collecting data as for preceding, Ubagandara Gorge , surroundings of Ubagan Village; 38°32′ N, 71°03′ E; 1950– 2100 m a.s.l.; 15 Jul. 1988; S. Zonstein leg.; SMNH GoogleMaps • 2 ♀♀; same collecting data as for preceding, environs of the abandoned Viskharvi-Bolo Village ; 38°33′ N, 71°05′ E; 2100–2300 m a.s.l.; 13 Jul. 2019; S. Zonstein leg.; SMNH GoogleMaps .

Additional material (1 ♀, 1 ♀ subad., 3 juvs)

TAJIKISTAN • 1 ♀ subad., 3 juvs; Darvaz Mts , Sagirdasht Pass ; 38°38′ N, 70°43′ E; 3400 m a.s.l.; 27 May 1970; E.M. Andreeva leg.; MIZW GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; Peter I Mts , Childara Canyon , Shahobdara Gorge , 4 km NNW of Shahob Village; 38°51′ N, 70°18′ E; 1900–2100 m a.s.l.; 12 Jul. 1988; S. Zonstein leg.; SMNH GoogleMaps .

Description

Male (holotype)

HABITUS. See Fig. 13. View Figs 10–18

MEASUREMENTS. TBL 16.65, CL 7.19, CW 6.44, LL 0.72, LW 1.10, SL 3.36, SW 3.07.

COLOUR. Carapace and leg I from femur to basal metatarsus brownish orange; other parts of leg I, and entire palps and legs II–IV, as well as sternum, labium and maxillae lighter brownish orange; eye tubercle with eyes surrounded with partially fused blackish rings, chelicerae light cherry red, abdomen including spinnerets pale yellowish brown, dorsally with distinct chestnut brown chevron-like pattern, ventrally with few small brownish marks.

CEPHALOTHORAX. Carapace and chelicerae as shown in Fig. 95 View Figs 91–99 . Clypeus and eye group as in Fig. 149 View Figs 148–159 . Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.15(0.19), ALE 0.32, PLE 0.20, PME 0.17; AME–AME 0.16(0.12), ALE–AME 0.10(0.08), ALE–PLE 0.14, PLE–PME 0.04, PME–PME 0.38. Anterior cheliceral edge with unmodified setae; rastellum not developed. Each cheliceral furrow with 9 promarginal teeth and 7–8 mesobasal denticles. MIT indiscernible. Sternum, labium and maxillae as shown in Fig. 214 View Figs 211–219 . Maxillae with ca 70 cuspules each.

LEGS. Tibia and metatarsus I as in Figs 271 View Figs 265–273 , 301 View Figs 290–309 . Scopula: entire and distal on metatarsi I–II; entire on tarsi I–II; widely divided on tarsi III–IV. Trichobothria: 2 rows of 9–10 each on tibiae, 15–22 on metatarsi, 15–19 on tarsi, 10–11 on cymbium. PTC I–IV with 9–11 teeth on each margin.

SPINATION. Palp: femur d4, pd1, rd1; patella p2; tibia d4(3), p2, r3, v6(5); cymbium d7(5)+3–4 spikes. Leg I: femur d4, pd3, rd3; patella p2; tibia p3(2), pv2, r1, rv2+ 2M. Leg II: femur d4, pd3, rd1; patella p2; tibia p3, v7; metatarsus v5. Leg III: femur d4, pd3, rd2; patella p2, r1; tibia d3(1), p2, r3, v7; metatarsus d4, p3, r3, v5. Leg IV: femur d4(3), pd3, rd3(2); patella p1, r1; tibia d2, p3, r3, v9(8); metatarsus dp5(4), p3, r3, v8. Metatarsus I and tarsi I–IV aspinose.

PALP. Tibia, cymbium and copulatory bulb as shown in Fig. 363 View Figs 349–363 . Embolus with long basal portion provided with low keel and short hooked apical part ( Figs 418–422 View Figs 418–428 ).

SPINNERETS. PMS: length 0.44, diameter 0.21. PLS: maximal diameter 0.58; length of basal, medial and apical segments 1.25, 0.81, 0.73; total length 2.79; apical segment triangular.

Female (paratype)

HABITUS. See Fig. 48. View Figs 45–53

MEASUREMENTS. TBL 23.70, CL 8.81, CW 7.74, LL 0.86, LW 1.55, SL 4.44, SW 3.97.

COLOUR. Similar to that of male, except for evenly light brownish orange legs I–IV and dark cherry red chelicerae.

CEPHALOTHORAX. Carapace and chelicerae as shown in Fig. 122 View Figs 118–126 . Clypeus and eye group as in Fig. 180 View Figs 172–183 . Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.18(0.24), ALE 0.32, PLE 0.22, PME 0.20; AME–AME 0.19(0.13), ALE–AME 0.19(0.16), ALE–PLE 0.26, PLE–PME 0.08, PME–PME 0.66. Cheliceral rastellum absent. Each cheliceral furrow with 9 promarginal teeth and 8 mesobasal denticles. Sternum, labium and maxillae as shown in Fig. 241 View Figs 238–246 . Maxillae with ca 70 cuspules each.

LEGS. Tibia and metatarsus IV as shown in Fig. 318 View Figs 310–318 . Scopula: entire and distal on metatarsi I–II; entire and dense on palpal tarsus and tarsi I–II; sparser and widely divided by setae on tarsi III–IV. Trichobothria: 2 rows of 9–11 each on tibiae, 14–18 on metatarsi, 13–15 on tarsi. Palpal claw with 4 promarginal teeth. PTC I–II and III–IV with 7–9 and 9–11 teeth on each margin, respectively.

SPINATION. All femora with one basodorsal spine and 3–4 long dorsal spine-like setae. Palpal patella, patella I and tarsi I–IV aspinose. Palp: femur pd2, rd1; tibia p2, v7; tarsus v4. Leg I: femur pd3; tibia p2, v5; metatarsus v6. Leg II: femur pd4; patella p1; tibia p3, v6; metatarsus v7. Leg III: femur pd3(1), rd3(2); patella p2, r1; tibia d1, p2, r3, v7; metatarsus d3, p3, r3, v7. Leg IV: femur rd2; patella p1, r1; tibia p3, r3(2), v7; metatarsus d2, p4, r3, v10.

SPERMATHECAE. Each of paired spermathecae U-shaped with relatively low and wide base carrying two unevenly thick branches: long, stout and apically mostly trilobate inner brach, and a similarly long but much more slender and undivided outer branch ( Fig. 520 View Figs 504–521 ).

SPINNERETS. See Figs 585–586 View Figs 584–592 . PMS: length 1.06, diameter 0.32. PLS: length of basal, medial and apical segments 1.64, 0.97, 0.88; total length 3.49; apical segment triangular.

Variation

Carapace length in males (n =4) ranges from 5.66 to 7.19, in females (n =9) from 5.65 to 8.81. Variations in the colouration and in the conformation of the eye group, sternum, labium and maxillae are shown in Figs 14 View Figs 10–18 , 96 View Figs 91–99 , 215 View Figs 211–219 ; in the shape of the male tibia I, metatarsus I and palp in Figs 272 View Figs 265–273 , 302 View Figs 290–309 , 364 View Figs 364–378 ; in the structure of the copulatory bulb and the spermathecae in Figs 323–328 View Figs 319–333 and 521–523 View Figs 504–521 View Figs 522–536 . The structural peculiarities of tarsus I are shown in Fig. 336 View Figs 334–348 .

Ecology

The spiders were found in riverside gallery woodlands dominated by Juglans regia and in the abovelocated subalpine and alpine meadow biotopes. All specimens were collected from their retreats under stones ( Figs 676, 680–690 View Figs 675–682 View Figs 683–690 ).

Distribution

Known from the mid-mountain and highland zones of Darvaz Mts and Peter I Mts. See Fig. 754 View Figs 751–760 .

Remarks

Andreeva (1975, 1976) mentioned “ Brachythele sp. ”, unexpectedly found in the highlands of Darvaz Mts at altitudes of 3400 m (Sagirdasht Pass) and 3500–3700 m (“in the upper parts of the Viskharv Valley”). In the course of the current study, the specimens from the former locality, deposited in MIZW, were examined and identified as belonging to R. pamira sp. nov. (see the list of the additional material above).