Puccinia caricis-jilinensis Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li & Kakish., 2022

Ji, Jingxin, Li, Zhuang, Li, Yu & Kakishima, Makoto, 2022, Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Carex (Cyperaceae) from northeastern China, Phytotaxa 542 (3), pp. 221-255 : 250

C17: Puccinia caricis-jilinensis Jing X. Ji, Zhuang Li, Y. Li & Kakish. sp. nov. ( Fig. 20 )

MycoBank No: MB 838303.

Diagnosis: —This species is phylogenetically close to P. moiwensis and P. caricis-rafaensis having spermogonial and aecial stages on Urtica , but has a distinct lineage from them. Teliospores are also smaller, especially in width.

Typus: — CHINA, Jilin Province, West of Changbai Mountain, uredinia and telia on Carex siderosticta Hance , 1 September 2018, M. Kakishima & J. X. Ji, HMJAU 8842 , Holotype . CHINA, Jilin Province, Jilin, Jiaohe , spermogonia and aecia on Urtica laetevirens Maxim. , 1 July 2018, M. Kakishima & J. X. Ji, HMJAU 8846 , Epitype .

Etymology: —Named after host plant genus of uredinial and telial stages, and locality of collection, Jilin Province.

Description: — Spermogonia amphigenous, honey-yellow, grouped, subepidermal, flask-shaped, type 4 of Cummins & Hiratsuka (2003). Aecia is mostly hypophyllous, sometimes in large groups, spreading along veins, pale yellow, cupulate with peridia, Aecidium - type. Peridial cells firmly conjunct, cubic to polygonal, hyaline. Aeciospores catenulate, globose to subglobose, angular, 14.5–16.5 × 12.5–14.0 µm (av. 15.5 × 13.0 µm); walls hyaline, 0.5–0.8 µm (av. 0.7 µm) thick, densely verrucose with big granules. Uredinia hypophyllous, scattered, minute, brown, covered by epidermis but eventually erumpent. Urediniospores globose or subglobose, 21.5–24.5 × 19.0–24.0 µm (av. 23.0 × 21.5 µm); walls brown, echinulate, 0.5–0.8 µm (av. 0.7 µm), germ pores 2–3. Telia hypophyllous, blackish brown, compact, rounded to broadly elliptic, erumpent. Teliospores broadly clavate, ellipsoid, rounded, mostly conical at apices, moderately constricted at the septa, attenuate at the bases, 33.5–42.0 × 10.0–13.0 µm (av. 37.5 × 11.5 µm); walls chestnut-brown, 0.5–0.9 µm (av. 0.6 µm) thick at sides, 6.6–9.9 µm (av. 7.8 µm) at apices; pedicels persistent, hyaline to pale brown, thin-walled, 13.0–29.0 µm (av. 18.5 µm) long.

Additional specimens examined from northeastern CHINA: — Jilin Province, Jilin, spermogonia, and aecia on Urtica laetevirens , 29 June 2017, HMJAU 8845 . Heilongjiang Province, Wuchang , spermogonia and aecia on U. laetevirens , 2 June 2018, HMJAU 8847 . Jilin Province, Tonghua , uredinia, and telia on Carex siderosticta , 2 October 2015, HMJAU 8837 , 3 October 2015, HMJAU 8840 . Jilin Province, Jilin, uredinia, and telia on C. siderosticta , 12 September 2017, HMJAU 8838 , 8848 . Jilin Province, Changchun , uredinia, and telia on C. siderosticta , 5 July 2018, HMJAU 8839 . Jilin Province, West of Changbai Mountain , uredinia and telia on C. siderosticta , 1 September 2018, HMJAU 8844 . Jilin Province, Baishan , uredinia, and telia on C. siderosticta , 3 September 2018, HMJAU 8843 . Heilongjiang, Wuchang , uredinia and telia on C. siderosticta , 9 September 2017, HMJAU 8841 , 6 June 2016, HMJAU 8849 .

Hosts and distribution in northeastern CHINA ( Fig. 1 ): —Spermogonia and aecia on Urtica laetevirens (Urticaceae) (B, C). Uredinia and telia on Carex siderosticta (A, B, C, D, G).

Note: — Carex siderosticta is a common species in the study area. Five species, P. caricis-siderostictae Dietel , P. hyalina Dietel , P. mandshurica Miura , P. miyakei Syd. & P. Syd. and P. taganesuge Miura , have been reported to produce uredinia and telia on C. siderosticta ( Ito 1950, Hiratsuka et al. 1992, Ono 1995, Zhuang et al. 1998, Azbukina 2005, 2015). Among them, specimens of this clade are morphologically similar to those of P. miyakei and P. mandshurica reported from northern Asia in the shape and size of the urediniospores and teliospores. However, spermogonial and aecial stages of P. miyakei have been reported as being produced on Alangium ( Ono 1995) , and the urediniospores of P. mandshurica have a verrucose surface ( Ito 1950, Hiratsuka et al. 1992). This clade is also phylogenetically separated from that of other species having spermogonial and aecial stages on Urtica ( P. urticata , P. urticae-inflatae , P. moiwensis , and P. caricis-rafaensis ) and is, therefore, treated as a distinct species. The wide distribution of this species in the study area is suspected because many specimens have been collected in various places.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Collection areas in northeastern China. A. Changchun area in Jilin Province. B. Jilin area in Jilin Province. C. Mountanious area in southern Heilongjiang Province. D. Area around Changbai Mountains in Jilin Province. E. Baicheng area in western Jilin Province. F. Yanbian area in eastern Jilin Province. G. Tonghua area in southeastern Jilin Province.

FIGURE 20. Puccinia caricis-jilinensis on Urtica laetevirens (A–D, F, G) and Carex sp. (E, H–K). A. Plants producing spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface in the field. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. E. Plants producing uredinia and telia on the leaf surface in the field. F. An aecium observed under SEM. G. Aeciospores with granules on the surface observed under SEM. H. Uredinia and telia on the lower leaf surface. I. Urediniospores. J. Vertical section of an uredinium. K. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C, I, J, K = 20 μm, D, F = 100 μm, G = 5 μm.