Pseudosinella valverdei Baquero & Jordana, 2021

Baquero, Enrique, Jordana, Rafael & Ortuño, Vicente M., 2021, Distinctive Collembola Communities in the Mesovoid Shallow Substratum: Entomobryomorpha of the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Central Spain), Zoosystema 43 (3), pp. 37-78 : 69-72

Pseudosinella valverdei Baquero & Jordana n. sp.

( Figs 8G ; 20 ; 21 ; 22 ; Table 6 )

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:09225770-934C-4B27-9354-D236FC3398E8

TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype. Spain • ♀; Madrid, Sierra de Guadarrama, Montes Carpetanos , Hoya de la Laguna Grande (east); 30T4191 45213; 2049 m a.s.l.; 5.X.2015; Ortuño et al. leg.; pitfall SSD (since 3.VI.2015); MZNA SSD-10 (slide 06).

Paratypes. Spain • 10 specimens on slide and 15 in ethyl alcohol; same data as for holotype, slides‰6 and‰7; Ortuño et al. leg.; MZNA • 5 specimens on slide and 40 in ethyl alcohol; SSD-6 , slides 03 and 11; same data; MZNA • 5 specimens in ethyl alcohol; SSD-6 ; same data; MNHN .

TYPE LOCALITY. — Spain, Madrid, Sierra de Guadarrama, Montes Carpetanos, Hoya de la Laguna Grande (east); 30 T 4191 45213; 2049 m a.s.l.

ETYMOLOGY. — This species is dedicated to the biologist Alberto Jiménez-Valverde, member of the research team of this project and active participant in the sampling of the mesovoid shallow substratum.

ADDITIONAL MATERIAL. — Spain • 2 juveniles; SSD-1 (0.5 m depth), slides 05 and 06; Sierra de Guadarrama, Segovia; Ortuño et al. leg.; MZNA • 2 specimens; SSD-2 (0.5 m depth), slide 09; same data; MZNA • 8 specimens on slide and 393 in ethyl alcohol; SSD-2 (1 m depth), slides 05, 06 and 08; same data; MZNA • 2 juveniles on slide and 56 in ethyl alcohol; SSD-16 , slide 07; same data; MZNA • 1 juvenile; SSD-18 , slide 07; same data; MZNA • 1 juvenile; SSD-25 , slide 06; Madrid; same data; MZNA • 10 specimens on slide and 1103 in ethyl alcohol; SSD-11 , slides 05-07; same data; MZNA • 7 juveniles on slide and 589 in ethyl alcohol; SSD-21 , slides 03 and 05; same data; MZNA .

DIAGNOSIS. — Body with blue pigment, including antennae and first leg segments. Head with 5+ 5 eyes (A-E); A 0, A 2 and A 3 as Mc, A 2a absent; basomedian labial fields chaetae smooth; posterior labial row with M 1, m 2, R*, e, l 1 and l 2 Mc (R half to two-thirds of M; sometimes M 2 and L 2 ciliated, and usually asymmetric); three plus one anterior postlabial chaetae as ciliate Mc. Th II-III without Mc; Abd II with chaeta a 2p present, a 3 forward from ‘as’ sensilla; a 2 as mes or short Mc, and m 3 as ciliated Mc; AbdIV with three median mac (C 1, B 5-6), four ciliated mic behind anterior bothriotrichum and bothriothrichal complex mic D 1p present; claw with four internal teeth: two basal and two unpaired (the last one sometimes almost imperceptible); empodium acuminate; manubrial plate with three internal and 10-13 external chaetae.

DESCRIPTION

Body

Body length up to 2.40 mm, head included (mean 2.05 mm, n = 11 adults), excluding antennae (holotype: 2.05 mm). Color blue dark, especially on Ant I-IV (except tip of IV), anterior part of the head, and posterior area of the tergites Th II- AbdVI), coxae, and basal manubrium; Th II darker in front area ( Fig. 8G ). Scales absent on antennae and legs, present on ventral and dorsal head, thorax and abdomen dorsally, and furcula only ventrally.

Head

Antennal head ratio 1.65 (n= 6). Ant III sense organ with two rod-shaped sensilla (individually encased in a pit), three spiny guard sensilla, s-blunt sens, ciliated and weakly ciliated chaetae; on Ant II 2-3 distal similar to Ant III sensilla; Ant IV without apical bulb, apical organite and accessory sensilla as in Figure 20A . 5 + 5 eyes (A-E). Head dorsal chaetotaxy with 8-12 antennal (An) ciliated Mc; s or t and p chaetae present (p as Mc); 4/554 smooth prelabral and labral chaetae ( Fig. 20B ). Labral papillae absent. Maxillary palp bifurcate with three smooth sublobal chaetae. Labial papilla (l.p.) E with finger-shaped process reaching the base of apical appendage. Labial row with M 1, m 2, R*, e, l 1 and l 2 Mc (R half to two-thirds of M; sometimes M 2 and L 2 ciliated, and usually asymmetric). Postlabial chaetotaxy with 3+ 1 ciliated central Mc along the groove ( Fig. 20C ).

Thorax chaetotaxy ( Fig. 21 )

Th II and Th III without Mc; Th II with s and ms in anterolateral position; Th III with a1 before psp, a 3, a 4, a 6, m 2, m 4, m 5 and m 6, p 2, p 3, p 4, p 5 and p 6, two lateral mes with the lateral sensilla (s) between them, and four Mc in front of the sensilla.

Abdomen chaetotaxy ( Figs 21 ; 22 )

Abd I with a 1, a 2 and p 1 before psp; a 3, a 4, a 6, m 2, m 4 -m 6; p 1 -p 6, a sensilla in front of m 6, and some lateral mes. Abd II, mi and ml chaetae present over bothriotrichum (m 2) (sometimes an additional mic between ml and a 2); a 2p (p) present as slightly ciliated mic; a 2 (A) as small Mc or mes, but not mic; m 3 (B) present as Mc; ‘as’ over m 3 and a 2, and a 3 a little above ‘as’; m 3e and p 4 (q 1 and q 2) present as slightly ciliated mic; lm and ll present as slightly broadened at tip ciliated mic over bothriotrichum (a 5); m 4 as slightly ciliated chaeta; m 5 as mes. a 6 (smooth), a 7-8, m 6, p 5 -p 8 (slightly ciliated) as mic; Abd III, mi, ml and a 2 as slightly broadened ciliated mic over bothriotrichum (m 2); ‘as’ before m 3 that is apparently smooth; a 3, m 4 and p 3 as slightly ciliated pointed mic; a 3 very up; im, li, lm and a 6 as ciliated pointed mic surrounding bothriotrichum (a 5); em, am 6 and a 7 as small ciliated mic under a 5 bothriotrichum (sometimes an additional mic near a 7); pm 6 and p 6 as Mc with d 3 between them (d 3 not always present, and duplicated in one specimen); ‘ms’ (d 2) near p 5 as smooth mic; m 7a and p 8 as mes; m 7 -m 9, p 7 and p 9 as smooth mic. Abd IV with three median mac (C 1, B 5-6; ratio between C 1 -B 5 /B 5-6 1.00, n =9), and 7 lateral mac (D 3, E 2-4, F 1-3); T 5 as mic, D 2, De 3, E 4p, F 3p,T 6 and T 7 as mes; before T 2 bothriotrichum four ciliated mic (a, m, s and D 1) as in Figure 22 ; pi and pe as ciliated fan-shape mic.

Legs

Legs without scales. Trochanteral organ with near 40 spinelike chaetae. Claw with four teeth on inner edge: basal pair at 40% and 50% with respect to the internal claw edge length, respectively, first unpaired median at 70%, and one minute (sometimes imperceptible) unpaired subapical at 90%; two lateral teeth at 20%, and one more basal dorsal tooth. Empodium acuminate, all with non-serrated pe lamella (but with a small tooth on first third of all legs, and a minute serration on legs 1 and 2), other lamellae smooth (ae, ai, pi); claw: empodium ratio=1: 0.65.Tibiotarsus III distally with one inner smooth chaeta 0.50 longer than claw; tenent hairs capitate, smooth, and 0.90 shorter than claw ( Fig. 20E ).

Furcula

Manubrium and dens with scales only ventrally, and with the same length; manubrial plate (dorsally) with three internal, approximately thirteen external ciliated Mc, and 2 psp ( Fig. 20D ). Non-ringed area of dens 2-3.5 times the length of mucro, with subapical tooth a little smaller than apical tooth ( Fig. 20F ).

Macrochaetotaxy

Reduced formula (from Gisin 1965, 1967a, b): R 0 R 1 R 2000 /00/0201+2/s, pABq 1 q 2, M 1 m 2 R*el 1 l 2 (* ½ to 2/3 of M; sometimes M 2 and L 2 ciliated, and usually asymmetric).

ECOLOGY

Species widely distributed in MSS of Montes Carpetanos and Siete Picos-La Mujer Muerta, not detected in Cuerda Larga ( Fig. 1 A-C). According to the available data (presence and activity), it appears to show a preference for the subsoil of the oro-Mediterranean zone, with dominance in the forest strip. Its presence in the cryo-Mediterranean zone has not been verified and the upper level of this species is 2049 m a.s.l., which corresponds to SSD-10 installed in the Canchal Hoya de la Laguna Grande (supraforestal strip of the oro-Mediterranean zone). Its greatest activity was recorded in SSD- 11 in the Canchal Cerro Ventoso ( Fig. 4E, F ), exceeding a thousand specimens (more than half of the Entomobryomorpha , excluding Orchesella , collected there ( Fig. 1E ). The MSS of this site, under the narrow influence of the pine forest ( Pinus sylvestris ), has revealed itself as one of the most diverse in Collembola, as it contains eight species of Entomobryomorpha (excluding Orchesella ), with P. valverdei Baquero & Jordana n. sp. as the dominant species ( Figs 1F ; 4F ).

REMARKS

The species that share the traditional formula of Gisin (1965, 1967a, b) are, in addition to P. gonzaloi Baquero & Jordana n. sp., P.styriaca Neuherz & Nosek, 1975 , P. subcentralis Gama, 1985 and P. valverdei Baquero & Jordana n. sp. Table 6 shows the differences between these four species.

In terms of activity, P. valverdei Baquero & Jordana n. sp. is the fourth best represented species of Entomobryomorpha (excluding Orchesella ) in the MSS, with 11% ( Fig. 1D ), and Entomobryidae with 12% ( Fig. 2A, B ).

Figures

FIG. 8. — Habitus and color patterns of some species: A, Entomobrya guadarramensis Jordana & Baquero n. sp.; B, Entomobrya ledesmai Jordana & Baquero n. sp.; C, D, Lepidocyrtus labyrinthi Baquero & Jordana n. sp.; E, Lepidocyrtus purgatori Baquero & Jordana n. sp.; F, Lepidocyrtus paralignorum Baquero & Jordana n. sp.; G, Pseudosinella valverdei Baquero & Jordana n. sp.; H, Pseudosinella gonzaloi Baquero & Jordana n. sp. Scale bar: 0.25 mm.

FIG. 20. — Pseudosinella valverdei Baquero & Jordana n. sp.: A, organite and accessory sensillum on AntIV; B, head chaetotaxy; C, hind part of labium and postlabial area; D, manubrial plate chaetae and pseudopores; E, claw and empodium of leg 3; F, tip of dens, mucro and mucronal spine. Abbreviations:see Material and methods. Symbols: ●, Mc; ○, mes or small/doubtful Mc; ⦰, pseudopores. Scale bars: A, D, 0.01 mm; C, E, F, 0.02 mm; B, 0.05 mm.

FIG. 21. — Pseudosinella valverdei Baquero & Jordana n. sp., ThII to Abd III dorsal macrochaetotaxy. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Symbols: ●, Mc; ○, mes or mic; ⦰, pseudopores; ▣, bothriotricha. Scale bar: 0.05 mm.

FIG. 22. — Pseudosinella valverdei Baquero & Jordana n.sp., AbdIV dorsal macrochaetotaxy and detail of chaetotaxy lateral to anterior mac C1. Abbreviations:see Material and methods.Symbols:●, Mc;○, mes; ⦰, pseudopores; ▣, bothriotricha;▲, special chaetae.Scale bars:0.05 mm for whole tergite, 0.025 mm for detail.

FIG. 5. — Folsomia trisetata Jordana & Ardanaz, 1981: A, antenna with detail of two sensilla; B, head chaetotaxy; C, body chaetotaxy (the arrow on segment IV-VI points to a sensillum on posterior side); D, furcula: manubrium and dens, anterior view; E, ♂ genital plate; F, body sensillar pattern. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: A, B, D, E, 0.02 mm; C, 0.05 mm.

FIG. 1. — A, basic orography of the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park; B, location of the subterranean sampling devices (SSD) in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park; C, collection sites of the species collected with the SSDs; D, relative abundance of Entomobryomorpha Börner, 1913 species (excluding Orchesella Templeton, 1835); E, relative abundance by SSDs; F, species richness by SSD. Abbreviations: exx, specimens; spp, species.Species authorships:see Index of species.

FIG. 4. — Places where new species have been collected more abundantly: A, C, E, G, photos of the sampled biotopes; B, D, F, H, exact installation point and brief card of the SSDs (location and collecting species of Entomobryomorpha Börner, 1913, excluding Orchesella Templeton, 1835). Species authorships: see Index of species.

FIG. 2. — Diversity, abundance and percentage of Collembola (42 745 specimens) collected in the MSS of the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park: A, values by orders and families; B, Entomobryidae Schäffer, 1896 species values (excluding Orchesella Templeton, 1835); C, Isotomidae Schäffer, 1896 species values. Species authorships: see Index of species.