Psenulus carinifrons rohweri van Lith, 1962

Taylor, Christopher K., Barthelemy, Christophe, Chi, Roy Cheung Shun & Guenard, Benoit, 2020, Review of Psenulus species (Hymenoptera, Psenidae) in the Hong Kong SAR, with description of three new species, Journal of Hymenoptera Research 79, pp. 169-211 : 169

publication ID	https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.79.55832
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scientific name	Psenulus carinifrons rohweri van Lith, 1962
status

Treatment

Figs 4A-4 View Figure 4 , 5 View Figure 5 , 6 View Figure 6 , 7 View Figure 7 , 8 View Figure 8 , 9 View Figure 9 , 10 View Figure 10 , 11 View Figure 11 , 12 View Figure 12 , 13 View Figure 13 , 14 View Figure 14 , 15 View Figure 15 , 16 View Figure 16 , 17A View Figure 17 , 18A, B View Figure 18 , 19A, B View Figure 19 , 20A View Figure 20 , 21A View Figure 21

Psenulus carinifrons rohweri van Lith 1962: 108. Holotype: ♀; Indonesia, Java, Reserve Semarang, Tjandi; RMNH.

Material examined.

China, Hong Kong • 1♂; Sha Tau Kok (Hoi Pui Leng); 22°31'48"N, 114°12'27"E; 24 May-9 Jun. 2018; C. Taylor and Cheung Shun Chi leg.; Malaise trap; HKU • 1♂; Nam Chung , 22°31'32"N, 114°12'29"E; 27 Jun.-11 Jul. 2018; ibid. • 1♂; Lai Chi Wo , 22°31'38"N, 114°15'44"E; 29 Jun.-16 Jul. 2018; ibid. • 13♀; So Lo Pun , 22°32'16"N, 114°15'22"E; 29 Jun.-16 Jul. 2018; ibid. • 1♂; So Lo Pun ; 22°32'15"N, 114°15'22"E; 16-27 Jul. 2018; ibid. • 1♀; Sam A Tsuen; 22°30'54"N, 114°16'15"E; 17-30 May 2018; ibid. • 1♂; Sam A Tsuen; 22°30'54"N, 114°16'15"E; 30 May-13 Jun. 2018; ibid. • 1♀; Sam A Chung; 22°30'30"N, 114°16'21"E; 30 May-13 Jun. 2018; ibid. • 1♀; Tsim Bei Tsui , Sha Kiu Tsuen ; 22°29'23"N, 113°59'59"E; 14-28 May 2018; ibid. • 1♂; Tsim Bei Tsui , Sha Kiu Tsuen ; 22°29'21"N, 113°59'55"E; 14-28 May 2018; ibid. • 2♀; Tsim Bei Tsui , Sha Kiu Tsuen ; 22°29'22"N, 113°59'57"E; 28 May-11 Jun. 2018; ibid. • 3♂ 2♀; Tsim Bei Tsui , Sha Kiu Tsuen ; 22°29'21"N, 113°59'54"E; 28 May-11 Jun. 2018; ibid. • 1♀; Sheung Pak Nai ; 22°27'09"N 113°57'47"E; 14-28 May 2018; ibid. • 1♂ 2♀; Sheung Pak Nai ; 22°27'07"N, 113°57'45"E; 14-28 May 18; ibid • 1♀, Sheung Pak Nai ; 22°27'08"N, 113°57'47"E; 28 May-11 Jun. 2018; ibid. • 1♀; Sheung Pak Nai ; 22°27'05"N, 113°57'44"E; 28 May-11 Jun. 2018; ibid. • 1♀; Ha Pak Nai , near Western New Territories Landfill , 22°25'30"N, 113°56'22"E; 7-21 May 2018; ibid. • 1♂ 5♀; Ha Pak Nai ,near Western New Territories Landfill ; 22°25'31"N 113°56'21"E; 7-21 May 2018; ibid. • 1♂ 1♀; Ha Pak Nai , near Western New Territories Landfill ; 22°25'31"N, 113°56'20"E; 21 May-5 Jun. 2018; ibid. • 2♀; Ha Pak Nai , near Western New Territories Landfill ; 22°25'30"N, 113°56'21"E; 21 May-5 Jun. 2018; ibid. • 1♀, Tung Chung ; 22°16'52"N, 113°55'40"E; 15-29 May 2018; ibid. • 10♂ 35♀; Tung Chung ; 22°16'55"N, 113°55'43"E; 29 May-12 Jun. 2018; ibid. • 2♀; Hang Mei ; 22°15'07"N, 113°52'06"E; 23 May-6 Jun. 2018; ibid. • 2♂ 4♀; Tai O; 22°15'27"N 113°51'49"E; 9-23 May 2018; ibid. • 1♂ 1♀; Tai Tam ; 22°14'45"N, 114°13'23"E; 28 Jun.-12 Jul. 2018; ibid. • 1♀; Ho Chung ; 22°21'12"N, 114°15'09"E; 26 Jun.-10 Jul. 2018; ibid. • 1♀; Ho Chung ; 22°21'16"N, 114°15'09"E; 26 Jun.-10 Jul. 2018; ibid. • 1♂; Ho Chung ; 22°21'13"N, 114°15'07"E; 10-24 Jul. 2018; ibid. • 1♂; Sai Keng ; 22°25'06"N, 114°16'11"E; 26 Jun.-10 Jul. 2018; ibid. • 4♂ 1♀; Sai Keng ; 22°25'12"N, 114°16'06"E; 26 Jun.-10 Jul. 2018; ibid. • 11♂, New Territories ; May-July 2018; ibid. • 1♀; Mai Po Nature Reserve; 22°29'11"N, 114°02'14"E; 1 m a.s.l.; 29 Mar.-12 Apr. 2014; C. Barthélémy leg.; Malaise trap, ref.: MPNRM003GHy4; CBC • 1♀; ibid.; 10-24 May 2014; ibid.; ref.: MPNRM010GHy6; CBC • 1♀; ibid.; 24 May-07 Jun. 2014; ibid.; ref.: MPNRM012GHy7; CBC • 1♀; ibid.; 25 Oct.-01 Nov. 2016; WWF GoogleMaps Hong Kong leg.; Malaise trap, ref.: WWF-M00GHy3; CBC • 1♀; Mai Po Nature Reserve ; 22°29'23"N, 114°01'53"E; 1 m a.s.l.; 05-19 Jul. 2014; C. Barthélémy leg.; Malaise trap, ref.: MPNRM017GHy11; CBC GoogleMaps .

Standard ratios.

Males (n = 10): L = 4-4.9 mm (mean = 4.53 mm); CR = 1.16-1.23 (mean = 1.21); OOR = 0.76-0.88 (mean = 0.83; FLR = 1.05-1.12 (mean = 1.08); FRR = 0.64-0.72 (mean = 0.67); MR = 1.1-1.55 (mean = 1.51); OMR = 0.83-0.94 (mean = 0.89); PR = 0.65-0.94 (mean = 0.83); PFR = 1.24-1.48 (mean = 1.35). Females (n = 10): L = 4.00-5.7 mm (mean = 4.81 mm); CR = 1.2-1.32 (mean = 1.23); OOR = 0.7-0.88 (mean = 0.83); FLR = 1.4-1.6 (mean = 1.51); FRR = 0.62-0.74 (mean = 0.67); MR = 1.12-1.56 (mean = 1.37); OMR = 0.84-0.92 (mean = 0.88); PR = 0.92-1.43 (mean = 1.10); PFR = 1.13-1.3 (mean = 1.23).

Description.

Male: Antenna without tyloids. Clypeus (Fig. 21A View Figure 21 ) with median section of anterior margin protruding, medially straight. Subantennal carina well developed; interantennal carina narrow, not broadened dorsally. Mesosoma mostly polished, mesoscutum moderately punctate with punctures mostly separated by at least their own diameter, punctures more closely spaced medially (Fig. 11A View Figure 11 ); prescutal sutures short, extending to level of anterior margin of tegula; episternal sulcus broadly foveolate (Fig. 13A View Figure 13 ); propodeal enclosure with several pairs of longitudinal carinae (Fig. 15A View Figure 15 ); propodeum laterally and posteriorly coarsely reticulate. Petiole subcylindrical; T1 relatively low (Fig. 5A View Figure 5 ). Fore wing (Fig. 19B View Figure 19 ) with first recurrent vein interstitial with first and second submarginal cells, second recurrent vein interstitial with second and third submarginal cells.

Head black with appressed silvery pubescence (Figs 7A View Figure 7 , 9A View Figure 9 ); antenna with scape yellow, remainder of antenna black except yellowish on venter of pedicel and very base of flagellum; mandible yellow with black tip. Mesosoma black with tegula yellowish brown (Fig. 11A View Figure 11 ), following yellow: pronotal collar, pronotal lobe, scutellum except scutellar groove, metanotum. Fore and mid legs with coxae black, remainder yellow except ends of tarsi brownish; hind leg black except basal half to two-thirds of tibia white, tarsus brown. Metasoma black except T7 brown.

Female: Clypeus (Fig. 21A View Figure 21 ) with median section of anterior margin protruding, medially straight. Subantennal carina absent (Fig. 6A View Figure 6 ). Mesosoma mostly polished, mesoscutum moderately punctate with punctures mostly separated by at least their own diameter, punctures more closely spaced medially (Fig. 11A View Figure 11 ); prescutal sutures short, extending to level of anterior margin of tegula; episternal sulcus broadly foveolate (Fig. 13A View Figure 13 ); propodeal enclosure with several pairs of longitudinal carinae (Fig. 15A View Figure 15 ); propodeum laterally and posteriorly coarsely reticulate. Petiole subcylindrical; T1 relatively low (Fig. 5A View Figure 5 ). Fore wing (Fig. 19B View Figure 19 ) with first recurrent vein interstitial with first and second submarginal cells, second recurrent vein interstitial with second and third submarginal cells.

Distribution.

China (*Hong Kong, Taiwan); Singapore; Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Sumba, Pulau Buru, Kangean Islands, East Kalimantan), Malaysia (Sabah), Philippines (Luzon). (van Lith 1962, 1969, 1976).

Notes.

Psenulus carinifrons rohweri is readily distinguished from others Psenulus in the Hong Kong SAR by its mostly black coloration. The Hong Kong specimens are here assigned to P. carinifrons rohweri which they resemble in sculpture of the propodeum and mesoscutum, as well as the entirely yellow fore and mid trochanters and femora (van Lith 1969). However, they do differ from previous descriptions of this subspecies in the occasional presence of a pair of large red spots on the T2 of the female, a character that appears variable in the Hong Kong population.

Psenulus carinifrons has an extensive distribution extending between India, Japan and north-eastern Australia (van Lith 1962, 1969).

It may be notable that this species has to date only been collected in the Hong Kong SAR among mangroves; apart from one single “older” (2006) record in a terrestrial habitat at Ping Shan Chai. Unfortunately, there appears to be no record of its habitat preferences in other parts of its range, although all records attributed to van Lith are from littoral localities; save for one in Bogor, which are commonly colonised by mangroves in Southeast Asia. It has a long activity period spanning from March (W13) to end of November (W47).