Pristepyris zhejiangensis (Terayama, Xu & He, 2002)

Liao, Hauchuan, Terayama, Mamoru & Eguchi, Katsuyuki, 2022, Revision of Taiwanese and Ryukyuan species of Pristepyris Kieffer, 1905, with description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae), ZooKeys 1102, pp. 1-42 : 1

Pristepyris zhejiangensis (Terayama, Xu & He, 2002)

Figs 11 , 12 , 13

Acrepyris zhejiangensis Terayama et al. 2002: 83, figs 9-16. Holotype, type loc.: Deqing, Zhejiang, China. Pristepyris zhejiangensis : Azevedo et al. 2018: 104 (genus transfer).

Male diagnosis.

TL ≈ 6.1-9.3 mm. HL/HW × 100 = 88-103. Frons and vertex with deep foveolae (ca. 0.05-0.06 mm in diameter), of which intervals are smooth and shining and narrower than diameter of foveolate. Anterior clypeal margin nearly straight medially. Mandible with five apical teeth. Transverse pronotal carina present. Cervical pronotal area in lateral view round. LP/WP = 0.97-1.04. Metapostnotal median carina incomplete posteriorly. Tergum II with longitudinal sulcus and ridge, sternum II with longitudinal median carina. Apical margin of hypopygium straight medially. Apical lobe of aedeagus in lateral view elongate and spatulate, with broadened and rounded apex, in ventral view somewhat winding.

Female diagnosis.

TL ≈ 6.5 mm. HL/ HW× 100 = 118-126. Frons and vertex with deep foveolae (ca. 0.03-0.04 mm in diameter), of which intervals are imbricate; intervals in vertex wider than diameter of foveolae; intervals in lateral and submedian part of frons as narrow as or narrower than diameter of foveolae; the area along mesal line without foveolae. Median portion of clypeus roundly and relatively strongly produced anteriad; apical clypeal margin deeply incurved medially. Compound eye less developed. Mandible with four teeth. Transverse pronotal carina absent. Dorsal face of pronotum, mesoscutellum, mesopleuron and dorsal and lateral faces of metapectal-propodeal complex imbricate. Mesosoma excluding dorsal and lateral faces of metapectal-propodeal complex with dense foveolae. Tarsal claws with thin and curved tooth. Tergum II with weak longitudinal ridge, without longitudinal sulcus. Sternum II without longitudinal median carina.

Male redescription.

Full description was given by Terayama et al. (2002). Additional information as below.

Head. HL/ HW× 100 = 88-103 (88 in holotype). Frons and vertex with deep foveolae (ca. 0.05-0.06 mm in diameter), of which intervals are smooth and shining and narrower than diameter of foveolate. Occipital carina present. Median portion of clypeus roundly produced anteriad; median clypeal carina moderately distinct, almost reaching anterior margin; anterior clypeal margin nearly straight medially. Compound eye large and convex, with sparse thin erect setae. Mandible with five teeth.

Mesosoma. Dorsal area of pronotum smooth and shining, with deep foveolae, with distinct transverse pronotal carinae (arrow in Fig. 8E ). Cervical pronotal area in lateral view round. Mesopleuron elongate; anterior, upper and lower fovea distinct; acropleural area smooth and shining. Mesopleural pit absent. Mesodiscrimen concave, with weak median carina. Metasternum with metafurcal pit. Lateral face of metapectal-propodeal complex smooth and shining anteriorly, irregularly rugose on posterior half of central area. Metapectal-propodeal complex in dorsal view with LP/WP = 0.97-1.04, with lateral margins subparallel and slightly convex; metapostnotal median carina distinct, but incomplete posteriorly; submedian rugae irregularly running; sublateral margin distinct, incomplete posteriorly; posterior transverse margin distinct; dorsomedian and dorsolateral faces weakly rugoso-scabrous; median portion of propodeal declivity transversely rugoso-scabrous. Forewing with r-m2 flexion line (arrows in Fig. 8F ), without R2 and 2M12 flexion line. Hindwing with five distal hamuli. Tarsal claws bifid, with thin and curved apical teeth.

Metasoma. Tergum II with longitudinal sulcus and ridge; sternum II with longitudinal median carina. Hypopygium with spiculum much longer than S9ala (spiculum broken in Fig. 9A ); apical margin straight medially; ventral face of apicomedian part with relatively dense setae. Gonostipes glabrous, unfused to harpe. Harpe in ventral view widely elongated, slightly curved inward, with blunt apex, entirely covered with setae which increase in length toward apex; median basal portion with concavity which accommodates digitus and cuspis. Cuspis lobate and extending laterad, curled, with short, thick, conical setae at apex; subbasal part facing digitus with short and thin setea. Digitus extending laterad, curled; lateral face with short, thick, conical setae near apex. Apical lobe of aedeagus in lateral view elongate and spatulate, with broadened and rounded apex, in ventral view somewhat winding.

Female description.

Female of this species was newly-recognised by molecular phylogenetic analyses in the present study.

Color. Body mostly dark brown; mandible, antenna, anterior flange of pronotum and legs brown or light brown.

Head. Head capsule with posterior margin slightly incurved, with posterolateral corner round; HL/HW × 100 = 118-126. Occipital carina present. Frons and vertex with deep foveolae (ca. 0.03-0.04 mm in diameter), of which intervals are imbricate; intervals in vertex wider than diameter of foveolae; intervals in lateral and submedian part of frons as narrow as or narrower than diameter of foveolae; the area along mesal line without foveolae. Median portion of clypeus roundly and relatively strongly produced anteriad, imbricate; median longitudinal carina not reaching anterior clypeal margin; anterior clypeal margin deeply incurved medially. Compound eye less developed. Mandible with four teeth; basalmost tooth relatively shorter than other ones. Antennomere I (excluding basal condylar bulb) 2.7 × as long as maximum width; antennomere I:II:III = 5:1:1 in length; antennomere II 0.9 × as long as maximum width, narrowed and bent in basal part; antennomere III-XII each 0.76-0.85 × as long as maximum width, elongate-cylindrical; antennomere XIII (terminal) 1.3 × as long as maximum width, with round apex. Tarsal claws with thin and curved tooth.

Mesosoma. Pronotum with anterior flange extending anteriad beyond anterior margin of propleuron; transverse pronotal carina absent; cervical pronotal area in lateral view round, with a steep anterior face; dorsal area subtrapezoidal, with almost straight posterior margin, with deep foveolae of which intervals are wider than diameter of foveolae and weakly imbricate; LPD/WPD = 1.00-1.07. Mesoscutum overlain by posteromedian portion of pronotum. Mesoscutellum trapezoidal, 0.63-0.64 × as long as maximum width, weakly imbricate, with sparse and deep foveolae. Mesopleuron largely imbricate excluding smooth anterodorsal part, with sparse and deep foveolae; anterior, upper and lower fovea absent; mesopleural pit absent. Mesodiscrimen with weak median carina. Metasternum with metafurcal pit. Lateral face of metapectal-propodeal complex imbricates entirely. Metapectal-propodeal complex in dorsal view weakly constricted behind propodeal spiracles and then widened again posteriad, without any distinct carinae which subdivide dorsal face; LP/WP = 2.28-2.42; dorsomedian face weakly imbricate; median portion of propodeal declivity weakly and transversely rugoso-scabrous, with sparse foveolae.

Metasoma. Tergum II with weak longitudinal ridge, without longitudinal sulcus; sternum II without longitudinal median carina.

Material examined.

Japan: Irabu - jima. 15 males ( JM190717 _31-45); Makiyama Park , 24°48'57"N, 125°13'00"E, 93 m alt.; HauChuan Liao leg. (sweeping); 23/VII/2019 . 1 female ( JM190717 _28); Makiyama Park , 24°48'57"N, 125°13'00"E, 93 m alt.; HauChuan Liao leg. (sweeping); 23/VII/2019 . Iriomote - jima 1 male (JIR190717_47); Tropical Biosphere Research Center , 24°23'48"N, 123°48'11"E, 33 m alt. HauChuan Liao leg. (sweeping) . Taiwan: N. Taiwan. 2 males (TNT171019_04, TNT180504_01); Mt. Dadao Wurai , New Taipei City, 24°51'09"N, 121°33'27"E, 548 m alt.; Hauchuan Liao leg. (sweeping); 26/X/2017, 4/V/2018 . C. Taiwan. 1 male ( TN190315 _24); Sungpolun Trail , Nantou County, 23°52'06"N, 120°55'44"E, 789 m alt.; HauChuan Liao leg. (sweeping); 20/III/2019 . 1 female ( TN170427 _01); Huisun Experimental Forest , Nantou County. Po-Cheng Hsu leg.; 27/IV/2017 .

Taxonomic remarks.

This species is most similar in general appearance to P. ryukyuensis among the named species known from East and Southeast Asia (for details, see under Taxonomic remarks of " P. ryukyuensis ").

Distribution and habitat.

Eastern China (Zhejiang), southern Ryukyu, northern and central Taiwan (new to Taiwan); evergreen broadleaf forests.

Figures

Figure 8. Pristepyris mieae, female, holotype A head in full-face view B mandible C mesosoma in dorsal view D mesosoma in lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 9. Pristepyris ryukyuensis, male, holotype A head in full-face view B mandible C mesosoma in lateral view; arrow indicating an angulate corner present on cervical pronotal area D mesosoma in dorsal view; arrow indicating transverse pronotal carina present. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 11. Pristepyris zhejiangensis, male A-C, F, G TNT 180504 _ 01 D, E JM 190717 _ 33 A head in full-face view B antenna (left) C mandible D mesosoma in lateral view; arrow indicating an angulate corner present on cervical pronotal area E mesosoma in dorsal view; arrow indicating transverse pronotal carina present F forewing G hindwing. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 12. Pristepyris zhejiangensis, male genitalia, TNT 180504 _ 01 A hypopygium B, C genitalia in ventral view D apical lobe in outer-lateral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Figure 13. Pristepyris zhejiangensis, female, TN 170427 _ 01 A head in full-face view B antenna (left) C mandible D mesosoma in lateral view E mesosoma in dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.