Pouteria beaurepairei ( Glaziou & Raunkiaer 1889:7 ) Baehni (1942: 241)

Völtz, Rafael R., Alves-Araújo, Anderson & Goldenberg, Renato, 2020, Native Species of Sapotaceae Juss. in Paraná, Brazil, Phytotaxa 430 (4), pp. 224-276 : 247-249

5.1 Pouteria beaurepairei ( Glaziou & Raunkiaer 1889:7) Baehni (1942: 241) . Figure 13

Canopy tree or treelet. Trunk section cylindrical, buttressed or not; bark reddish-brown, brown or grayish-brown, scaly, scales papyraceous, rectangular or irregular; slash light yellow-orange or light-red, tangential section with ripple marks, not discoloured, with abundant or scanty latex. Stems with apical buds ferrugineous or not, young shoots reddish-brown, soon yellowish-brown, reddish-brown or grayish-brown, not lenticellate, cracked and scaling with irregular scales, slightly angled at fist, becoming rounded when older, apical bud sericeous-tomentose, young shoots sericeous-tomentose, puberulent or glabrous, seldom glabrescent, soon glabrous. Leaves spaced or loosely clustered at the stem apex. Petiole (2.0–)3.0–16.5(–21) mm long, flat or narrowly winged to grooved, sericeous-tomentose, pubescent, puberulent or glabrous at first, becoming glabrous. Leaf blade chartaceous or thinly coriaceous, 5.0–20.0 × 1.5–6.0 cm, narrow-obovate, oblanceolate, seldom oblong or narrow-elliptic, apex obtuse, acuminate, shortly acuminate, acute or rounded, seldom emarginate, base cuneate or acute, narrowly decurrent, sometimes sericeous-tomentos at first, glabrous on both sides or with sparse hairs on the midrib on the abaxial surface, venation eucamptodromous or eucampto-brochidodromous, midrib flat or raised on the adaxial surface, raised on the abaxial surface, secondaries 4–19 pairs, convergent, arcuate, or straight and slightly arcuate near the margin, parallel, slightly raised on the adaxial surface, raised on the abaxial surface, thin intramarginal vein present, intersecondaries absent or poorly developed, tertiary veins loosely reticulate or percurrent, branches oblique, slightly raised on both sides, quaternary veins reticulate. Inflorescences axillary or ramiflorous, 1–5(–7)-flowered. Pedicel 1.7–5.0 mm long, sericeous-tomentose, pubescent, puberulent or glabrescent. Flowers androgynous or unisexual (in this case lacking the anthers, but with persistent filaments in the pistillate flower), pinkish or cream in vivo; calyx in 2 whorls of 2 sepals, 2.5–3.9 mm long, the outer ones narrow-ovate or ovate, apex rounded, acute ou obtuse, margin entire, abaxial surface sericeous-tomentose, pubescent or puberulent, adaxial surface glabrous, without a broad glabrous marginal stripe, the inner ones wide-elliptic, suborbiculate, ovate ou elliptic, apex obtuse or rounded, margin sparsely ciliate, abaxial surface sericeous-tomentose, pubescent, puberulent or glabrous, adaxial surface glabrous, with a broad glabrous marginal stripe; corolla tubulose or cyathiform, glabrous, 3.0– 5.2 mm long, tube slightly longer or longer than the lobes, 2.0– 3.5 mm long, lobes 4, 1.0– 2.5 mm long, oblong or wide-oblong, apex rounded, obtuse or truncate, margin ciliate; stamens 4, fixed halfway or in the lower third of the corolla tube, filaments 1.0– 2.6 mm long, glabrous, anthers 1.0– 1.5 mm long, glabrous; staminodes 4, 1.0–2.0 mm long, oblong or wide-oblong, margin ciliate; ovary 4-locular, 0.8–1.8 mm long, globose or subglobose, style 2.0–3.0 mm long, glabrous or lanate at the base, stigma slightly lobed. Fruit ripening yellowish, orangish or reddish, when older grayish-brown, ca. 2.5–3.0 × 2.5–3.2 cm, globose, puberulent or glabrescent, hard thick pericarp, calyx persistent, 1–3-seeded. Seed ca. 1.9 × 1.4 cm, ellipsoid and laterally compressed when two or more in a fruit; testa smooth or rugulose, matt; scar 19 mm long, broad, covering the whole seed length, ellipsoid.

Selected material: — BRAZIL. Paraná: Congonhinhas, 10 February 1999, E.M. Francisco s.n. ( ESA, FUEL 23769, MBM). Guaraqueçaba, 15 April 2017, R.R. Völtz 23 ( EFC, MBM, NY, UPCB, VIES). Guaratuba, 6 January 1999, M. Borgo 367 ( EFC, NY, UPCB). Londrina, E. Bianchini s.n. ( FUEL 35055). Morretes, 25 August 2010, M. Verdi 5527 ( FURB, RB, FLOR). Morretes, 26 August 2017, R.R. Völtz 1562 ( EFC, MBM, NY, UPCB, VIES). Ortigueira, 6 September 2012, C. Michelon 1533 ( MBM). Paranaguá, 2 November 1965, G.G. Hatschbach 13074 ( MBM). Paranaguá, 19 January 1980, R. Kummrow 1326 ( MBM, NY). Paula Freitas, 25 June 2014, P. Hoffmann s.n. ( EFC 14374). Pitanga, 19 February 2005, A.E. Bianek 233 ( HCF, MBM).

Additional selected material: — BRAZIL. Santa Catarina: Araquari, 22 January 2008, M.S. Weiers 22 ( MBM).

In Paraná Pouteria beaurepairei occurs in three regions: (1) Atlantic coast between sea level and 20 m elev., in Lowland Atlantic Rain Forest on sandy soils; (2) Serra do Mar slopes between 850 and 950 m elev, in Montane Atlantic Rain Forest; (3) Second and Third Plateaus, between 500 and 960 m elev., in Araucaria Forest and Semideciduous Seasonal Forest. Collected with flowers in December, January, February, March and August. The fruits usually remain in the tree and in many cases the older fruits persist for a long time, so that they are collected throughout the year. It can be recognized by the leaves glabrous on both sides and yellowish to reddish fruits. The specimens from the Atlantic Rain Forest show a scaly bark, and the slash with concentric rings of white and dark colors in the outer bark. We did not see the bark of specimens occurring at the Plateaus. There are slight morphological differences between populations in these three regions: the specimens from Lowland Atlantic Rain Forest usually have glabrous young shoots, flat petioles, obtuse to rounded leaf apex, secondary veins convergent and arcuate, fewer secondary veins (4–9) and loosely reticulate tertiary veins; the specimens from the Montane Atlantic Rain Forest have ferrugineous, sericeous-tomentose apical buds, puberulent young shoots, flat petioles, shortly acuminate or acute leaf apex, secondary veins parallel, straight and slightly arcuate near the margin, more secondary veins (10–19), and tertiary veins usually oblique; the specimens from the Second and Third Plateaus have sericeous-tomentose to glabrescent young shoots, narrowly winged to grooved petioles, acuminate to obtuse leaf apex, secondary veins convergent and arcuate, fewer secondary veins (6–13) and loosely reticulate tertiary veins. Pouteria beaurepairei is similar to Pouteria caimito , and the differences between them are described under the latter.

Conservation Status: —This species was listed as “Least concern” ( LC) by CNCFlora (2018). In Paraná P. beaurepairei is widespread along the Lowland Atlantic Rain Forest, and few individuals are in protected areas. In the Montane Atlantic Rain Forest it is known from only three specimens collected in Marumbi State Park. The populations from the Second and Third Plateaus are scattered along the borders between Araucaria Forest and the Semideciduous Seasonal Forest, and few individuals are in protected areas. Nowadays the main problem to its conservation is the loss of habitat to urbanization, mainly in the Lowland Atlantic Rain Forest, and to agriculture at the Second and Third plateaus.

Figures

FIGURE 13. Pouteria beaurepairei. A. Habit. B. Bark. C. Slash. D.Abaxial surface of the leaf. E. Flower, longitudinal section. F.Adaxial surface of the corolla and detail of the ciliate margin. G. Lateral and frontal view of the seed. H. Fruit. I. Stem with fruit. J. Detail of the venation. (A–C, from R.R. Völtz 1033; D, G–I from R.R. Völtz 23; E from R. Kummrow 1326; F from M.S. Weiers 22; J from J.M. Silva 1680) (ov: ovary; sc: seed scar; st: stamen; stm: staminode).