Polyblastidium propaguliferum (Vain.) Kalb, 2015

Mongkolsuk, Pachara, Meesim, Sanya, Poengsungnoen, Vasun, Buaruang, Kawinnat, Schumm, Felix & Kalb, Klaus, 2015, The lichen family Physciaceae in Thailand-II. Contributions to the genus Heterodermia sensu lato, Phytotaxa 235 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

8. Polyblastidium propaguliferum (Vain.) Kalb , comb. nov. ( Fig. 11C )

Mycobank MB 813846

Basionym: Anaptychia hypoleuca ssp. dendritica var. propagulifera Vain., Philipp. J. Sci., C , 8: 107 (1913); Type:— PHILIPPINES. Benguet; Baguio, 150 m, May 1911, C.H. Robinson 14071; (TUR-VAIN 8003!); Anaptychia subheterochroa var. propagulifera (Vain.) Kurok., J. Jap. Bot. 35: 241 (1960); Heterodermia dendritica var. propagulifera (Vain.) Poelt , Nova Hedwigia 9: 31

THE LICHEN FAMILY PHYSCIACEAE IN THAILAND —II

Phytotaxa 235 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press • 45 (1965); Heterodermia propagulifera (Vain.) Dey, In : Parker & Roane, Dist. Hist. Biota S. Appal. 4: 403 (1977); Anaptychia japonica var. reagens Kurok., J. Jap. Bot. 35(8): 354 (1960). Type:— JAPAN. Sagami Prov.: Mt Kintoki, Hakone, 26 Apr. 1958, S. Kurokawa 58064; (TNS, holotype n.v.; M, TNS, US, isotype n.v.); Heterodermia reagens (Kurok.) Elix, Australas. Lichenol. 67: 6 (2010).

Thallus foliose, usually irregularly spreading to rarely orbicular, loosely adnate, to 5 cm wide, but often coalescing to form colonies up to 15 cm wide. Lobes 0.7–2.0 mm wide, to ca. 2–4 (–5) mm wide at the tips, plane to weakly convex or weakly concave, sublinear-elongate, irregularly branched, radiating; apices ascending, usually discrete, ±lobulate along the lobe margins, lobules ± rounded or sparingly branched, 0.3–0.8 mm wide, developing small soralia. Upper surface greenish white, whitish to pale gray, sorediate; soredia farinose to granular; soralia on lateral or terminal lobes, occasionally spreading along the lobe margin, labriform to capitate. Medulla white. Lower surface ecorticate, arachnoid, white to violet-black in the centre, lacking yellow pigments. Rhizines marginal, black, simple or squarrosely branched, 1–3(–7) mm long. Apothecia very rare, laminal, substipitate, 1–8 mm wide; margin lobulate, lobules ecorticate, partly yellow on the lower surface, apically sorediate; disc concave, dark brown to brown-black, ±gray pruinose. Ascospores Polyblastidia - type, ellipsoidal, with 2–3 sporoblastidia, 40–45 × 20–23 µm. Pycnidia common, initially immersed, becoming emergent, visible as black dots; conidia bacilliform, 4–5 × 1 µm.

Chemistry: Cortex K+ yellow, C–, KC–, P+ yellow; medulla K+ yellow then red, C–, P+ dark yellow; containing atranorin (major), zeorin (major), japonene (major), 16β-acetoxyhopane- 6α,22-diol (trace), 6αacetoxy-22-hydroxyhopane-25-oic acid (trace), norstictic acid (minor), connorstictic acid (trace), ± salazinic acid (minor or trace), anaptychin-5 (minor), anaptychin-1 (trace).

Nomenclature notes: — Kurokawa (1962) and all subseqent authors that we have checked (e.g. Poelt 1965, Dey 1977), cited Anaptychia dendritica (Pers.) Vain. var. propagulifera Vain. as basionym. However, Vainio (1890: 134) as well as Vainio (1913: 106) wrote: * A. dendritica (Pers.) Wain. and the entry in 1913 was followed by the footnote: "* An asterisk indicates a subspecies". So the correct basionym is that given above.— Elix (2011c) treated this species as synonym with Heterodermia japonica , but TLC of the holotype revealed the presence of norstictic acid, thus Heterodermia reagens becomes a synonym of P. propaguliferum .

Distribution and habitat:—This species occurs on bark of trees ( Cassia bakeriana , Cinnamomum porrectum , Acer pseudoplatanus , Betula alnoides , Lithocarpus polystachyus and Castanopsis are reported) and, more rarely, on mossy rocks in lower montane rainforest, hill evergreen forest, dry evergreen forest, lower montane scrub and lower montane forest from 900–2210 m above sea level; also in Australia, Central and South America, Africa and Asia. Interestingly, this common and widespread species had not previously been reported for Thailand, hence it is a new addition to the Thai lichen biota.

Remarks:—This lichen is characterized by the sorediate lobe apices, an ecorticate lower surface that lacks yellow pigments, and the presence of norstictic acid. This is the depsidone-containing counterpart of P. japonicum .

Material from Thailand examined:—There are too many collections to be listed individually, but a few representative specimens are cited. The species is known from the provinces of Nan: Doi Phu Kha, area of view point Doi Phu Kha, on Cassia bakeriana in hill evergreen forest, 1470 m, 19°18'12.83'' N, 101°09'54.97'' E, S. Meesim RU-DK28.1 ( RAMK 21606)— Chiang Mai: Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden; Doi Suthep-Pui, along trail from research centre of Suan Song Saeng Kasetsart University to National guard units 1 Pha Dum, in hill evergreen forest, on bark of Cinnamomum porrectum , 1420 m, 18°45'04'' N, 98°53'16'' E, 30 April 2005, W. Hongsachart RU-WD 55, ( RAMK 21655); Doi Inthanon National Park, along trail to Kew Mae Parn, on bark of unidentified tree in hill evergreen forest, 2210 m, 18°33'26.87'' N, 98°25'56.32'' E, 27 October 2005, N. Juntawong RU-NJ 1999 ( RAMK 21626— Loei: Na Haeo National Park, area of check point 1, in hill evergreen forest, on rock, 1260 m, 17°30'15'' N, 100°56'25'' E, 12 July 1995, P. Mongkolsuk 4180, ( RAMK 21871); Phuluang Wildlife Sanctuary, forest protection unit office, Lon Tae substation, in lower montane scrub forest, on bark of Acer pseudoplatanus , 1260 m, 17°14'18'' N, 101°33'19'' E, 12 November 2009, S. Meesim & K. Buaruang RU-MSPL 651, ( RAMK 21140)— Phitsanulok: Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park, area of Kang Han Nam water fall, in lower montane rain forest, on rock, 1165 m, 16°59'31'' N, 100°00'44'' E, 6 June 2003, P. Mongkolsuk RU-PM 151, ( RAMK 21769)— Kamphaeng Phet: Maewong, along trail Chong Yen, in hill evergreen forest, on bark of Betula alnoides , 1340 m, 16°06'03'' N, 99°06'27'' E, 2 May 2006, S. Meesim RU-MW 8, ( RAMK 21408)—Nakon Ratchasima: Khao Yai National Park, north of the main road no. 3077 from the park's headquarters to Khao Khaeo, in hill evergreen forest, on bark of unidentified tree, 1390 m, 14°21'40'' N, 101°23'35'' E, 4 November 1997, K. Boonpragob RU-

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MONGKOLSUK ET AL.

9719, ( RAMK 8983)— Phetchaburi: Kaeng Krachan, along trail Khao Phanoenthung , in hill evergreen forest, on bark of Lithocarpus polystachyus , 1210 m, 12°53'07'' N, 99°37'53'' E, 12 February 2006, S . Meesim, RU-MW 100, ( RAMK 21610 ) .

Figures

FIGURE 11. A. Polyblastidium japonicum (scale 5 mm). B. Polyblastidium microphyllum (scale 5 mm). C. Polyblastidium propaguliferum (scale 5 mm). D. Polyblastidium queenslandicum (scale 5 mm). E. Polyblastidium togashii (scale 5 mm). F. Polyblastidium violostriatum (scale 5 mm).