Phylloporus montanus E. Gutiérrez, Montoya, Ant. Ramos & A. Andrade, 2024

Gutiérrez-Domínguez, Erick, Montoya, Leticia, Ramos, Antero, Torres, Antonio Andrade-, Noa-Carrazana, Juan Carlos, Ortiz-Ceballos, Ángel Isauro & Bandala, Victor Manuel, 2024, Two new species of Phylloporus (Boletaceae) from the montane cloud forest of Eastern Mexico, Phytotaxa 668 (1), pp. 44-62 : 46-50

Phylloporus montanus E. Gutiérrez, Montoya, Ant. Ramos & A. Andrade , sp. nov. ( Figures 2 , 3 )

MycoBank Number: B852293

Diagnosis: This species is distinguished from other Phylloporus species by the combination of pileus plane-convex, margin straight; context thin, not caerulescent; lamellae close to subdistant, caerulescent; stipe surface with long and loose fibers over a smooth ground, not scaly; basal mycelium white; basidiospores 3.5–5 µm diam (x = 4–4.2 μm), = 2.4–2.7, with pale yellowish-green tinges; pleurocystidia (55) 64–111 (115) × 8–27 μm, clavate to subcylindrical, subfusiform, subventricose; cheilocystidia 8–21 μm diam, subclavate, subfusoid, at times sphaeropedunculate; pileipellis a trichodermis with intercalary cells 52–85 × 6–16 μm, cylindrical, inflated, terminal cells 22–64 × 5–8 μm, cylindrical, subclavate; and habiting in mountain cloud forest.

Holotype:— MEXICO. Veracruz: Municipality of Xalapa, Santuario del Bosque de Niebla, 1343 m elev., 21 August 2019, Gutiérrez 94 ( XAL); gregarious, in soil, ectomycorrhizal, under Quercus spp . Gene sequence ex-holotype: PP359573 (ITS), PP354878 (nLSU), PP346841 ( TEF1 ).

Etymology:— Montanus (Lat.) = growing on mountains, referring to its distribution in the montane cloud forest.

Description: Pileus 20–50 mm diam, plane-convex, slightly depressed at the center when mature, dry, tomentose to subvelvety, reddish-brown (7D6-8) with orange tinges (6C6-8), reddish-vinaceous to reddish-brown (6DE, 7E8); margin entire, undulate when mature, under lens with adnate hairy squamules. Lamellae 2–8 mm broad, close to subdistant, subdecurrent to decurrent, straight or somewhat ventricose, undulate when mature, mustard yellow (2A7- 8; 3A6-7), in age with reddish-brown stains, staining blue-green when handled, with 1-2 lamellulae between two lamellae. Stipe 22–45 × 3–8 mm, cylindrical, central, somewhat sulcate specially towards the apex, in some specimens with long and loose fibers over a smooth ground, not scaly, reddish (8D 7, 8E 7) at the apex and from the middle area to the base pale yellow (3A2-3), at times with reddish tinges at the base. Context thin, scarce at pileus, whitish (1A2) to pale yellow, with reddish colors towards the stipe base, unchanging when bruised or cut. Odor mild, agreeable. Taste fungoid. Basal mycelium whitish. Chemical reactions, KOH negative or only slightly darkening the basidiome surfaces, somewhat reddish at the lamellae surfaces; NH4OH dark blue to black greenish, darkening the lamellae surfaces.

Basidiospores 9–12 (13) × 3.5–5 µm, x = 9.9–11 × 4–4.2 μm, = 2.4–2.7, subcylindrical to subfusiform, with a faint suprahilar depression, apex rounded or attenuated, translucid, with yellowish-green tinges, most with refringent greenish contents, thin walled. Basidia 27–40 (45) × 7–9 (12) μm, clavate, attenuated towards the base, tetrasporic, sterigma 3–5 μm in length, translucid, some with greenish contents, thin walled. Pleurocystidia (55) 64–111 (115) × 8–27 μm, clavate to subcylindrical, subfusiform, subventricose, at times lageniform, other mucronate, attenuated towards the base, some with refringent guttules, thin walled, numerous. Cheilocystidia (33) 43–85 × 8–21 μm, subclavate, subfusoid, some subutriform, attenuated towards the base, at times sphaeropedunculate, other continuously subcylindrical, hyaline, some with refringent guttules, thin walled, numerous. Pileipellis a trichodermis composed of loosely arranged intermixed chains of elongate cells, anticlinally oriented but frequently somewhat inclined; intercalary cells 52–85 × 6–16 μm diam, cylindrical, inflated, hyaline, thin walled, faintly yellowish; terminal cells 22–64 × 5–8 μm, cylindrical, subclavate, hyaline, some yellowish, thin walled. Hymenophoral trama bilateral, with a medium stratum composed of hyphae 4–7 µm diam, cylindrical, hyaline, thin walled, in a compact arrangement, at times with fine incrustations; lateral strata hyphae 7–18 µm diam, subcylindrical, at times inflated, hyaline, thin walled, with fine incrustations, the latter at times yellowish green. Context hyphae 9–22 µm diam, subcylindrical to subventricose, hyaline, pale yellowish in group, thin walled, at times with fine yellowish incrustations.

Habitat:—In soil, ectomycorrhizal, under Quercus spp ., in mountain cloud forest.

Additional materials examined:— MEXICO. Veracruz, Municipality of Xalapa, Santuario del Bosque de Niebla , 10 July 2018, Gutiérrez 62 ; 2 July 2019, Gutiérrez 88 (all in XAL) .

Comments:—As inferred in the phylogeny ( Figure 1 ) Phylloporus montanus is closely related to P. quercophilus ( Montoya et al. 2019) . However, both have a distinct basidiome habit and a different set of microscopical features. Phylloporus quercophilus presents a more pulvinate pileus, with an incurved margin also in mature specimens, it has a more robust appearance, due to a thicker pileus context and wider stipe (up to 13 mm wide vs. 8 mm wide) and with the stipe surface frequently with appressed reddish or even finely furfuraceous scales. There are also differences in the hymenophore, P. quercophilus having frequent interparietal veins or anastomosis between the lamellae and even beneath the pileus. In P. montanus the basal mycelium is white, while in P. quercophilus it is yellowish. Microscopically, the species here described has wider basidiospores (x = 4–4.2 μm diam, = 2.4–2.7 vs. x = 3.6–3.7 µm diam,

= 2.7–2.9); larger pleurocystidia [(55) 64–111 (115) × 8–27 µm vs. 50–102 × 8–16 µm] with different shapes; broader cheilocystidia (8–21 µm wide vs. 8–14 µm wide), also with different shapes (including sphaeropedunculate). Furthermore, the terminal elements of the pileipellis are longer in P. montanus than in P. quercophilus (22–64 µm long vs. 20–48 µm long). This latter grows in Quercus tropical forest, at 850 m altitude, under different ecological conditions, with Quercus oleoides and probaby Q. sapotifolia as potential ectomycorrhizal hosts ( Montoya et al. 2019).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic analysis by maximun likelihood and Bayesian inference of the concatenated dataset of ITS-nLSU-TEF1 sequences of Phylloporus species. Only bootstrap values (BS) of ≥ 70% and Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP) of ≥ 0.90 were considered and indicated on the tree branches (BS/BPP).

FIGURE 2. Phylloporus montanus (Gutiérrez 94, holotype). a basidiomes, b basidiospores, c hymenophoral trama, d longitudinal section of pileipellis. Scale bar: 10 mm (a), 10 µm (b), 65 µm (c), 25 µm (d).

FIGURE 3. Phylloporus montanus (Gutiérrez 94, holotype). a pleurocystidia, b basidiospores, c basidia, d cheilocystidia. Scale bar: 10 µm (a, c–d,), 5 µm (b).