Philonthus cyanicornis, Mannerheim, 1830

Herman, Taphylininae Iochini Aorothiini Thiini Latyprosopini Taphylinini Mblyopinina Nisolinina Yptiomina Hilonthina Lee H., 2001, Catalog of the Staphylinidae (Insecta: Coleoptera). 1758 to the End of the Second Millennium. V. Staphylinine Group (Part 2) Staphylininae: Diochini, Maorothiini, Othiini, Platyprosopini, Staphylinini (Amblyopinina, Anisolinina, Hyptiomina, Philonthina), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2001 (265), pp. 2441-3020 : 2441-3020

cyanicornis Mannerheim, 1830 , see: politus Linné, 1758 .

cyanipennis Fabricius, 1793: 525 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Parisiae).

— Fabricius, 1801: 597 ( Staphylinus ; characters; France).

— Turton, 1802: 512 ( Staphylinus ; characters; France).

— Latreille, 1804: 308 ( Staphylinus ; synonym of amoenus Olivier ).

— Gravenhorst, 1806: 86 ( Staphylinus ; characters).

— Curtis, 1829: 25 ( Quedius ; catalog; Britain).

— Stephens, 1832: 230 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).

— Curtis, 1836: pl. 610 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).

— Lacordaire, 1835: 387 ( Staphylinus ; characters; France).

— Heer, 1839: 260 ( Philonthus ; characters; Switzerland).

— Stephens, 1839: 395 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).

— Erichson, 1840: 433 ( Philonthus ; characters; France; Austria; Chersonesus Taurica; Pennsylvania [Note: Based on work by Smetana, 1995e: 117 the last locality is misidentification of caeruleipennis ]).

— Laporte, 1840: 177 ( Staphylinus ; characters; France).

— Dufour, 1843: 33 ( Staphylinus ; characters; France).

— Redtenbacher, 1849: 700 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).

— Fairmaire and Laboulbène, 1856: 518 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 573 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Redtenbacher, 1857: 190 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).

— Fauvel, 1874: 215 [= 1874a: 441] ( Philonthus ; cited as cyaneipennis ; characters; France; Germany; Switzerland; Austria; Sardinia; Russia; Dauria; North America [Note: Based on work by Smetana, 1995e: 117 the last locality is misidentification of caeruleipennis ]).

— Redtenbacher, 1874: 209 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).

— Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 366 [= 1877: 223] ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 444 ( Philonthus ; characters; middle Europe; Siberia ; Siberia ; Japan;

North America [Note: Based on work by Smetana, 1995e: 117 the last two localities are misidentifications of caeruleipennis ]).

— Reitter, 1909: 126 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 334 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Šulc, 1922 ( Philonthus ; osmeterium; anatomy; histology; physiology).

— Portevin, 1929: 358 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1339 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Aleksandrov, 1934: 152 ( Philonthus ; China).

— Wüsthoff, 1934: 60 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).

— Scheerpeltz and Höfler, 1948: 156 ( Philonthus ; characters; fungus inhabitant).

— Smetana, 1955b: 228 ( Philonthus ; notes).

— Smetana, 1958: 161 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).

— Smetana, 1959: 149 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Lohse, 1964: 178 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).

— Horion, 1965: 133 ( Philonthus ; Ukraine; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Romania; Bosnia; Croatia; Slovakia; Italy; Sardinia; Switzerland; France; Belgium; Germany; Austria).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 393 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Raianu, 1968a: 462 ( Philonthus ; Romania).

— Coiffait, 1974a: 198 ( Philonthus ; Siberia ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 225 ( Philonthus ; characters; Palaearctic region).

— Tóth, 1984: 50 ( Philonthus ; characters; Hungary).

— Yuh, Paik, Kwon, and Lee, 1985: 240 ( Philonthus ; Korea).

— Lucht, 1987: 105 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux).

— J. Li, 1993: 36 ( Philonthus ; China).

— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).

— Kanehisa, Tsumuki, and Kawazu, 1994 ( Philonthus ; cited as cyanippenis; chemical secretions).

— Smetana, 1995e: 117 ( Philonthus ; in a footnote Smetana reported Schillhammer’s discovery that cyanipennis is restricted to temperate continental Eurasia; the North American and

Japanese records refer to caeruleipennis ; [Note: According to Smetana’s interpretation, all citations of cyanipennis in North America and Japan have been moved to caeruleipennis ]).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 28 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Schillhammer, 1998: 104 ( Philonthus ; characters; Russia, Kazakhstan; China; Korea).

— Kashcheev, 1999a: 57 ( Philonthus ; Kazakhstan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Russia, China, Korea.

amoenus Olivier, 1795 :(42): 26 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Fontainebleau).

— Fabricius, 1801: 597 ( Staphylinus ; synonym of cyanipennis Fabricius ).

— Latreille, 1804: 308 ( Staphylinus ; characters).

— Gravenhorst, 1806: 86 ( Staphylinus ; synonym of cyanipennis Fabricius ).

— Stephens, 1839: 395 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cyanipennis ).

— Erichson, 1840: 433 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cyanipennis ).

— Redtenbacher, 1849: 700 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cyanipennis ).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 574 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cyanipennis ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 444 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cyanipennis ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 334 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cyanipennis ).

— Smetana, 1958: 161 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cyanipennis ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 225 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cyanipennis ).

— Schillhammer, 1998: 104 ( Philonthus ; synonym of cyanipennis ).

cyanopterus Cameron, 1945c: 715 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: South Africa: Simon’s Town ). - DISTRIBUTION: South Africa.

cyclopius Cameron, 1939b: 146 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: New Guinea: Cyclops Mts.:

Mt. Lina, altitude 3500–4500 feet).

- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.

cylindricollis Cameron, 1934e: 373 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mayumbe: Tshiobo N’Goy). — Cameron, 1952e: 831 ( Philonthus ; Dahomey).

— Tottenham, 1962: 187, 188 ( Philonthus ; characters).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo, Benin.

daimio Sharp, 1889: 42 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Otaru; Hakodate).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 334 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1339 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan.

dampfi Bernhauer, 1929 h: 194 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mexiko: Desierto de los Leones). — Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1339 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Mexico.

danicus Coiffait, 1963: 23 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Israël: Jaffa. Also cited from Lebanon). — Coiffait, 1967a: 420 ( Philonthus ; characters; Palestine; Lebanon).

— Coiffait, 1974: 246 ( Philonthus ; characters; Lebanon; Israel).

— Drugmand, 1987: 275 ( Philonthus ; characters).

- DISTRIBUTION: Israel, Lebanon.

dauloensis Last, 1987: 25 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Papua New Guinea: New Guinea NE: Asaru-Chimbu Div., Daulo Pass, 2400 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.

daunus Tottenham, 1953 , see: alterius Cameron, 1951 .

davus Smetana, 1995e: 97 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: California: S. Bern. Mts., Hwy. 38,

3 mi SW Onyx Summit, 7700 ft. Also cited from Alberta, British Columbia, Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.

debiliformis Cameron, 1951c: 402 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kenya Colony : Magadi).

— Tottenham, 1961: 204 ( Philonthus ; Senegal).

— Tottenham, 1962: 138, 194 ( Philonthus ; characters; Tanganyika).

— Smetana, 1958: 180 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).

— Smetana, 1959: 154 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Scheerpeltz, 1961d: 128 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Palm, 1963b: 83 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden; Denmark; Norway; Finland).

— Lohse, 1964: 182 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).

— Scheerpeltz, 1965b: 401 ( Philonthus ; Sicily).

— Scheerpeltz, 1965c: 506 ( Philonthus ; Sicily).

— Smetana, 1965: 14 ( Philonthus ; Newfoundland).

— Horion, 1965: 154 ( Philonthus ; all Europe).

— Sawada, 1966: 259 ( Philonthus ; Afghanistan).

— Pototskaia, 1966: 157 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).

— Pototskaia, 1967: 61 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 413 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Szujecki, 1968a: 729 ( Philonthus ; Poland).

— Coiffait, 1974: 265 ( Philonthus ; characters; Holarctic region).

— Osella and Zanetti, 1975: 109 ( Philonthus ; collected from nest of Talpa europaea ; notes; Italy).

— Smetana 1975c: 170 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).

— Shilov, 1976: 149 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).

— Pace and Zanetti, 1977: 292 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Pope, 1977: 29 ( Philonthus ; Britain).

— Smetana, 1978: 117 ( Philonthus ; collecting notes; Israel).

— Frank, 1982: 39 ( Philonthus ; list of parasites).

— Tóth, 1984: 65 ( Philonthus ; characters; Hungary).

— Lucht, 1987: 104 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden).

— Pilon and Zanetti, 1991: 58 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— J. Li, 1993: 37 ( Philonthus ; China).

— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).

— Smetana, 1995e: 195 ( Philonthus ; lectotype designation: Europa; characters; notes; Alberta; British Columbia; Manitoba; Now Brunswick; Newfoundland ; Nova Scotia; Ontario; Prince Edward Island; Quebec; Saskatchewan; Arizona; California; Colorado; Connecticut; Florida; Idaho; Illinois; Indiana; Iowa; Kansas; Maine; Maryland; Massachusetts; Michigan; Minnesota; Montana; New Hampshire; New Jersey; New York; Ohio; Oregon; Pennsylvania; Rhode Island; South Dakota; Utah; Virginia; Washington; West Virginia; Wisconsin; Wyoming) .

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 28 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Downie and Arnett, 1996: 378 ( Philonthus ; characters; USA).

- DISTRIBUTION: Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Europe, Russia, Caucasus, Turkey, Israel, Iran, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Mongolia, China, Japan, Canada, USA.

lucidus Gravenhorst, 1802: 21 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Europa; [Note: See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]. No locality originally cited).

— Latreille, 1804: 310 ( Staphylinus ; characters; notes; France; Germany).

— C. Sahlberg, 1830: 322 ( Staphylinus ; synonym of fimetarius Gravenhorst ).

— Stephens, 1832: 232 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).

— Curtis, 1836: pl. 610 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).

— Erichson, 1839a: 467 ( Philonthus ; synonym of debilis ).

— Stephens, 1839: 396 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).

— Erichson, 1840: 472 ( Philonthus ; synonym of debilis ).

— Küster, 1854: 10 ( Philonthus ; synonym of debilis ).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 604 ( Philonthus ; synonym of debilis ).

— Fauvel, 1869: 489 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varius ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 453 ( Philonthus ; synonym of debilis ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 334, 359 ( Philonthus ; synonym of debilis [334] and varius [359]).

— Smetana, 1958: 180, 184 ( Philonthus ; synonym of debilis [180] and varius [184]).

— Coiffait, 1974: 265 ( Philonthus ; synonym of debilis ).

— Seidlitz, 1875: 275 ( Philonthus ; characters; Baltic region).

— Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 391 [= 1877: 247] ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— J. Sahlberg, 1876: 19 ( Philonthus ; Finland).

— Fowler, 1888: 264 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 447 ( Philonthus ; characters; north and middle Europe).

— Poppius, 1905: 9 ( Philonthus ; Shetland Islands).

— Reitter, 1909: 127 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 334 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Johansen, 1914: 396 ( Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).

— Šulc, 1922 ( Philonthus ; osmeterium; anatomy; histology; physiology).

— Portevin, 1929: 360 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1339 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Wüsthoff, 1934: 60 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).

— V. Hansen, 1952: 54 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).

— Smetana, 1958: 181 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).

— Smetana, 1959: 149 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Palm, 1963b: 71 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden; Denmark; Norway; Finland).

— Lohse, 1964: 177 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).

— Horion, 1965: 131 ( Philonthus ; northern and central Europe; France; Italy; Bosnia Hercegovina).

— Evans, 1965 ( Philonthus ; feeding behavior; Britain).

— Pototskaia, 1966: 158 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).

— Pototskaia, 1967: 63 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 397 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe).

— Raianu, 1968a: 466 ( Philonthus ; Romania).

— Frank, 1968 ( Philonthus ; biological notes).

— Szujecki, 1968a: 729 ( Philonthus ; Poland).

— Kasule, 1970: 68 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).

— Coiffait, 1974: 230 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe; Britain; Russia; Italy; Balkans).

— Pace and Zanetti, 1977: 292 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Pope, 1977: 29 ( Philonthus ; Britain).

— Raichev, 1979: 82 ( Philonthus ; Bulgaria).

— Hinton, 1981: 661 ( Philonthus ; characters of egg).

— Frank, 1982: 40 ( Philonthus ; list of parasites).

— Boller, 1983: 119 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).

— Tóth, 1984: 47 ( Philonthus ; characters; Hungary).

— Lucht, 1987: 105 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden).

— Nowosad, 1990: 103 ( Philonthus ; collected from mole nest; notes; Poland).

— Pilon and Zanetti, 1991: 60 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 28 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Staniec, 1996: 118 ( Philonthus ; pupal characters).

— K. Bland, 1997: 204 ( Philonthus ; eaten by toad; Scotland).

— Staniec, 1999a: 56 ( Philonthus ; characters of pupa; Poland).

— Schillhammer, 2000: 153 ( Philonthus ; characters; Russia).

— Owen, 2000: 251 ( Philonthus ; pitfall trap collections from underground at roots of trees; Britain).

— Assing, 2001: 75 ( Philonthus ; collected from xerothermous site; Germany).

- DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Russia.

rossicus Coiffait, 1965 g: 616 ( Sectophilonthus ; Type locality: Vologolskaia obl. , Evropeiskaia chast’ SSSR).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 397 ( Philonthus ; notes).

— Coiffait, 1974: 6 ( Palaeophilonthus ; characters; Russia).

— Abdullah, 1975 ( Sectophilonthus ; aedeagal characters).

— Smetana, 1995e: 51 ( Philonthus ; transferred from Palaeophilonthus by reason of Smetana’s synonym of the genus with Philonthus ).

definitus Cameron, 1950 g: 35 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Belgian Congo: vers Rweru ,

volc. Mikeno, alt. 2400 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

dejectus Cameron, 1932: 108 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Chakrata district; Bangar,

alt. 6000 feet).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1339 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Coiffait, 1982: 30 ( Philonthus ; Nepal).

- DISTRIBUTION: India, Nepal.

delectus Last, 1968 , see: Hesperus .

deleterius Tottenham, 1955: 160 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Spatulonthus ; Type locality: Kenya: Muguga).

— Tottenham, 1962: 139 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Spatulonthus ; Tanganyika).

- DISTRIBUTION: Kenya, Tanzania.

deletus Sharp, 1876 , see: Neobisnius .

delicatulus Boheman, 1858: 29 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: China).

— Fauvel, 1904a: 58 ( Philonthus ; Belgaum; Nilghiris; Ceylan; Bírmanie; Indochina; Annam; China; Sumatra; Java).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Cameron, 1921a: 376, 405 ( Philonthus ; characters; Singapore).

— Cameron, 1932: 98 ( Philonthus ; characters; Ceylon).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1339 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Cameron, 1933d: 386 ( Philonthus ; Sumatra).

— Scheerpeltz, 1954: 113 ( Philonthus , cited as Phylonthus; Ceylon).

— Yadav, Chand, and Yadav, 1995: 6 ( Philonthus ; morphology of mitotic and meiotic chromosomes).

- DISTRIBUTION: China, Indonesia, Singapore, Vietnam, Myanmar, India, Sri Lanka. lativentris Motschulsky, 1858: 663 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Indes orientales).

— Fauvel, 1904a: 58 ( Philonthus ; synonym of delicatulus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 335 ( Philonthus ; synonym of delicatulus ).

— Cameron, 1932: 98 ( Philonthus ; synonym of delicatulus ).

subirideus Kraatz, 1859: 81 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Ceylan).

— Fauvel, 1904a: 58 ( Philonthus ; synonym of delicatulus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 335 ( Philonthus ; synonym of delicatulus ).

— Cameron, 1932: 98 ( Philonthus ; synonym of delicatulus ).

delusor Tottenham, 1955: 159 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Spatulonthus ; Type locality: Abyssinia: Djem-Djem Forest).

- DISTRIBUTION: Ethiopia.

densecaudatus Bernhauer, 1928 g: 109 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Belgisch-Kongo: Elisabethville, Pweto).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1339 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Tottenham, 1949b: 345 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Tottenham, 1962: 202, 203, 205 ( Philonthus ; characters; notes).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo, Ethiopia.

katompeanus Bernhauer, 1932b: 150 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Katanga: Katompe ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1347 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Bernhauer and Chapman, 1939: 70 ( Philonthus ; Ethiopia).

— Tottenham, 1962: 205 ( Philonthus ; synonym of densecaudatus ).

densicauda Bernhauer, 1943b: 290 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kongo: Elisabethville ).

— Tottenham, 1955: 172 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Tottenham, 1962: 202, 203, 207 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sudan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo, Sudan.

densipennis Bernhauer, 1908c: 110 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kamerun).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Cameroon.

densiventris Bernhauer, 1915a: 24 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Philippinen: Luzon :

Mt. Makiling).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1339 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Philippines.

densus Cameron, 1926b: 355 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Chakrata District; Chulli Khud,

Sainj Khud, Korawa Khud, 6500 to 8000 feet).

— Cameron, 1932: 125 ( Philonthus ; characters; India).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1339 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Yadav, Chand, and Yadav, 1995: 6 ( Philonthus ; cited as denus; morphology of mitotic and meiotic chromosomes).

- DISTRIBUTION: India.

dentiphallus Schillhammer, 1999: 60 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: China: Guizhou prov., Anshun Prefecture, Pingba , ca. 50 km SW Guiyang City).

- DISTRIBUTION: China.

dentipes Eppelsheim, 1889 , see: Gabrius .

deplanatus Sharp, 1885: 423 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Guatemala, San Geronimo ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Guatemala.

depravus Cameron, 1932a: 141 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Selangor: Bukit Kutu ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Malaysia.

depressipennis Sharp, 1889: 37 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Ishiuchi; Konose).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1339 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Kanehisa, Tsumuki, and Kawazu, 1994 ( Philonthus ; chemical secretions).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan.

depressus Steinheil, 1869 , see: pallipes Blanchard, 1842 .

derennei Drugmand, 1987: 274 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Type locality: Belgique: province de Brabant, Boitsfort).

- DISTRIBUTION: Belgium.

derivatus Cameron, 1937: 9 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Java: G. Tangkoeban Prahoe,

alt. 4000–5000 ft).

- DISTRIBUTION: Indonesia.

deuvei Coiffait, 1982a: 253 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Inde: Pir Panjal , Bhadarwak, Samum, 3200 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: India.

devillei Chapman, 1932 , see: alcyoneus Erichson, 1840 .

diabolicus Cameron, 1942b: 327 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Chyulu Hills, altitude 5600 feet). - DISTRIBUTION: Kenya.

diallus Tottenham, 1953 , see: eidmannianus Scheerpeltz, 1929 .

diamantinus Bernhauer, 1917 i: 102 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Bolivien: Yuracaris ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1339 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Bolivia.

diatrechoides Tottenham, 1962: 232 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for nigrolucens Cameron ; characters).

- DISTRIBUTION: Angola.

nigrolucens Cameron, 1959: 116 ( Diatrechus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Angola: dictator Fagel, 1972: 101 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Sainte-Hélène: Basse Fisher’s Valley, 1000 ft.).

— Wollaston, 1877: 30 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Misidentified as turbidus according to Fagel, 1972: 101]; characters; St. Helena).

- DISTRIBUTION: Saint Helena.

differens Cameron, 1932: 141 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Nilgiri Hills).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1339 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: India.

diffusiventris Bernhauer, 1933 , see: oberti Eppelsheim, 1889 .

dignus Last, 1968: 347 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: New Guinea: Okapa).

- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.

uniformis Last, 1981: 120 ( Philonthus ; variety of dignus ; [Note: Nomen nudum (Article 15.2); preoccupied]; cited from New Guinea: Garaina, Bulu Valley).

dilucidus Tottenham, 1962: 154 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Nigeria: Ibadan ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Nigeria.

dilutior Bernhauer, 1928 , see: Mentophilonthus .

dilutipes Fauvel, 1898a: 117 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: La Digue; Iles Maurice et

La Réunion. Madagascar: Diego Suarez; baie d’Antongil; Tananarive; Java oriental: Monts Tengger).

— H. Kolbe, 1910: 20 ( Philonthus ; Seychelles).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Tottenham, 1949b: 339 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Lecoq, 1990: 199 ( Philonthus ; Mascarene Islands).

- DISTRIBUTION: Mauritius, Réunion, Madagascar, Seychelles, Indonesia. dimidiaticornis Fauvel, 1905d: 197 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kioboscho, Kilimandjaro). — Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Tottenham, 1949b: 309 ( Philonthus ).

— Tottenham, 1956: 225 ( Philonthus ; Ruanda).

— Tottenham, 1962: 135, 161, 165 ( Philonthus ; characters; Tanganyika; Nigeria; Natal).

- DISTRIBUTION: Nigeria, Tanzania, Rwanda, South Africa.

dimidiatipennis Erichson, 1840: 500 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Sicilia ; Mesopotamia).

— Hochhuth, 1849: 145 ( Philonthus ; characters; Armenia).

— Kiesenwetter, 1851a: 417 ( Philonthus ; France).

— Fairmaire and Laboulbène, 1856: 530 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 621 ( Philonthus ).

— Hochhuth, 1862: 65 ( Philonthus ; Russia).

— Fauvel, 1874: 238 [= 1874a: 464] ( Philonthus ; characters; France; Sicily; Corsica; Sardinia; Algeria; Armenia; Mesopotamia; Russia).

— Solsky, 1874: 183 ( Philonthus ; characters; Turkestan).

— Fauvel, 1876a: 74 [= 1876: 259] ( Philonthus ; Spain; Turkestan; Buchara).

— Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 521 [= 1877: 377] ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Fauvel, 1878: 123 [= 1878a: 43] ( Philonthus ; Algeria).

— Fauvel, 1886: 55 [= 1886a: 47] ( Philonthus ; Algeria).

— Eppelsheim, 1892: 334 ( Philonthus ; Turkestan).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 457 ( Philonthus ; characters; Mediterranean region; southern Russia).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 107 ( Actobius ; Morocco; Algeria).

— Sainte-Claire Deville, 1906: 97 ( Philonthus ; Corsica).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Portevin, 1929: 364 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1340 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Wüsthoff, 1934: 61 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).

— Bernhauer, 1936: 5 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).

— Lohse, 1956: 91 ( Philonthus ; notes).

— Scheerpeltz, 1958a: 22 ( Philonthus ; Turkey).

— Scheerpeltz, 1961: 7 ( Philonthus ; Iran).

— Scheerpeltz, 1961h: 253 ( Philonthus ; Afghanistan).

— Raianu, 1963: 83 ( Philonthus ; Romania).

— Lohse, 1964: 185 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).

— Focarile, 1964: 59 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Horion, 1965: 171 ( Philonthus ; North Africa; Turkey; Russia; Transcaucasus; Turkestan; Turkmenistan; northern China; Greece; France; Holland).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 431 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Smetana, 1967d: 208 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).

— Smetana, 1967i: 555 ( Philonthus ; notes; Turkey).

— Coiffait, 1974: 196 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe; Anatolia; Mongolia; France; Corsica). — Smetana 1975c: 172 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).

— Zerche, 1975a ( Philonthus ; notes; Germany).

— Bordoni, 1975a: 153 ( Philonthus ; Afghanistan).

— Shilov, 1976: 152 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).

— Pope, 1977: 29 ( Philonthus ; Britain).

— Coiffait, 1983e: 477 ( Philonthus ; Afghanistan).

— Tóth, 1984: 77 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Lucht, 1987: 105 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Benelux).

— Lohse and Lucht, 1989: 168 ( Philonthus ; note).

— Hodge and Jones, 1995: 39 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 28 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

- DISTRIBUTION: Algeria, Morocco, Spain, France, Italy, Greece, Holland, Romania, Russia, Armenia, Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Mongolia.

rubellus Solsky, 1874: 179 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Maracandam).

— Eppelsheim, 1892: 334 ( Philonthus ; variety of dimidiatipennis ; Turkestan).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 335 ( Philonthus ; variety of dimidiatipennis ).

dimidiatus Say, 1830 , see: sericans Gravenhorst, 1802 .

dimidiatus C. Sahlberg, 1830 , see: caucasicus Nordmann, 1837 .

dimidiatus Lacordaire, 1835 , see: quisquiliarius Gyllenhal, 1810 .

dimorphus Bernhauer, 1903a: 29 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Sumatra).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Cameron, 1933d: 387 ( Philonthus ; Sumatra).

- DISTRIBUTION: Indonesia.

dionysiae Levasseur, 1962a: 52 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kolwezi , Katanga).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

discalis Tottenham, 1962 , see: altivagans Fauvel, 1907 .

discedens Schubert, 1909: 291 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: südöstliches Mexico, Gegend von Jalapa, nördlich vom Pic d’Orizaba).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Mexico.

discipennis Fauvel, 1879: 100 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Nouvelle Guinée; Fly River).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Cameron, 1937a: 100 ( Philonthus ; New Guinea).

— Last, 1987: 31 ( Philonthus ; Papua New Guinea).

- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.

discoideisimilis Scheerpeltz, 1974: 149 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Cape Prov.: Near

Areb Mnt., ab 22 miles ENE Springbok. Also cited from South West Africa).

— Scheerpeltz, 1974c: 22 ( Philonthus ; Sudan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Sudan, Namibia, South Africa.

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Johansen, 1914: 410 ( Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).

— Bernhauer, 1920: 16 ( Philonthus ; Australia).

— Lea, 1925: 220 ( Philonthus ; Australian introduction).

— Portevin, 1929: 362 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Gridelli, 1930: 74 ( Philonthus ; Libya).

— Cameron, 1932: 116 ( Philonthus ; characters; India).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1340 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Wüsthoff, 1934: 61 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).

— Scheerpeltz, 1935a: 654 ( Philonthus ; Australia).

— Cameron, 1937: 5 ( Philonthus ; Java).

— Bernhauer, 1940c: 4 ( Philonthus ; Azores; Madeira).

— C. Koch, 1941: 63 ( Philonthus ; Morocco).

— Méquignon, 1942a: 21 ( Philonthus ; Azores).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 407 ( Philonthus ; characters; Cuba; Jamaica; Haiti; Puerto Rico; St. Croix; St. Kitts; Antigua; Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Grenada).

— V. Hansen, 1952: 73 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).

— Cameron, 1951: 282 ( Philonthus ; Egypt).

— Cameron, 1952d: 824 ( Philonthus ; Mauritania).

— Scheerpeltz, 1956a: 484 ( Philonthus ; Belgian Congo).

— Smetana, 1958: 212 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).

— Smetana, 1959: 161 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Tottenham, 1961: 204 ( Philonthus ; Senegal).

— Scheerpeltz, 1961: 6 ( Philonthus ; Iran).

— Tottenham, 1962: 216, 217, 221 ( Philonthus ; characters; Cape Verde; Senegal; Nigeria; Cameroon; Tanganyika; Rhodesia).

— Scheerpeltz, 1963b: 429 ( Philonthus ; Egypt).

— Palm, 1963b: 90 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden; Denmark; Norway; Finland).

— Lohse, 1964: 184 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).

— Scheerpeltz, 1964a: 300 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Crete).

— Horion, 1965: 161 ( Philonthus ; widespread in southern and central Europe, sparse in northern Europe).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 422 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Raianu, 1968a: 467 ( Philonthus ; Romania).

— Szujecki, 1968a: 731 ( Philonthus ; Poland).

— Fagel, 1972: 101 ( Philonthus ; notes; Sainte Helene).

— Moore and Legner, 1974a: 39 ( Philonthus ; spread by commerce).

— Coiffait, 1974: 195 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe; Britain; Scandinavia; Anatolia; France).

— Scheerpeltz, 1974c: 22 ( Philonthus ; Sudan).

— Moore, 1975c: 106 ( Philonthus ; Hawaii).

— Coiffait, 1976: 217 ( Philonthus ; Tahiti).

— Pace and Zanetti, 1977: 297 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Pope, 1977: 29 ( Philonthus ; Britain).

— Smetana, 1978: 118 ( Philonthus ; collecting notes; Israel).

— Coiffait, 1979a: 162 ( Philonthus ; Saudi Arabia).

— Frank, 1982: 40 ( Philonthus ; list of parasites).

— Frank, 1984: 479 ( Philonthus ; characters; notes; Costa Rica).

— Tóth, 1984: 71 ( Philonthus ; characters; Hungary).

— Nekulisianu, 1985 ( Philonthus ; notes on biology; larval characters; Moldavia).

— Coiffait, 1986: 394 ( Philonthus ; Saudi Arabia).

— Lucht, 1987: 105 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden).

— Borges, 1990: Table II ( Philonthus ; Azores) .

— Lecoq, 1990: 199 ( Philonthus ; Mascarene Islands).

— Watanabe, 1993b ( Philonthus ; Izu Islands).

— Smetana, 1958: 213 ( Philonthus ; synonym of discoideus ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 195 ( Philonthus ; synonym of discoideus ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 185 ( Philonthus ; synonym of discoideus ).

ruficornis Melsheimer, 1844: 38 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Pennsylvania; [Note: See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]).

— Fauvel, 1891: 115 ( Philonthus ; synonym of discoideus ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 455 ( Philonthus ; synonym of discoideus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 336 ( Philonthus ; synonym of discoideus ).

— Cameron, 1932: 116 ( Philonthus ; synonym of discoideus ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 407 ( Philonthus ; synonym of discoideus ).

— Smetana, 1958: 213 ( Philonthus ; synonym of discoideus ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 195 ( Philonthus ; synonym of discoideus ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 185 ( Philonthus ; lectotype designation: Pennsylvania; synonym of discoideus ).

rufipennis Gerhardt, 1910: 555 ( Philonthus ; aberration of discoideus ; [Note: Nomen nudum (Articles 1.3.4, 45.5); preoccupied]; cited from Liegnitz).

— Cameron, 1932: 116 ( Philonthus ; aberration of discoideus ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1340 ( Philonthus ; synonym of gerhardtianus ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 407 ( Philonthus ; synonym of discoideus ).

— Smetana, 1959: 161 ( Philonthus ; synonym of discoideus ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 185 ( Philonthus ; synonym of discoideus ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 195 ( Philonthus ; synonym of discoideus ).

gerhardtianus Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1340 ( Philonthus ; variety of discoideus replacement name for rufipennis Gerhardt ).

— Smetana, 1958: 213 ( Philonthus ; aberration of discoideus ).

— Smetana, 1959: 161 ( Philonthus ; aberration of discoideus ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 422 ( Philonthus ; aberration of discoideus ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1974: 195 ( Philonthus ; variety of discoideus ).

— Tóth, 1984: 72 ( Philonthus ; aberration of discoideus ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 185 ( Philonthus ; synonym of discoideus ).

discrepens Sharp, 1889: 38 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Nikko).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 336 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1340 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan.

discretus Sharp, 1876b: 428 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mexico City).

— Sharp, 1885: 427 ( Philonthus ; notes; Mexico).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 336 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Mexico.

disjunctus Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914 , see: Gabrius .

disjunctus Cameron, 1925 , see: Gabrius .

dispersepunctatus Scheerpeltz, 1965: 209 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: N.E. Burma, Kambaiti , 2000 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Myanmar.

dispersus Fauvel, 1891: 111 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Colonie Tovar ; Lagonite; Nouvelle Grenade).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 336 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Marcuzzi, 1977: 11 ( Philonthus ; Venezuela).

- DISTRIBUTION: Venezuela, Colombia.

dispersus Fauvel, 1895 , see: fauvelianus Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914 .

dissentaneus Tottenham, 1961: 210 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Senegal: Parc National du Niokolo-Koba, Badi).