Periclimenaeus karantina, Park & De Grave, 2021

Park, Jin-Ho & De Grave, Sammy, 2021, Two New Species and a Further Country Record of the Caridean Shrimp Genus Borradaile, 1915 from Korea (Decapoda: Palaemonidae)., Zoological Studies 60 (1), pp. 1-27 : 3-13

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.6620/ZS.2021.60-01

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8069748

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AB9F22-FF83-FFF6-1D5A-FEF1FB5AFBE7

treatment provided by

Valdenar

scientific name

Periclimenaeus karantina
status

sp. nov.

Periclimenaeus karantina View in CoL sp. nov. Park and De

Grave ( Figs. 2–9 View Fig View Fig View Fig View Fig View Fig View Fig View Fig View Fig ) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5157B8FA-51BE-476E-8B98-100D6ABDF592

Material examined: Holotype. 1 male (pocl 3.3); Oct. 22, 2019; Munseom Islet, Jejudo Island (33°13'30"N 126°34'13"E), 21 m, leg. JH Park ( NIBRIV0000862971 ) GoogleMaps . Paratypes. 1 female (pocl 3.5); Aug. 08, 2016; same location, 20 m, leg. JH Park ( NIBRIV 0000862966, transferred from SNU KR_JH 474); 1 ovig. female, 1 male (pocl 4.1, 3.5); Aug. 16, 2019; Seopseom Islet, Jejudo Island (33°13'44.37"N 126°35'43.74"E), 38 m, leg. JH Park ( NIBRIV 0000862967-68); 1 female, 1 male (pocl 3.8, 3.5); Aug. 16, 2019; same location, leg. JH Park ( OUMNH. ZC.2018 -03-027, OUMNH. ZC.2018 - 03-028); 1 ovig. female, 1 female, 2 males (pocl 4.5, 3.2, 3.4, 2.8); Oct. 21, 2019; same location, depth, leg. JH Park ( NIBRIV 0000862972-862974, NIBRIV 0000877272); 1 juv., 1 ovig. female, 1 male (pocl 1.9, 3.4, 3.1); same data as holotype, leg. JH Park ( NIBRIV 0000862969-862970, NIBRIV 0000877273); 1 ovig. female, 1 female, 2 males (pocl 4.6, 3.5, 3.8, 3.3); Jan. 13, 2020; Munseom Islet Jejudo Island, 32m, leg. JH Park ( NIBRIV 0000877274-877277); 1 ovig. female, 1 female, 2 males (pocl 4.1, 3.4, 3.7, 2.9); Jan. 14, 2020; same location, 24 m, leg. JH Park ( NIBRIV 0000877278-877281); 1 ovig. female, 1 male (pocl 4.4, 3.5); Jan. 14, 2020; same location, 24 m, leg. JH Park ( NIBRIV 0000877282-877283); 1 male (pocl 3.1); Jan. 15, 2020; same location, 21 m, leg. JH Park ( JH 1108). All collected from a colonial didemnid ascidian Leptoclinides sp. ( Ascidiacea: Aplousobranchia : Didemnidae ) ( Fig. 9 View Fig ). GenBank accession numbers for DNA sequences data are presented as table 1 View Table 1 .

Description: Body medium-sized, subcylindrical form ( Fig. 2 View Fig ).

Rostrum ( Figs. 2 View Fig , 3 A View Fig ) straight, trending

downwards, about 0.4 of pocl, reaching slightly beyond distal margin of basal segment of antennular peduncle, with 4 equally spaced dorsal teeth, without ventral tooth.

Carapace ( Fig. 2 View Fig ) smooth, glabrous, without supraorbital tooth or tubercles, with feeble supraorbital ridges; antennal tooth acute; inferior orbital angle with round blunt process ( Fig. 3C View Fig ); pterygostomial angle produced.

Abdomen ( Fig. 2 View Fig ) with smooth pleon, first segment without anteromedian dorsal lobe; pleura broadly rounded, sixth segment about 1.1 times length of fifth, about 0.5 of telson length, posterolateral angle rounded, posteroventral angle acute ( Fig. 3D, E View Fig ).

Telson ( Fig. 2 View Fig ) about 0.7 of pocl, about 2 times longer than maximal width ( Fig. 3E View Fig ); two pairs of dorsal spiniform setae, subequal in size, at about 0.3 and 0.8 of telson length respectively, posterior margin with three pairs of spiniform setae, lateral posterior spiniform setae short, about 0.5 of length of intermediate pair, intermediate pair long and stout, submedian pair about 0.8 of intermediate pair length, distally setulose ( Fig. 3F View Fig ).

Eye ( Fig. 4A, B View Fig ) with hemispherical cornea, about 1.5 times longer than maximum dorsal width, about 1.2 times longer than maximum lateral width, nebenauge absent.

Antennule ( Fig. 4C View Fig ) with proximal segment of peduncle bearing acute distolateral tooth, with acute tooth at ventromedial margin ( Fig. 4D View Fig ); stylocerite broad, bearing sharp point, reaching to about 0.5 of proximal segment; intermediate segment short, about 0.3 times of proximal segment length, subequal to distal segment length; upper flagellum biramous, proximal five segments fused, short free ramus with two segments, longer free ramus with seven segment; lower flagellum with fourteen segments, filiform.

Antenna ( Fig. 4E View Fig ) with rounded boss proximally on coxa; basicerite without distoventral tooth, ischiocerite and merocerite unarmed; carpocerite exceeding scaphocerite; scaphocerite about 2.4 times as long as maximal width, distal lamella rounded, exceeding acute distolateral tooth situated at about 0.8 of scaphocerite length.

Mouthparts not dissected. Second maxilliped with normal endopod, exopod, oval epipod without podobranch. Third maxilliped ( Fig. 5A View Fig ) with ultimate segment about 0.5 times as long as antepenultimate segment, tapering distally, with dense tufts of long setae; penultimate segment about 0.6 times antepenultimate segment length, with ventromedial row of long setae; antepenultimate segment with long setae on ventromedial margin; exopod reaching middle of penultimate segment, distally with six plumose setae; coxa with rounded lateral plate, without arthrobranch.

First pereiopod ( Figs. 2 View Fig , 6A View Fig ) with coxa and basis without special features; ischium about 0.6 of merus length, unarmed; merus subequal to carpus length, unarmed; carpus about 1.2 times as long as chela, tapering proximally; carpo-propodal cleaning brush developed; chela about 0.4 times as long as pocl, about 0.7 times as long as merus length; palm subcylindrical, smooth, non-tuberculate; fingers about 0.9 of palm length, subspatulate, with subterminal group of setae ( Fig. 6B View Fig ), with three terminal teeth, pair of subterminal teeth short, about 0.6 of median tooth length ( Fig. 6C View Fig ).

Second pereiopods ( Figs. 2 View Fig , 7 View Fig ) robust, dissimilar in shape, unequal in size.

Major second pereiopod ( Fig. 2 View Fig ) with coxa and basis without special features; ischium about 0.8 of merus length, tapering proximally, unarmed; merus about 0.3 of palm length, with minute tubercles on ventral margin ( Fig. 8E, F View Fig ); carpus about 0.3 of palm length, tapering proximally, unarmed; chela about 1.7 to 2.6 times as long as pocl, about 4.3 times as long as merus length ( Fig. 7A View Fig ); palm subcylindrical, smooth, non-tuberculate; fingers ( Fig. 7B View Fig ) about 0.4 of palm length, distally curved mesially ( Fig. 7C View Fig ), with subterminal group of setae; fixed finger with strong subacute tip, distal cutting edge concave, entire, proximal cutting edge with deep oval fossa, mesial margin with triangular process ( Fig. 7B View Fig ), lateral margin with lower rounded process ( Fig. 7A View Fig ); dactylus with strong subacute tip, distal cutting edge with about 50 small acute teeth ( Fig. 7D View Fig ), proximal cutting edge with large molar process.

Minor second pereiopod ( Fig. 2 View Fig ) with coxa and basis without special features; ischium subequal to merus length, tapering proximally, unarmed; merus about 0.4 of palm length, with minute tubercles on ventral margin ( Figs. 7E View Fig , 8D View Fig ); chela about 1.2 times as long as pocl, about 0.5 of major chela length, about 3 times as long as merus, with fingers unequal in size; palm subcylindrical, smooth, non-tuberculate; carpus about 0.3 of palm length, tapering proximally, unarmed; fixed finger about 0.7 of dactylus length, with strong subacute tip, cutting edge with long groove extending to 0.9 of fixed finger from apex ( Fig. 8A View Fig ), lateral cutting edge slightly convex, proximal margin with lower rounded process, with denticulate mesial cutting edge ( Fig. 8A, C View Fig ), proximal margin with triangular tuberculate process ( Fig. 8A, C View Fig ); dactylus ( Fig. 7F View Fig ) about one third of palm length, about 2.0 times as long as maximal depth in midlength, exceeding fixed finger, with broadly rounded dorsal margin, tip with blunt tooth continuous with sinuous cutting edge, distally concave, proximally convex, with about 40 small acute teeth, decreasing in size proximally ( Fig. 8 A, B View Fig ), proximal cutting edge with right-angular obtuse process fitting to proximal end of occlusal groove on fixed finger ( Fig. 8B View Fig ).

Ambulatory pereiopods ( Fig. 2 View Fig ) subequal in shape, third pereiopod strongest, fourth and fifth gradually slightly slender.

Third pereiopod ( Fig. 6D View Fig ) robust, sparsely setose; coxa and basis without special features; ischium about 0.7 of merus length, unarmed; merus about 1.2 of carpus length, unarmed; carpus about 0.9 of propodus length, tapering proximally, unarmed; propodus about 2.9 times longer than maximal depth, tapering distally, with two or three stout distoventral spiniform setae ( Figs. 6E View Fig , 8G View Fig ); dactylus about 0.2 of propodus length, unguis distinctly demarcated, simple, curved, about 0.3 of dorsal corpus length, corpus without distal accessory tooth, slightly convex distally, with minute acute proximal tooth ( Figs. 6E View Fig , 8G View Fig ), with sensory setae distolaterally.

Fourth pereiopod ( Fig. 6F View Fig ) robust, sparsely setose; coxa and basis without special features; ischium about 0.8 of merus length, unarmed; merus about 1.2 of carpus length, unarmed; carpus about 0.9 of propodus length, tapering proximally, unarmed; propodus about 3.3 times longer than maximal depth, tapering distally, with pair of stout distoventral spiniform setae ( Fig. 6G View Fig ); dactylus about 0.16 of propodus length, unguis distinctly demarcated, simple, curved, about 0.4 of dorsal corpus length, corpus without distal accessory tooth, slightly convex distally, with minute acute proximal tooth ( Fig. 6G View Fig ), with sensory setae distolaterally.

Fifth pereiopod ( Fig. 6H View Fig ) robust, sparsely setose; coxa and basis without special features; ischium about 0.7 of merus length, unarmed; merus about 1.4 of carpus length, unarmed; carpus about 0.7 of propodus length, tapering proximally, unarmed; propodus about 4.7 times longer than maximal depth, tapering distally, with single stout distoventral spiniform setae, with distoventral setulose setae, with single spiniform setae distomedially ( Fig 6I View Fig ); dactylus about 0.13 of propodus length, unguis distinctly demarcated, simple, curved, about 0.3 of dorsal corpus length, corpus without distal accessory tooth, slightly convex distally, with minute acute proximal tooth ( Fig 6I View Fig ), with sensory setae distolaterally.

Second pleopod of male ( Fig. 5B View Fig ) with endopod with short appendix masculina in relation to appendix interna, with two long terminal setulose setae; appendix interna about 3.0 times as long as appendix masculina ( Fig. 5C View Fig ).

Second pleopod of female with protopod medially with two to four ovigerous setae proximally, two to three distally, proximo-laterally with single seta ( Fig. 5D, E View Fig ).

Uropod ( Fig. 3E View Fig ) reaching to telson tip; exopod slightly shorter than endopod, outer margin entire, with single spiniform setae, curved inward, about 2.3 times longer than acute distolateral tooth.

Variation: All intact 21 adult specimens have the same rostral formula (4/0) except for a single ovigerous specimen (pocl 4.6 mm, 3/0). The general morphology of both sexes is very similar, although the major second chela is distinctly larger in the relatively smaller male specimens. For example, the major second chela is about 2.6 times as long as the pocl in the holotype male (pocl 3.3 mm) and about 1.7 times in the largest ovigerous female paratype (pocl 4.6 mm). The dentition of the cutting edge of the fixed finger in the minor second chelae varies considerably ( Fig. 8A, C View Fig ) in the number of small teeth, ranging from none to 30 (holotype).

Colouration: Whole body and appendages semitransparent with a pale orange-cream background colour when alive ( Fig. 9A View Fig ); bright white and orange chromatophores scattered all over body and appendages ( Fig. 9A, B View Fig ).

Etymology: From the Greek karantina (καραντίνα, quarantine), referring to the lifestyle of the new species within the host ascidian species ( Fig. 9B View Fig ). It also alludes to the quarantine of human society due to the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19), during which time this paper was written. Used as a noun in apposition.

Host: The shrimp specimens were found inside the common cloacal system of an colonial didemnid ascidian Leptoclinides sp. ( Ascidiacea: Aplousobranchia : Didemnidae ) ( Fig. 9B, C View Fig ).

Distribution: Presently only known from the type locality in Jejudo Island, Korea ( Fig. 1A, B View Fig ).

Remarks: The species is considered to be typical for ascidian associates due to the presence of a denticulate dactylus on the minor second pereiopod. Periclimenaeus karantina sp. nov. appears morphologically close to seven species: P. colemani Bruce, 2014 , P. dactylodon Bruce, 2012a , P. devaneyi Bruce, 2010 , P. diplosomatis Bruce, 1980 , P. kottae Bruce, 2005a , P. myora Bruce, 1998 , P. orbitocarinatus Fransen, 2006 ; and possibly P. zarenkovi Ďuriš, 1990 . All these species share the following characters: 1) first abdominal tergite without anterodorsal medial lobe; 2) major and minor second chela with denticulate cutting edges on dactylus; and 3) the dactyli of the ambulatory pereiopods having a proximal ventral tooth, but no distoventral accessory tooth.

The new species shares with P. devaneyi , P. dactylodon , P. kottae and P. orbitocarinatus the presence of median tubercles on the ventral margin on the merus of both second pereiopods. However, P. devaneyi can be readily distinguished from the new species by the presence of a large spine on the distoventral angle of the carpus of the ambulatory pereiopods (vs. absent in P. karantina sp. nov.). Periclimenaeus dactylodon and P. kottae can also readily be distinguished from the new species by the presence of the proximal process on the corpus of the dactylus of the third pereiopod (with large rounded boss in P. kottae or large triangular basal tooth in P. dactylodon vs. with minute proximal tooth in P. karantina sp. nov.). Periclimenaeus orbitocarinatus clearly differs from the new species by the strongly pronounced postorbital ridge along the anterior margin of the carapace and the antennal carpocerite not overreaching the scaphocerite (vs. with feebly pronounced postorbital ridge and carpocerite overreaching the scaphocerite in P. karantina sp. nov.).

Periclimenaeus karantina sp. nov. can also be distinguished from P. diplosomatis , P. myora and P. zarenkovi , on the basis of the dactylus of the minor second pereiopod not exceeding the fixed finger and the ventral margin of the merus of the second pereiopods not being tuberculate (vs. dactylus exceeding fixed finger and tuberculated ventral margin in P. karantina sp. nov.). Periclimenaeus diplosomatis can be distinguished by the absence of an epipod on the second maxilliped and distolateral tooth of the scaphocerite exceeding anterior margin of the lamella (vs. with epipod and not exceeding in P. karantina sp. nov.). The new species also differs from P. myora and P. zarenkovi in the presence of a long carpocerite which exceeds the anterior margin of the scaphocerite (vs. not exceeding in P. myora and P. zarenkovi ).

Periclimenaeus karantina sp. nov. most closely resembles P. colemani , with which it shares the carpocerite of the antenna exceeding the distal margin of the scaphocerite, and the scaphocerite with the lamella exceeding the distolateral tooth. The new species can be distinguished from P. colemani on the basis of the combination of the following characters: 1) antennule with rounded distolateral tooth (vs. sharp distolateral tooth in P. karantina sp. nov.); 2) dactylus of the minor chela being about 2.8 times greater than the maximal depth (vs. about 2 times in P. karantina sp. nov.); 3) dactylus of minor second pereiopod not exceeding fixed finger (vs. exceeding in P. karantina sp. nov.); 4) major and minor second pereiopods with cutting edge of dactyli with about 20 and 25 teeth, respectively (vs. with about 50 and 40 teeth in P. karantina sp. nov.); 5) fifth pereiopod propodus without distoventral spiniform setae (vs. single stout distoventral and single subdistal spiniform seta in P. karantina sp. nov.); 6) non-tuberculate ventral margin of merus of second pereiopods (vs. tuberculate ventral margin in P. karantina sp. nov.); 7) sixth pleuron with acutely produced posterolaterally (vs. posterolateral angle rounded in P. karantina sp. nov.).

Table 1. GenBank accession numbers for this study

Voucher number Species Status COI 16S
NIBRIV0000862971 Periclimenaeus karantina sp. nov. Holotype MW149052 View Materials MW159109 View Materials
NIBRIV0000862973 Periclimenaeus karantina sp. nov. Paratype MW149053 View Materials MW159110 View Materials
NIBRIV0000862974 Periclimenaeus karantina sp. nov. Paratype MW149054 View Materials MW159111 View Materials
OUMNH.ZC.2018-03-028 Periclimenaeus karantina sp. nov. Paratype MW149050 View Materials MW159107 View Materials
OUMNH.ZC.2018-03-027 Periclimenaeus karantina sp. nov. Paratype MW149051 View Materials MW159108 View Materials
NIBRIV0000862976 Periclimenaeus apomonos i sp. nov. Holotype MW149056 View Materials MW159113 View Materials
NIBRIV0000862975 Periclimenaeus apomonosi sp. nov. Paratype MW149055 View Materials MW159112 View Materials
OUMNH.ZC.2018-03-029 Periclimenaeus apomonosi sp. nov. Paratype MW149057 View Materials MW159114 View Materials
N/A * Leptoclinides sp. Tissue MW149049 View Materials N/A

Used symbols: N/A – not available; * Leptoclinides sp. – tissue sample of the host colonial ascidian of Periclimenaeus karantina sp. nov. (NIBRIV0000862967).

ZC

Zoological Collection, University of Vienna

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